• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
3.9alcohol rxns
3.9alcohol rxns

... Oxidation of Alcohols The reactions of alcohols have a central role in organic chemistry because alcohols can be converted to many of the other functional groups. Reduction is • a gain of electrons • a less positive oxidation number • a gain of hydrogen atoms • the loss of oxygen atoms • the loss o ...
Chemistry 35 - Science-with
Chemistry 35 - Science-with

... Alcohols are more soluble in water. However, as the hydrocarbon chains get longer, the polarity decreases so the solubility in water also decreases (i.e. methanol is completely soluble in water but octanol is barely soluble in water). ...
organometallic reagents
organometallic reagents

... preferable to a linear synthesis. ...
7. Alkenes: Reactions and Synthesis
7. Alkenes: Reactions and Synthesis

... as the electrophile) to give a 1,2-halo alcohol, called a halohydrin  The actual reagent is the dihalogen (Br2 or Cl2 in water or in an organic solvent) ...
Review and New - ChemConnections
Review and New - ChemConnections

Versatile Cooperative Ligand Effects in Group 9 Transition Metal
Versatile Cooperative Ligand Effects in Group 9 Transition Metal

... Chemical production helps to sustain the modern society by providing people with energy, medicine and materials. Catalysis plays a central role in chemical processes, as it serves to provide costefficient, “green” and selective pathways for otherwise highly energy-consuming, environmentallyhazardous ...
Reactions of esters:
Reactions of esters:

... Nitrogen containing, heterocyclic amine rings occur in both proteins and nucleic acids. Those in nucleic acids involve either the pyramidine ring or the purine ring system. N-H group in amine can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds. But they make weaker hydrogen bonds compared to alcohol because N ...
Chem 231 Exam #1 Study Guide
Chem 231 Exam #1 Study Guide

... Know how to draw (without models) different conformations of ethane and butane (eclipsed, staggered) and predict their energies Know how to draw Newman projections as well as wedge and dash drawings Know how to draw (without models) different conformations of cyclohexane Be able to distinguish betwe ...
Lecture 3
Lecture 3

... access dissolved Fe from the FeL1 complex, resulting in excess L1 between dissolved Fe and L1 ligand concentrations in samples with intermediate dissolved Fe, and this is a seemingly ubiquitous feature of dissolved Fe cycling in the marine environment.” ...
Background Information
Background Information

... chromium trioxide (CrO3) in sulfuric acid (H2SO4). It is a potent oxidizing agent which rapidly oxidizes primary alcohols and aldehydes to carboxylic acids, and secondary alcohols to ketones. Alcohols react with the yellow-orange Jones reagent containing a Cr (VI) atom. Over the course of the organi ...
Chapter 18 - Aldehydes and Ketones
Chapter 18 - Aldehydes and Ketones

... replacing some hydrogen atoms by alkoxy groups. In such cases, the reagent is not active enough to reduce the intermediate, and the aldehyde is obtained. ...
4 - Ms McRae`s Science
4 - Ms McRae`s Science

... a)yes bec an increase in the temperature of the HCl will increase the velocity of the reactant particles which will increase the number of collisions AND increase the number of effective collisions i.e. ones that have sufficient energy (activation energy) to react b) skipping this one for now until ...
5-3 - U of L Class Index
5-3 - U of L Class Index

MS PowerPoint - Catalysis Eprints database
MS PowerPoint - Catalysis Eprints database

...  MoO3 supported on -Al2O3 is active in the transesterification of sunflower oil with alcohols  MoO3 loading and calcination temperature affect the activity of the catalyst; activity increases with Mo-loading, but goes through a maximum at a calcination temperature of 950K.  The reasons for the g ...
alkenes - Knockhardy
alkenes - Knockhardy

Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry

... being broken in the rate determining step. Since the C - H bond is broken at a faster rate than the C - D bond. Therefore, CH3CH2I loses HI faster than CD3CH2I loses DI. This is called isotopic effect. Q5. P-dihalobenzene have higher melting points and lower. Solubilities than those of their 0 - and ...
OrganicChem10 RxPaths SOLUTIONS (2014)
OrganicChem10 RxPaths SOLUTIONS (2014)

Chapter23
Chapter23

Functional Groups
Functional Groups

... A given functional group undergoes the same types of chemical reactions in every molecule in which it is found. Therefore, compounds that contain the same functional group can be classified together. The general formula for a class of organic compounds consists of the functional group and the letter ...
Organic and Biochemical Compounds
Organic and Biochemical Compounds

... covalent bonds • Methane- CH4 has only C-H bonds • Ethane- C2H6 has a C-C bond in addition to six C-H bonds • Propane-C3H8 has 3 bonded carbon atoms, each carbon forms three bonds with three hydrogen atoms ...
Calculating Percent Yield
Calculating Percent Yield

... Organic reactions typically do not give 100% yields, meaning all of the starting material does not get converted to the product. The percent of starting material that is converted to product in a chemical reaction is referred to as the percent yield. The percent yield can be calculated if the follow ...
Topic 3 – Chemical Structure and Bonding
Topic 3 – Chemical Structure and Bonding

Total marks available
Total marks available

401_2007_organic che..
401_2007_organic che..

... complainants to the Justice Dept. in the US v. Ethyl antitrust lawsuit of 1936, which Ethyl lost in a Supreme Court decision in 1940. (Nebraska Historical Society) ...
Group B_reaction of alkynes
Group B_reaction of alkynes

...  Boron-containing group is replaced by OH grouphydroboration-oxidation produces aldehyde ...
< 1 ... 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 ... 359 >

Hydroformylation



Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report