AQA A2 CHEMISTRY TRANSITION METALS BOOKLET OF PAST
... Predict, with a reason in each case, whether or not vanadium(IV) chloride would react with hexane or with ethanol. Prediction for hexane ....................................................................................... Reason .................................................................... ...
... Predict, with a reason in each case, whether or not vanadium(IV) chloride would react with hexane or with ethanol. Prediction for hexane ....................................................................................... Reason .................................................................... ...
SAMPLE PAPER -2 Time Allowed: 3 Hrs
... (iv) KMnO4-OH OR K2Cr2O7-H (b) (i) Chloroacetic acid is more acidic than acetic acid. When an chlorine atom, which is an electron withdrawing group is present in the chain attached to a carboxyl group, it exerts -I effect and withdraws electrons from the carbon of the carboxyl group as well as from ...
... (iv) KMnO4-OH OR K2Cr2O7-H (b) (i) Chloroacetic acid is more acidic than acetic acid. When an chlorine atom, which is an electron withdrawing group is present in the chain attached to a carboxyl group, it exerts -I effect and withdraws electrons from the carbon of the carboxyl group as well as from ...
Chapter 19. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
... addition forming the conjugate acid of C=O Addition yields a hydroxy ether, called a hemiacetal (reversible); further reaction can occur Protonation of the –OH and loss of water leads to an oxonium ion, R2C=OR+ to which a second alcohol adds to form the acetal ...
... addition forming the conjugate acid of C=O Addition yields a hydroxy ether, called a hemiacetal (reversible); further reaction can occur Protonation of the –OH and loss of water leads to an oxonium ion, R2C=OR+ to which a second alcohol adds to form the acetal ...
Activity 19: Creating New Materials
... • In this activity you will start with the polymer known as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and see how its properties change when it is mixed and reacts chemically with another compound, to ...
... • In this activity you will start with the polymer known as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and see how its properties change when it is mixed and reacts chemically with another compound, to ...
Organic Chemistry Lecture Outline Carbonyl
... NOMENCLATURE OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES IUPAC The parent of an aldehyde or ketone is the longest, continuous carbon chain that contains the carbonyl carbon of the functional group. The parent name reflects the total number of carbon atoms in the chain (2 carbons = ethan, 3 carbons = propan, etc..). Th ...
... NOMENCLATURE OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES IUPAC The parent of an aldehyde or ketone is the longest, continuous carbon chain that contains the carbonyl carbon of the functional group. The parent name reflects the total number of carbon atoms in the chain (2 carbons = ethan, 3 carbons = propan, etc..). Th ...
Chpt. 22: Some Families of Organic Compounds
... • This solubility is possible because hydrogen bonding occurs between the alcohol molecules and the water molecules. • It is impossible to separate ethanol from water by distillation gives a mixture called 95% ethanol thus to obtain an absolute alcohol sample water must be removed using a chemical d ...
... • This solubility is possible because hydrogen bonding occurs between the alcohol molecules and the water molecules. • It is impossible to separate ethanol from water by distillation gives a mixture called 95% ethanol thus to obtain an absolute alcohol sample water must be removed using a chemical d ...
GCE A level 1095/01 CHEMISTRY CH5
... Dinitrogen monoxide, N2O This gas was one of the first gaseous compounds to be identified and is probably one of the best known of the oxides of nitrogen. Commonly called ‘laughing gas’, due to the behaviour of those exposed to the gas, this oxide has since been used as an anaesthetic. It was initia ...
... Dinitrogen monoxide, N2O This gas was one of the first gaseous compounds to be identified and is probably one of the best known of the oxides of nitrogen. Commonly called ‘laughing gas’, due to the behaviour of those exposed to the gas, this oxide has since been used as an anaesthetic. It was initia ...
Lecture 1 Handout - Imperial College London
... 1. Use simple MO theory to explain how a carbon-carbon p-cloud bonds to a metal. 2. To list methods used to synthesise metal complexes of alkenes and polyenes, and metal-carbon multiple bonds. 3. To describe typical reactions of these complexes. 4. To appreciate how polyene ligands may respond to th ...
... 1. Use simple MO theory to explain how a carbon-carbon p-cloud bonds to a metal. 2. To list methods used to synthesise metal complexes of alkenes and polyenes, and metal-carbon multiple bonds. 3. To describe typical reactions of these complexes. 4. To appreciate how polyene ligands may respond to th ...
Document
... Carbohydrate, lipids and proteins and nucleic acids are three major groups of organic chemicals that make up cells in organisms. They are responsible for everything from the storage of energy to support structures within a cell system. The chemical elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulf ...
... Carbohydrate, lipids and proteins and nucleic acids are three major groups of organic chemicals that make up cells in organisms. They are responsible for everything from the storage of energy to support structures within a cell system. The chemical elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulf ...
1. Summarize the philosophies of vitalism and
... a functional group that consists of a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, which in turn is bonded to a carbon it is polar & water soluble organic compounds with these are alcohols ...
... a functional group that consists of a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom, which in turn is bonded to a carbon it is polar & water soluble organic compounds with these are alcohols ...
Introductory Chemistry: Concepts & Connections 4th Edition
... alkane by changing the -ane ending to a -ol suffix. – For example, CH3CH2OH is ethanol Chapter 19 ...
... alkane by changing the -ane ending to a -ol suffix. – For example, CH3CH2OH is ethanol Chapter 19 ...
CHM230 OXIDATION OF CYCLOHEXANOL TO CYCLOHEXANONE
... acid. Cool the mixture in an ice bath to as close to 0o C as possible. 2. Add 35 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution to a glass fitted separatory funnel and attach it to the round bottom flask. (note, use a claisen adaptor to your round bottom flask). Position the thermometer so it is immersed but is ...
... acid. Cool the mixture in an ice bath to as close to 0o C as possible. 2. Add 35 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution to a glass fitted separatory funnel and attach it to the round bottom flask. (note, use a claisen adaptor to your round bottom flask). Position the thermometer so it is immersed but is ...
2016 - Specimen Paper 2 - Cambridge International Examinations
... 12 20 cm3 of ethyne, C2H2, are reacted with 500 cm3 of oxygen. The equation for the reaction is 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) ...
... 12 20 cm3 of ethyne, C2H2, are reacted with 500 cm3 of oxygen. The equation for the reaction is 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) ...
BSc-Chemistry-II
... CH-203 Physical Chemistry – II UNIT I Thermodynamics – I First Law of Thermodynamics: statement, definition of internal energy and enthalpy. Joule-Thomson Effect, Joule-Thomson coefficient and inversion temperature. Calculation of w, q, dU & dH for the expansion of ideal gases under isothermal and a ...
... CH-203 Physical Chemistry – II UNIT I Thermodynamics – I First Law of Thermodynamics: statement, definition of internal energy and enthalpy. Joule-Thomson Effect, Joule-Thomson coefficient and inversion temperature. Calculation of w, q, dU & dH for the expansion of ideal gases under isothermal and a ...
CHEMISTRY 1710 - Practice Exam #2
... _____17. Which of the following substances (with specific heat capacity provided) would show the greatest temperature change upon absorbing 100.0 J of heat? A) 10.0 g Fe, CFe = 0.449 J/g°C B) 10.0 g H2O, CH2O = 4.18 J/g°C C) 10.0 g ethanol, Cethanol = 2.42 J/g°C D) 10.0 g Au, CAu = 0.128 J/g°C ____ ...
... _____17. Which of the following substances (with specific heat capacity provided) would show the greatest temperature change upon absorbing 100.0 J of heat? A) 10.0 g Fe, CFe = 0.449 J/g°C B) 10.0 g H2O, CH2O = 4.18 J/g°C C) 10.0 g ethanol, Cethanol = 2.42 J/g°C D) 10.0 g Au, CAu = 0.128 J/g°C ____ ...
Liquid-gas phase-boundary catalytic system
... heterogeneous catalysts in the liquid-liquid phase boundary [7-18]. In this catalytic reaction system, the catalyst was placed at the liquid-liquid phase boundary between aqueous hydrogen peroxide and water-immiscible organic phases and act as an efficient catalyst for epoxidation reaction. In this ...
... heterogeneous catalysts in the liquid-liquid phase boundary [7-18]. In this catalytic reaction system, the catalyst was placed at the liquid-liquid phase boundary between aqueous hydrogen peroxide and water-immiscible organic phases and act as an efficient catalyst for epoxidation reaction. In this ...
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Nicotinamide Cobalt (II) Complexes
... Nicotinamide (NA) is one form of niacin. A deficiency of this vitamin leads to loss of copper from the body, known as pellagra disease. Victims of pellagra show unusually high serum and urinary copper levels (1). The nicotinic acid derivative N,N-diethylnicotinamide (DENA) is an important respirator ...
... Nicotinamide (NA) is one form of niacin. A deficiency of this vitamin leads to loss of copper from the body, known as pellagra disease. Victims of pellagra show unusually high serum and urinary copper levels (1). The nicotinic acid derivative N,N-diethylnicotinamide (DENA) is an important respirator ...
Experiment 7 – Dehydration of Methylcyclohexanols
... product. The regiospecificity of the reaction is dependent on Zaitsev’s rule, where the major product tends to be the more substituted alkene. When two different products are possible, these products are constitutional isomers of each other or in this case can be referred to as regioisomers. The typ ...
... product. The regiospecificity of the reaction is dependent on Zaitsev’s rule, where the major product tends to be the more substituted alkene. When two different products are possible, these products are constitutional isomers of each other or in this case can be referred to as regioisomers. The typ ...
Chap20 Grignard reagents
... BH 3 : Adds to alkenes and alkynes (reducing them) With the CBS Catalyst, reduces ketones to alcohols, enantioselectively Selectively reduces carboxylic acids to alcohols (Does react with esters) NaBH 4 : Reduces aldehydes, acid chlorides, and ketones to the corresponding alcohol (reduces esters ver ...
... BH 3 : Adds to alkenes and alkynes (reducing them) With the CBS Catalyst, reduces ketones to alcohols, enantioselectively Selectively reduces carboxylic acids to alcohols (Does react with esters) NaBH 4 : Reduces aldehydes, acid chlorides, and ketones to the corresponding alcohol (reduces esters ver ...
Chapter #21 Notes
... Alkyl halides are organic compounds in which one or more halogens atoms. 1. Name the parent compound. Locate the longest continuous chain that contains the halogen. 2. Number the parent carbon chain. # the C’s so that the SUM of the halogen #’s is as low as possible. 3. Insert position numbers. 4. P ...
... Alkyl halides are organic compounds in which one or more halogens atoms. 1. Name the parent compound. Locate the longest continuous chain that contains the halogen. 2. Number the parent carbon chain. # the C’s so that the SUM of the halogen #’s is as low as possible. 3. Insert position numbers. 4. P ...
Hydroformylation
Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.