AS Definitions
... o functional group isomers have different functional groups o chain isomers have a different arrangement of the hydrocarbon chain, e.g. branching stereoisomerism – see Unit 2.15 Alkenes The formula giving the numbers of atoms of each different element tin a molecule of the compound e.g. butan-2-ol ...
... o functional group isomers have different functional groups o chain isomers have a different arrangement of the hydrocarbon chain, e.g. branching stereoisomerism – see Unit 2.15 Alkenes The formula giving the numbers of atoms of each different element tin a molecule of the compound e.g. butan-2-ol ...
synthesis and potentiometric analysis of - G
... by M.I. Kabachnik and Н.М. Dyatlova et al. on an example of compounds which structure includes PO3N2 and РО2Н2 groups as fragments: completely phosphorylated derivatives of amines, complexones combining two types of complexing groupings: both phosphonic and carboxylic, oxyethyl or mercaptoethyl ones ...
... by M.I. Kabachnik and Н.М. Dyatlova et al. on an example of compounds which structure includes PO3N2 and РО2Н2 groups as fragments: completely phosphorylated derivatives of amines, complexones combining two types of complexing groupings: both phosphonic and carboxylic, oxyethyl or mercaptoethyl ones ...
Slide 1
... 3) p-MO’s of cyclic conjugated ligands For qualitative analysis of bonding between transition metals and p-electron donors such as organic compounds with C=C bonds it is necessary to know how the ligand p-MO’s look like. Frost diagrams allow establish the shape, degeneracy and the energy sequence o ...
... 3) p-MO’s of cyclic conjugated ligands For qualitative analysis of bonding between transition metals and p-electron donors such as organic compounds with C=C bonds it is necessary to know how the ligand p-MO’s look like. Frost diagrams allow establish the shape, degeneracy and the energy sequence o ...
131 Learning Objectives
... Name organic compounds with carbon-heteroatom single bonds (oxygen, halogens, sulfur) Identify 1°, 2°, 3° alcohols and alkyl halides Predict the products or reactants for following reactions: Alcohol dehydration Alcohol oxidation Sulfur oxidation Sulfur reduction Chapter 15: The 3-D Shape of M ...
... Name organic compounds with carbon-heteroatom single bonds (oxygen, halogens, sulfur) Identify 1°, 2°, 3° alcohols and alkyl halides Predict the products or reactants for following reactions: Alcohol dehydration Alcohol oxidation Sulfur oxidation Sulfur reduction Chapter 15: The 3-D Shape of M ...
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
... • Low boiling points, usually volatile liquids (combustible/explosive) • Have pleasant odours and tastes • Used as perfumes and artificial flavours ...
... • Low boiling points, usually volatile liquids (combustible/explosive) • Have pleasant odours and tastes • Used as perfumes and artificial flavours ...
CARBONYL COMPOUNDS - NUCLEOPHILIC ADDITION
... This Powerpoint show is one of several produced to help students understand selected topics at AS and A2 level Chemistry. It is based on the requirements of the AQA and OCR specifications but is suitable for other examination boards. Individual students may use the material at home for revision purp ...
... This Powerpoint show is one of several produced to help students understand selected topics at AS and A2 level Chemistry. It is based on the requirements of the AQA and OCR specifications but is suitable for other examination boards. Individual students may use the material at home for revision purp ...
Curriculum Project
... a. C6H14 make at least 2 isomers, same chemical formula but different structural formula. Name each of the isomers. b. C6H12 make at least 2 isomers, same chemical formula but different structural formula. Name each of the isomers. c. C6H10 using either two double or a triple bonds make at least 2 i ...
... a. C6H14 make at least 2 isomers, same chemical formula but different structural formula. Name each of the isomers. b. C6H12 make at least 2 isomers, same chemical formula but different structural formula. Name each of the isomers. c. C6H10 using either two double or a triple bonds make at least 2 i ...
Topic 3 – Chemical Structure and Bonding
... The rules for naming organic compounds were devised by IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). They are as follows. 1) The functional group gives the ending of the name e.g. –ol for an alcohol 2) The number of carbons gives the first part of the name e.g. prop- or propan- for 3 ca ...
... The rules for naming organic compounds were devised by IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). They are as follows. 1) The functional group gives the ending of the name e.g. –ol for an alcohol 2) The number of carbons gives the first part of the name e.g. prop- or propan- for 3 ca ...
Atomic combinations: Electronegativity and ionic
... You will remember that when atoms bond, electrons are either shared or they are transferred between the atoms that are bonding. In covalent bonding, electrons are shared between the atoms. There is another type of bonding, where electrons are transferred from one atom to another. This is called ioni ...
... You will remember that when atoms bond, electrons are either shared or they are transferred between the atoms that are bonding. In covalent bonding, electrons are shared between the atoms. There is another type of bonding, where electrons are transferred from one atom to another. This is called ioni ...
CHEMISTRY 1000 - U of L Class Index
... Oxidation states are used as a means to track the movement of electrons in a reaction. An atom’s oxidation state is the charge it would have if all bonds in the molecule were 100% ionic (except bonds between atoms of the same element). To determine oxidation states for atoms in a molecule or ion: ...
... Oxidation states are used as a means to track the movement of electrons in a reaction. An atom’s oxidation state is the charge it would have if all bonds in the molecule were 100% ionic (except bonds between atoms of the same element). To determine oxidation states for atoms in a molecule or ion: ...
Organic Chemistry
... – The ground state electron configuration of C is [He]2s22p2; the formation of carbon ions is therefore energetically unfavorable. – C has an electronegativity of 2.5, which is midway between that of most metals and nonmetals. C prefers to share electrons. ...
... – The ground state electron configuration of C is [He]2s22p2; the formation of carbon ions is therefore energetically unfavorable. – C has an electronegativity of 2.5, which is midway between that of most metals and nonmetals. C prefers to share electrons. ...
coordination chemistry relevant to biological systems and material
... 3) Carbon Dioxide Fixation Recently, we have been involved in synthesize a series of polynuclear metal(II) complexes that efficiently can fix the atmospheric CO 2 from the air and convert it into carbonate that bridges several metal ions. Hopefully, that these compounds can serve as green chlorophyl ...
... 3) Carbon Dioxide Fixation Recently, we have been involved in synthesize a series of polynuclear metal(II) complexes that efficiently can fix the atmospheric CO 2 from the air and convert it into carbonate that bridges several metal ions. Hopefully, that these compounds can serve as green chlorophyl ...
Lecture 5: Biotrans_detox_biodegrade_lecture
... 5.) Phase I biotransformations (a.) occur mostly in the liver (b.) mediated by MFOs called cytochromes P450 (c.) occur in endoplasmic reticulum (liver microsomes) (d.) mechanism (e.) very broad range of substrates accomodated -- aliphatic hydroxylation -- aromatic hydroxylation -- aliphatic epoxida ...
... 5.) Phase I biotransformations (a.) occur mostly in the liver (b.) mediated by MFOs called cytochromes P450 (c.) occur in endoplasmic reticulum (liver microsomes) (d.) mechanism (e.) very broad range of substrates accomodated -- aliphatic hydroxylation -- aromatic hydroxylation -- aliphatic epoxida ...
![LC Chem Notes Organic Chemistry [PDF Document]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016025300_1-c73b23b1fa546a54a727ea311be04e3f-300x300.png)
LC Chem Notes Organic Chemistry [PDF Document]
... Note: When there is a double or triple bond the compound must be named so it describes where the bond is. To do this, count along the carbons until you reach the carbon with the bond after it from both right to left and left to right and use whichever direction gives you a lower number. You then mus ...
... Note: When there is a double or triple bond the compound must be named so it describes where the bond is. To do this, count along the carbons until you reach the carbon with the bond after it from both right to left and left to right and use whichever direction gives you a lower number. You then mus ...
ch15
... – The ground state electron configuration of C is [He]2s22p2; the formation of carbon ions is therefore energetically unfavorable. – C has an electronegativity of 2.5, which is midway between that of most metals and nonmetals. C prefers to share electrons. ...
... – The ground state electron configuration of C is [He]2s22p2; the formation of carbon ions is therefore energetically unfavorable. – C has an electronegativity of 2.5, which is midway between that of most metals and nonmetals. C prefers to share electrons. ...
Chapter 7 - Alkenes and Alkynes I less substituted alkene due to
... - Carrying out dehydrohalogenations with a bulky base, such as tert-butxide, favors the formation of the less substituted alkene due to sterics - When an elimination yields the less substituted alkene, it follows the Hofmann Rule - The anticoplanar transition state is preferred, but the syn coplanar ...
... - Carrying out dehydrohalogenations with a bulky base, such as tert-butxide, favors the formation of the less substituted alkene due to sterics - When an elimination yields the less substituted alkene, it follows the Hofmann Rule - The anticoplanar transition state is preferred, but the syn coplanar ...
File
... C-C-C angles would be those of a regular hexagon, 120°—quite a bit larger than the normal tetrahedral angle (109.5°). The resulting strain prevents cyclohexane from being planar (flat). Its most favored conformation is the chair conformation, an arrangement in which all of the C-C-C angles are 109.5 ...
... C-C-C angles would be those of a regular hexagon, 120°—quite a bit larger than the normal tetrahedral angle (109.5°). The resulting strain prevents cyclohexane from being planar (flat). Its most favored conformation is the chair conformation, an arrangement in which all of the C-C-C angles are 109.5 ...
STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 4 1. Functional Groups – these are
... every time when a compound has only one type of hydrogens. But if there are several types, then several products would be expected. As it turns out, the outcome is not statistical, i.e. the amounts of products are not determined by the number of available sites for substitution. Rather, it depends o ...
... every time when a compound has only one type of hydrogens. But if there are several types, then several products would be expected. As it turns out, the outcome is not statistical, i.e. the amounts of products are not determined by the number of available sites for substitution. Rather, it depends o ...
Lecture 3 Polar and non-polar covalent bonds
... The three major types of bonding found in most compounds are ionic, polar covalent, and nonpolar covalent bonds. • An ionic bond is the transfer of electrons. • A covalent bond is the sharing of electrons. • A polar covalent bond is between atoms of different electronegativity. • A nonpolar covalent ...
... The three major types of bonding found in most compounds are ionic, polar covalent, and nonpolar covalent bonds. • An ionic bond is the transfer of electrons. • A covalent bond is the sharing of electrons. • A polar covalent bond is between atoms of different electronegativity. • A nonpolar covalent ...
Survival Organic Laboratory
... manipulating molecular models helps their understanding of the spatial relationships of atoms in molecules. Using computer graphics will also provide a new way to view and manipulate molecular models. Finally, a simple understanding of organic compounds early in the semester will provide you with st ...
... manipulating molecular models helps their understanding of the spatial relationships of atoms in molecules. Using computer graphics will also provide a new way to view and manipulate molecular models. Finally, a simple understanding of organic compounds early in the semester will provide you with st ...
COLOUR
... moves to right and the compounds are less thermodynamically stable. This causes loss of color and browning. ...
... moves to right and the compounds are less thermodynamically stable. This causes loss of color and browning. ...
lesson 5
... understand how atoms link up to form compounds. Not all atoms form compounds. Only atoms that have outer shells that are not full form compounds. The elements of Group 18 have complete outer shells. These atoms usually do not form compounds. All other atoms have outer shells that are not full. All o ...
... understand how atoms link up to form compounds. Not all atoms form compounds. Only atoms that have outer shells that are not full form compounds. The elements of Group 18 have complete outer shells. These atoms usually do not form compounds. All other atoms have outer shells that are not full. All o ...
Biochemistry Name: Questions Thompson
... reaction D) destruction of the enzyme 30. The enzyme salivary amylase will act on starch, but not on protein. This action illustrates that salivary amylase A) B) C) D) ...
... reaction D) destruction of the enzyme 30. The enzyme salivary amylase will act on starch, but not on protein. This action illustrates that salivary amylase A) B) C) D) ...
Homoaromaticity
Homoaromaticity in organic chemistry refers to a special case of aromaticity in which conjugation is interrupted by a single sp3 hybridized carbon atom. Although this sp3 center disrupts the continuous overlap of p-orbitals, traditionally thought to be a requirement for aromaticity, considerable thermodynamic stability and many of the spectroscopic, magnetic, and chemical properties associated with aromatic compounds are still observed for such compounds. This formal discontinuity is apparently bridged by p-orbital overlap, maintaining a contiguous cycle of π electrons that is responsible for this preserved chemical stability.The concept of homoaromaticity was pioneered by Saul Winstein in 1959, prompted by his studies of the “tris-homocyclopropenyl” cation. Since the publication of Winstein's paper, much research has been devoted to understanding and classifying these molecules, which represent an additional “class” of aromatic molecules included under the continuously broadening definition of aromaticity. To date, homoaromatic compounds are known to exist as cationic and anionic species, and some studies support the existence of neutral homoaromatic molecules, though these are less common. The 'homotropylium' cation (C8H9+) is perhaps the best studied example of a homoaromatic compound.