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H + - uaschemistry
H + - uaschemistry

... • A group that donates electrons, such as CH3, will make the anion less stable (stronger conjugate base) and the acid weaker. • Q: What would the order of pKa, from largest to smallest, be for ethanol, phenol, 2-methylphenol, and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol? ...
Ethers and Epoxides - Delaware State University
Ethers and Epoxides - Delaware State University

... Simple ethers are named by identifying the two organic substituents and adding the word ether If other functional groups are present, the ether part is considered an alkoxy substituent R–O–R ~ tetrahedral bond angle (112° in dimethyl ether) Oxygen is sp3-hybridized Oxygen atom gives ethers a slight ...
organic revision nots
organic revision nots

... 2. In Phenol, the –OH group activates the benzene ring towards elecrophilic substitution and directs the substituents to Ortho and para positions in benzene ring. 3. The –OH group in phenols is more strongly held as compared to –OH group in alcohols. 4. Phenol does not undergo protonation easily. 5. ...
Ch 16 Aldehydes and Ketones I
Ch 16 Aldehydes and Ketones I

... – This is a variation of the Corey-Posner-WhitesideHouse alkane synthesis done at very low temperature – The dialkyl cuprates are mixed with an acid chloride in ether to yield the ketone – example ...
10.3 Alcohols
10.3 Alcohols

... 10.3 Alcohols • These compounds have an -OH attached to the carbon chain. • This functional group is called a hydroxyl group. • Note: The oxygen is bonded to the carbon in a covalent bond. • The hydrogen is then bonded in a covalent bond to the oxygen, it is not a hydroxide ion that is attached to t ...
Chapter one: Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
Chapter one: Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

... i. Stereoisomers are isomers that have the same molecular and structural formulas but different orientations of atoms in space j. Cis– trans isomers are isomers that have the same molecular and structural formulas but different orientations of atoms in space because of restricted rotation about bon ...
CARBONYL COMPOUNDS ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
CARBONYL COMPOUNDS ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

... Aldehydes are easily oxidized to carboxylic acids but carboxylic acids are difficult to reduce to aldehydes. This difficulty is circumvented by converting a carboxylic acid into the more reactive acid chloride, which can be readily reduced to an aldehyde. Lithium tri-t-butoxyaluminum hydride is a mi ...
EXPERIMENT 3: The Grignard Reaction: Synthesis of
EXPERIMENT 3: The Grignard Reaction: Synthesis of

... formations, is most important in anabolic organic synthesis. The various reactions involved in the creation of large molecules from simple starting materials are quite limited in number. One of the most fundamental carbon forming bond reactions is the Grignard reaction. The Grignard reaction involve ...
Aldehydes and Ketones - University of Nebraska Omaha
Aldehydes and Ketones - University of Nebraska Omaha

... and cyanide nucleophiles. ...
BioN02 Introduction to organic chemistry Summer 2014
BioN02 Introduction to organic chemistry Summer 2014

... double bond is used as the double bond locator. If more than one double bond is present the compound is named as a diene, triene or equivalent prefix indicating the number of double bonds, and each double bond is assigned a locator number In cycloalkenes (or cycloalkynes) the double bond carbons are ...
Exam 3 Key - Chemistry
Exam 3 Key - Chemistry

... 8. (3) The carboxylic acid proton appears in its NMR spectrum at about: a) 7-8  b) 1-2  c) 3-4  d) 8-9  e) 11-12  9. (3) If the position for an aldehyde C=O str. in the IR spectrum is 1715cm-1 then a ketone C=O str. would be about: a) 1725 cm-1 b) 1785 cm-1 c) 1560 cm-1 d) 1705 cm-1 e) 1715 cm ...
Mechanism
Mechanism

... The Baylis–Hillman reaction is an organic reaction of an aldehyde and an α,β-unsaturated electron-withdrawing group catalyzed by DABCO (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) to give an allylic alcohol. This reaction is also known as the Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction or MBH reaction. It is named for the Ja ...
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Document

... formation of carbocation intermediates: ...
notes 11/28/16 Monday
notes 11/28/16 Monday

... laboratory synthesis, however, dehydrogenation is not practical, and cost is not as large a factor as it would be in industry. Most labs would have chromium trioxide or sodium dichromate available, and the chromic acid oxidation would be simple. PCC and the Swern oxidation would also work, although ...
revised hydrocarbons alkenes cycloalkenes
revised hydrocarbons alkenes cycloalkenes

... The double bond geometry of alkenes is typical of that found in ethene. Each of the double bonded carbon atom is Sp2 hybridized, molecular geometry of which requires it to have trigonal planar geometry i.e. all the atoms surrounding each carbon atom lie in the same plane with bond angles approximati ...
AROMATIC CHEMISTRY
AROMATIC CHEMISTRY

... This enthalpy change, which involves the reduction of two double bonds, is as expected, approximately twice the enthalpy change observed for the reduction of one double bond. Therefore, if the hypothetical molecule, cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene were to be reduced to cyclohexane, the expected enthalpy chan ...
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File

... (i) The alkoxy group activates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution and (ii) It directs the incoming substituents to ortho and para positions in benzene ring. ...
Chapter 7 Notes - Alcohols, Ethers, Thiols Functional groups alcohol
Chapter 7 Notes - Alcohols, Ethers, Thiols Functional groups alcohol

... favored by relatively stable carbocation (3°) halide substitution (SN2 mechanism) MeOH + HBr --> MeOH2+ + Br- --> MeBr + H2O concerted displacement of H2O by Br- (unstable carbocation) ...
Nucleophilic
Nucleophilic

... formation must involve both reactants and explain the stereospecificity . ...
Level 3: Organics Part I
Level 3: Organics Part I

... Soaps are the sodium salts of fatty acids (long chain acids). These salts are soluble in water as they are ionised, but they have a carbon chain end that is soluble in fats and oils. This allows them to dissolve and break down dirt. Sodium laurate is the name of the soap molecule made from coconut o ...
Article Summaries
Article Summaries

... One of the major downsides to the original Shilov reaction is the fact that it uses platinum consumptively. The goal of this set of experiments was to determine if a non-consumptive pathway was possible. The scorpionate ligands Tp’ (hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate) and Tp (hydridotris(pyrazol ...
Alkene - Synthesis
Alkene - Synthesis

... E1 Dehydrohalogenation  2° or 3° alkyl halides  requires a good ionizing solvent: alcohol or water.  no strong nucleophile or base  Rearrangements can occur. ...
1 Chapter 8: Nucleophilic Substitution 8.1: Functional Group
1 Chapter 8: Nucleophilic Substitution 8.1: Functional Group

... formation must involve both reactants and explain the stereospecificity . ...
Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate from Acetic Anhydride
Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate from Acetic Anhydride

... To a reaction tube add 540 mg of benzyl alcohol and 510 mg of acetic anhydride and a boiling chip. Attach the empty distilling column as an air condenser. Reflux the resulting mixture for 1 h or more, then cool it to room temperature. Add 1 mL of ether (use the wet ether found in a supply bottle in ...
Answers
Answers

... learned? Compare and contrast them. A condensation reaction is a reaction that results in the loss of a small molecule such as water after the addition of a nucleophile under certain conditions. Two types of condensation reaction that we have learned are 1) imine formation, and 2) acetal formation. ...
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Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement



The Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement (TDR) is the chemical reaction of a 1-aminomethyl-cycloalkanol with nitrous acid to form an enlarged cycloketone.The Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion, Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement, or TDR, provides an easy way to increase amino-substituted cycloalkanes and cycloalkanols in size by one carbon. Ring sizes from cyclopropane through cyclooctane are able to undergo Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion with some degree of success. Yields decrease as initial ring size increases, and the ideal use of TDR is for synthesis of five, six, and seven membered rings. A principal synthetic application of Tiffeneau–Demjanov ring expansion is to bicyclic or polycyclic systems. Several reviews on this reaction have been published.
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