2009_outline_4
... c. Lactone formation C. Reactions at Carbonyl Carbon 1. Acidic Hydrolysis - Acyl - Oxygen and Alkyl - Oxygen Cleavage 2. Alkaline Hydrolysis - Acyl - Oxygen Cleavage 3. Transesterification with Alcohols 4. Ammonolysis to Amide and Alcohol 5. Reduction to Alcohols 6. Grignard Reaction D. Reactions at ...
... c. Lactone formation C. Reactions at Carbonyl Carbon 1. Acidic Hydrolysis - Acyl - Oxygen and Alkyl - Oxygen Cleavage 2. Alkaline Hydrolysis - Acyl - Oxygen Cleavage 3. Transesterification with Alcohols 4. Ammonolysis to Amide and Alcohol 5. Reduction to Alcohols 6. Grignard Reaction D. Reactions at ...
Practice exam 1 - Little Dumb doctor, homework solutions
... 5.(12) The molecule shown below is an extremely unusual, unstable and unsaturated hydrocarbon. In the diagram below, identify all orbitals (e.g. px, sp2) and bond types (e.g. π, σ). Additionally, propose a Lewis structure (lines for all bonds) for this hydrocarbon. ...
... 5.(12) The molecule shown below is an extremely unusual, unstable and unsaturated hydrocarbon. In the diagram below, identify all orbitals (e.g. px, sp2) and bond types (e.g. π, σ). Additionally, propose a Lewis structure (lines for all bonds) for this hydrocarbon. ...
radicals
... Weak bonds, like O-O bonds and X-X bonds undergo such homolysis reactions relatively easily. ...
... Weak bonds, like O-O bonds and X-X bonds undergo such homolysis reactions relatively easily. ...
Formative 3.5 2014
... Any ester with 6 carbons. Any 6 carbon carboxylic acid. (c) (i) Butan-1-ol reacts with concentrated H2SO4 to form but-1-ene and water. This is an elimination reaction. Since this is a primary alcohol with the –OH group at the end of the carbon chain there is only one possible product. Butan-2-ol is ...
... Any ester with 6 carbons. Any 6 carbon carboxylic acid. (c) (i) Butan-1-ol reacts with concentrated H2SO4 to form but-1-ene and water. This is an elimination reaction. Since this is a primary alcohol with the –OH group at the end of the carbon chain there is only one possible product. Butan-2-ol is ...
Synthesis of Ligands for the Functionalization of Magnetic
... The synthesis of the ligand portion of the project has faced many problems. For instance, in step 1, the heating required is evaporating the small reaction solution, and NMR analysis has been showing impure product. These problems have been overcome. To solve the evaporation problem, a larger reacti ...
... The synthesis of the ligand portion of the project has faced many problems. For instance, in step 1, the heating required is evaporating the small reaction solution, and NMR analysis has been showing impure product. These problems have been overcome. To solve the evaporation problem, a larger reacti ...
A-level Paper 2 Practice Paper 1 - A
... In a similar three-step mechanism, one molecule of X reacts further with one molecule of ethanal. The product is a trimer containing six carbon atoms. Deduce the structure of this trimer. ...
... In a similar three-step mechanism, one molecule of X reacts further with one molecule of ethanal. The product is a trimer containing six carbon atoms. Deduce the structure of this trimer. ...
Answers
... of hydroxide is needed. Draw a full mechanism to explain. (Hint: Before the elimination takes place, another reaction type we have learned takes place more quickly.) ...
... of hydroxide is needed. Draw a full mechanism to explain. (Hint: Before the elimination takes place, another reaction type we have learned takes place more quickly.) ...
Study Guide
... Determine hybridized states of atoms when they forms single, double or triple bonds (e.g. carbon). Draw Lewis diagrams and calculate/use formal charge to determine probable/optimal configurations. Determine/draw and name the shape of molecules. Identify factors that determine the shape of molecules ...
... Determine hybridized states of atoms when they forms single, double or triple bonds (e.g. carbon). Draw Lewis diagrams and calculate/use formal charge to determine probable/optimal configurations. Determine/draw and name the shape of molecules. Identify factors that determine the shape of molecules ...
Chapter 5. An Overview of Organic Reactions
... Branched substituents are numbered starting from the carbon of the substituent attached to the parent chain. From this carbon, count the number of carbons in the longest chain of the substituent. The substituent is named as an alkyl group based on the number of carbons in this chain. Numbering of th ...
... Branched substituents are numbered starting from the carbon of the substituent attached to the parent chain. From this carbon, count the number of carbons in the longest chain of the substituent. The substituent is named as an alkyl group based on the number of carbons in this chain. Numbering of th ...
Reactions to functionalize benzene
... When ortho or para orientation is desired, put the activating group on first When meta orientation is desired, the deactivating group should go on first, provided that it doesn’t completely deactivate the ring (exception is Friedel-Crafts rxn) Take advantage of methods to convert activating to ...
... When ortho or para orientation is desired, put the activating group on first When meta orientation is desired, the deactivating group should go on first, provided that it doesn’t completely deactivate the ring (exception is Friedel-Crafts rxn) Take advantage of methods to convert activating to ...
Document
... • Imine formation is also a nucleophilic addition. • There is a different end result here, though as elimination of water occurs. • The initial reaction is attack of the amine on the carbonyl to give the alkoxide intermediate as normal. • Following protonation of the alkoxide and loss of the proton ...
... • Imine formation is also a nucleophilic addition. • There is a different end result here, though as elimination of water occurs. • The initial reaction is attack of the amine on the carbonyl to give the alkoxide intermediate as normal. • Following protonation of the alkoxide and loss of the proton ...
Exam 1
... For chap 12: 12.1 (Grignard only) For chap 14: 14. 18 14.20, 14.21 (color) For chap 16: 16.2,16.5, 16.6-16.16, 16.20, 16.22-16.23 For chap 17: 17.2, 17.3, 17.4 & 17.7 For chap 19; 19.21, 19.22 (Azo dye reaction) Know and be able draw the arrow pushing mechanism for these reactions: Electrophilic Aro ...
... For chap 12: 12.1 (Grignard only) For chap 14: 14. 18 14.20, 14.21 (color) For chap 16: 16.2,16.5, 16.6-16.16, 16.20, 16.22-16.23 For chap 17: 17.2, 17.3, 17.4 & 17.7 For chap 19; 19.21, 19.22 (Azo dye reaction) Know and be able draw the arrow pushing mechanism for these reactions: Electrophilic Aro ...
Dissertation:
... Poly(lactide) (PLA) is a aliphatic polyester obtained from renewable sources, and is intensively used in the pharmaceutical and medical industries and in the production of packages devoted to food products. The performed alcoholysis reactions of PLLA and L-LA showed significant catalytic activity of ...
... Poly(lactide) (PLA) is a aliphatic polyester obtained from renewable sources, and is intensively used in the pharmaceutical and medical industries and in the production of packages devoted to food products. The performed alcoholysis reactions of PLLA and L-LA showed significant catalytic activity of ...
Organic Reactions
... formation of ion The first step is the attraction of the electrophile (Hydrogen ion) to the electrons in the pi bond. This forms a carbocation. The carbocation that is more substituted (has more carbons attached to it) is the most stable. The negatively charged halogen (nucleophile) adds to the carb ...
... formation of ion The first step is the attraction of the electrophile (Hydrogen ion) to the electrons in the pi bond. This forms a carbocation. The carbocation that is more substituted (has more carbons attached to it) is the most stable. The negatively charged halogen (nucleophile) adds to the carb ...
Organic Pathways
... • The formation of isomers and other byproducts also needs to be considered. • The methods of separation of the desired intermediate and final product from isomers and other by-products must be determined. • The final product then needs to be purified and the purity evaluated. • The yield must also ...
... • The formation of isomers and other byproducts also needs to be considered. • The methods of separation of the desired intermediate and final product from isomers and other by-products must be determined. • The final product then needs to be purified and the purity evaluated. • The yield must also ...
Organic Chemistry I
... pharmaceutical, dental, and veterinary programs and for certain advanced nursing programs. Course Prerequisites/Corequisites Prerequisites: CHM 112 or equivalent and a satisfactory placement score for ENG 111 Course Objectives Upon completion of the course students will be able to: Apply bonding c ...
... pharmaceutical, dental, and veterinary programs and for certain advanced nursing programs. Course Prerequisites/Corequisites Prerequisites: CHM 112 or equivalent and a satisfactory placement score for ENG 111 Course Objectives Upon completion of the course students will be able to: Apply bonding c ...
1 Chemistry 201 Name Assignment 2 1. Consider the following
... 5. Construct the reaction table for the reaction of 1.46 mol of Al with 3.60 mol of HCl to produce AlCl3 and H2. (Hint #1: be sure to balance the equation first! Hint #2: don't forget that signs are important in reaction tables!) Al HCl ...
... 5. Construct the reaction table for the reaction of 1.46 mol of Al with 3.60 mol of HCl to produce AlCl3 and H2. (Hint #1: be sure to balance the equation first! Hint #2: don't forget that signs are important in reaction tables!) Al HCl ...
reactions of organic compounds
... on the symmetry of the reactants. – Symmetrical alkene: identical groups on either side of double bond. E.g. Ethene: – Asymmetrical. E.g. Propene. ...
... on the symmetry of the reactants. – Symmetrical alkene: identical groups on either side of double bond. E.g. Ethene: – Asymmetrical. E.g. Propene. ...
Document
... Let us illustrate the mechanism of borohydride reduction using acetophenone the compound you will reduce in Experiment 15.1. The reduction of the carbonyl group takes place by the nucleophilic attack of BH4- on the carbon. In this reaction, the large amount of ethanol used as the solvent converts th ...
... Let us illustrate the mechanism of borohydride reduction using acetophenone the compound you will reduce in Experiment 15.1. The reduction of the carbonyl group takes place by the nucleophilic attack of BH4- on the carbon. In this reaction, the large amount of ethanol used as the solvent converts th ...
Slide 1
... They are stronger acids (pKa = 10) than alcohols, but do not exhibit hydrogen-binding ...
... They are stronger acids (pKa = 10) than alcohols, but do not exhibit hydrogen-binding ...
اســـم المـــدرس: د
... 2) Write the chemical and the reaction mechanism for the reaction of benzaldehyde with excess methanol and acid catalyst. ...
... 2) Write the chemical and the reaction mechanism for the reaction of benzaldehyde with excess methanol and acid catalyst. ...
Word document format
... 1. Know how to prepare a functional group and what can be made from a functional group. For example, know how to prepare alkenes and what can be made from an alkene. The best way to memorize these reactions is to make flashcards. Include stereospecificity of reaction, where needed. This is most like ...
... 1. Know how to prepare a functional group and what can be made from a functional group. For example, know how to prepare alkenes and what can be made from an alkene. The best way to memorize these reactions is to make flashcards. Include stereospecificity of reaction, where needed. This is most like ...
Ene reaction
The ene reaction (also known as the Alder-ene reaction) is a chemical reaction between an alkene with an allylic hydrogen (the ene) and a compound containing a multiple bond (the enophile), in order to form a new σ-bond with migration of the ene double bond and 1,5 hydrogen shift. The product is a substituted alkene with the double bond shifted to the allylic position.This transformation is a group transfer pericyclic reaction, and therefore, usually requires highly activated substrates and/or high temperatures. Nonetheless, the reaction is compatible with a wide variety of functional groups that can be appended to the ene and enophile moieties. Also,many useful Lewis acid-catalyzed ene reactions have been developed which can afford high yields and selectivities at significantly lower temperatures, making the ene reaction a useful C–C forming tool for the synthesis of complex molecules and natural products.