Propolis (bee glue): an unusual mordant for gilding in Italian
... hive product containing material collected by bees from buds or other plant exudates, volatile substances and beeswax. It is used by bees as a sealant and to protect the nest against microorganisms. Both Aristotle and Pliny give accounts of propolis – mentioning its medicinal properties. Interest in ...
... hive product containing material collected by bees from buds or other plant exudates, volatile substances and beeswax. It is used by bees as a sealant and to protect the nest against microorganisms. Both Aristotle and Pliny give accounts of propolis – mentioning its medicinal properties. Interest in ...
Chapter 21 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
... Naming Amides • For 1 amide, drop -ic or -oic acid from the carboxylic acid name, add -amide. • For 2 and 3 amides, the alkyl groups bonded to nitrogen are named with Nto indicate their position. O CH3 CH3CHC N ...
... Naming Amides • For 1 amide, drop -ic or -oic acid from the carboxylic acid name, add -amide. • For 2 and 3 amides, the alkyl groups bonded to nitrogen are named with Nto indicate their position. O CH3 CH3CHC N ...
Organic Chemistry 145 CHEM
... - Bromine adds as follows; In the first step, the addition occurs mainly trans. ...
... - Bromine adds as follows; In the first step, the addition occurs mainly trans. ...
Learning Guide for Chapter 9 - Alkyl Halides I
... Review the steps for naming a compound using IUPAC rules. 1) choose the main chain or ring 1st priority - longest 2nd priority - most subst 1st priority - first subst, then 2nd, etc 2nd priority - alphabet 3) name and order substituents 2) number the chain or ring ...
... Review the steps for naming a compound using IUPAC rules. 1) choose the main chain or ring 1st priority - longest 2nd priority - most subst 1st priority - first subst, then 2nd, etc 2nd priority - alphabet 3) name and order substituents 2) number the chain or ring ...
Isomerism Powerpoint presentation
... There are two structural isomers of C4H10. One is a straight chain molecule where all the carbon atoms are in a single row. The other is a branched molecule where three carbon atoms are in a row and one carbon atom sticks out of the main chain. ...
... There are two structural isomers of C4H10. One is a straight chain molecule where all the carbon atoms are in a single row. The other is a branched molecule where three carbon atoms are in a row and one carbon atom sticks out of the main chain. ...
Chapter 13 – Organic Chemistry
... A skeletal structure does not show carbon or hydrogen atoms explicitly, nor does it show the C–H bonds. The positions of the carbon atoms in a skeletal structure are indicated by the ends and intersections of lines. Thus, the structure of propane shows three carbon atoms: one at each end and one at ...
... A skeletal structure does not show carbon or hydrogen atoms explicitly, nor does it show the C–H bonds. The positions of the carbon atoms in a skeletal structure are indicated by the ends and intersections of lines. Thus, the structure of propane shows three carbon atoms: one at each end and one at ...
- Sacramento - California State University
... 1. Scheme 1: Synthesis of hydroxamic acid ligands for epoxidations in water.............. 14 2. Scheme 2: Synthesis and diastereomeric resolution of Mosher’s carboxylate ........... 22 3. Scheme 3: Analysis of solvent and epoxidation ......................................................... 27 4. Sc ...
... 1. Scheme 1: Synthesis of hydroxamic acid ligands for epoxidations in water.............. 14 2. Scheme 2: Synthesis and diastereomeric resolution of Mosher’s carboxylate ........... 22 3. Scheme 3: Analysis of solvent and epoxidation ......................................................... 27 4. Sc ...
Review Sheet - Evergreen Archives
... Be able to explain why cholesterol is so important to the human body. Know the names of the human sex hormones. Be able to explain how female sex hormones are manipulated with birth control pills. Be able to explain how and why, chemically, ovulation occurs. Be able to explain how female sex hormone ...
... Be able to explain why cholesterol is so important to the human body. Know the names of the human sex hormones. Be able to explain how female sex hormones are manipulated with birth control pills. Be able to explain how and why, chemically, ovulation occurs. Be able to explain how female sex hormone ...
Introduction to Organic Synthesis 2011
... Nucleophiles can be either negatively charged, such as RO-, or neutral, but possessing a per of electron in a high energy filled orbital. The most common types of nucleophiles have non-bonding lone pair of electrons, and they usually placed on heteroatoms such as O, N, S or P. Cyanide is a good anio ...
... Nucleophiles can be either negatively charged, such as RO-, or neutral, but possessing a per of electron in a high energy filled orbital. The most common types of nucleophiles have non-bonding lone pair of electrons, and they usually placed on heteroatoms such as O, N, S or P. Cyanide is a good anio ...
Ch14_PT MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best
... hydroxyl group, which is the reason for the interaction with the polar water molecules, becomes less important as the size of the nonpolar hydrocarbon portion of the molecule increases. 45) B 46) B 47) D 48) A 49) E 50) B 51) A 52) D 53) B 54) E 55) E 56) B 57) A 58) A 59) C 60) A 61) The inorganic ...
... hydroxyl group, which is the reason for the interaction with the polar water molecules, becomes less important as the size of the nonpolar hydrocarbon portion of the molecule increases. 45) B 46) B 47) D 48) A 49) E 50) B 51) A 52) D 53) B 54) E 55) E 56) B 57) A 58) A 59) C 60) A 61) The inorganic ...
chapter 8-carboxyl compounds
... • The solubility of carboxylic acids in non-polar solvents such as hexane increases as the carbon chain gets longer. δ+ ...
... • The solubility of carboxylic acids in non-polar solvents such as hexane increases as the carbon chain gets longer. δ+ ...
ALDOL CONDENSATION
... Like the aldol addition, the Michael reaction may proceed via an enol, silyl enol ether in the Mukaiyama‐Michael addition, or more usually, enolate nucleophile. In the latter case, the stabilized carbonyl compound is deprotonated with a strong base (hard enolization) or with a Lewis acid and a ...
... Like the aldol addition, the Michael reaction may proceed via an enol, silyl enol ether in the Mukaiyama‐Michael addition, or more usually, enolate nucleophile. In the latter case, the stabilized carbonyl compound is deprotonated with a strong base (hard enolization) or with a Lewis acid and a ...
CH 3
... butyl groups. There are four types of butyl groups each with a different combination of carbon chain and bonding point. The first one is a straight chain with an H missing from the end and is called a normal butyl group (or n-butyl group). The next one is iso-butyl (usually spelled isobutyl). It has ...
... butyl groups. There are four types of butyl groups each with a different combination of carbon chain and bonding point. The first one is a straight chain with an H missing from the end and is called a normal butyl group (or n-butyl group). The next one is iso-butyl (usually spelled isobutyl). It has ...
HL Option G Organic Chemistry
... The methyl group in methylbenzene has a positive inductive effect (i.e. it pushes electrons towards the ring rather than pulling electrons from it). Methylbenzene is thus more reactive to electrophiles, and CH3 is known as an activating group. NO2, as learned earlier, pulls electrons towards it, ...
... The methyl group in methylbenzene has a positive inductive effect (i.e. it pushes electrons towards the ring rather than pulling electrons from it). Methylbenzene is thus more reactive to electrophiles, and CH3 is known as an activating group. NO2, as learned earlier, pulls electrons towards it, ...
Dehydration of n-propanol and methanol to produce
... Abstract: An ether is an organic compound that consists of an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. In this work, we investigate the bimolecular dehydration of two alcohols, n-propanol and methanol with catalysts that are used in transesterification. Experiments were carried out to evaluat ...
... Abstract: An ether is an organic compound that consists of an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. In this work, we investigate the bimolecular dehydration of two alcohols, n-propanol and methanol with catalysts that are used in transesterification. Experiments were carried out to evaluat ...
Chemguide – answers ALCOHOLS: DEHYDRATION
... (You might have drawn these the other way around, of course, with the CH3 group on the left of the molecule and the CH3CH2 on the right. As long as you have the two isomers each with a hydrogen and methyl group on one carbon, and a hydrogen and ethyl group on the other, that’s fine. There are no oth ...
... (You might have drawn these the other way around, of course, with the CH3 group on the left of the molecule and the CH3CH2 on the right. As long as you have the two isomers each with a hydrogen and methyl group on one carbon, and a hydrogen and ethyl group on the other, that’s fine. There are no oth ...
examination paper - University of Calgary
... A The reaction of t-butanol with a solution of zinc chloride in HCl (Lucas reagent) is too slow and the rate determining step is the coordination of the zinc chloride to the hydroxyl group. B Zinc chloride is a Lewis base. Its function is to interact with the hydroxyl group of the alcohol. C The Luc ...
... A The reaction of t-butanol with a solution of zinc chloride in HCl (Lucas reagent) is too slow and the rate determining step is the coordination of the zinc chloride to the hydroxyl group. B Zinc chloride is a Lewis base. Its function is to interact with the hydroxyl group of the alcohol. C The Luc ...
Alcohol
In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a saturated carbon atom. The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethyl alcohol (ethanol), the predominant alcohol in alcoholic beverages.The suffix -ol appears in the IUPAC chemical name of all substances where the hydroxyl group is the functional group with the highest priority; in substances where a higher priority group is present the prefix hydroxy- will appear in the IUPAC name. The suffix -ol in non-systematic names (such as paracetamol or cholesterol) also typically indicates that the substance includes a hydroxyl functional group and, so, can be termed an alcohol. But many substances, particularly sugars (examples glucose and sucrose) contain hydroxyl functional groups without using the suffix. An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest members is the saturated straight chain alcohols, the general formula for which is CnH2n+1OH.