Organic Chemistry - City University of New York
... electrons are delocalized and the most stable one of its hypothetical contributing structures in which electrons are localized on particular atoms and in particular bonds. • One way to estimate the resonance energy of benzene is to compare the heats of hydrogenation of benzene and cyclohexene. ...
... electrons are delocalized and the most stable one of its hypothetical contributing structures in which electrons are localized on particular atoms and in particular bonds. • One way to estimate the resonance energy of benzene is to compare the heats of hydrogenation of benzene and cyclohexene. ...
BiochemistryMolecules
... CH3CHO (Acetaldehyde – the stuff hangovers are made of) – the two carbons are linked together. The 2nd carbon is bonded to the H and O. CH3CO2H (you know it as the “vinegary taste) – The 2nd carbon has both oxygens bonded to it. 2. Each of the structures below show a building block of a biological p ...
... CH3CHO (Acetaldehyde – the stuff hangovers are made of) – the two carbons are linked together. The 2nd carbon is bonded to the H and O. CH3CO2H (you know it as the “vinegary taste) – The 2nd carbon has both oxygens bonded to it. 2. Each of the structures below show a building block of a biological p ...
Slide 1
... NaCl (Symbol) • To write the symbol use the crisscross method to cancel the charges. • Ex: ...
... NaCl (Symbol) • To write the symbol use the crisscross method to cancel the charges. • Ex: ...
Chapter 1: Chemistry and You
... 2014-2015 HONORS Chemistry Midterm Review This review sheet is a list of topics and sample practice problems only. The practice problems are good representation of what to expect on the midterm, but it is not enough to just study from the review. You need to look over your notes, old review sheets, ...
... 2014-2015 HONORS Chemistry Midterm Review This review sheet is a list of topics and sample practice problems only. The practice problems are good representation of what to expect on the midterm, but it is not enough to just study from the review. You need to look over your notes, old review sheets, ...
Organic Nomenclature - Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes
... An aldehyde is an organic molecule that has an oxygen atom doubly bonded to the terminal carbon of the backbone/parent carbon chain. An aldehyde is named with the -al ending. Since the CHO must be on the terminal #1 carbon atom, the position of the CHO is not specified in the name. Example 2: Name t ...
... An aldehyde is an organic molecule that has an oxygen atom doubly bonded to the terminal carbon of the backbone/parent carbon chain. An aldehyde is named with the -al ending. Since the CHO must be on the terminal #1 carbon atom, the position of the CHO is not specified in the name. Example 2: Name t ...
AQA Core Science Final Test - Atoms and Chemical equations
... 1. Which one best describes a molecule? (circle the correct answer) A. B. C. D. ...
... 1. Which one best describes a molecule? (circle the correct answer) A. B. C. D. ...
Carbon and its Compounds
... Formation of covalent bond : Covalent bond formation involves sharing of electrons between bonding atoms which may be either same or different. Covalency : The number of electrons contributed by an atom for sharing is known as its covalency. Characteristics of covalent compounds : (i) These compound ...
... Formation of covalent bond : Covalent bond formation involves sharing of electrons between bonding atoms which may be either same or different. Covalency : The number of electrons contributed by an atom for sharing is known as its covalency. Characteristics of covalent compounds : (i) These compound ...
3.2-3.3 GN
... Why is there an enormous variety of Organic Compounds? Carbon’s tendency to __________________________________________________________ III. Functional Groups A. Atoms or clusters of atoms that are covalently bonded to ___________________________ B. Give organic compounds their different properties e ...
... Why is there an enormous variety of Organic Compounds? Carbon’s tendency to __________________________________________________________ III. Functional Groups A. Atoms or clusters of atoms that are covalently bonded to ___________________________ B. Give organic compounds their different properties e ...
CHAPTER 25 - CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS
... Living or was once living Organic Chemistry - The chemistry of carbon compounds Carbon is well suited for life because it is the most versatile element in terms of bonding. ...
... Living or was once living Organic Chemistry - The chemistry of carbon compounds Carbon is well suited for life because it is the most versatile element in terms of bonding. ...
Document
... chain. The introduction of an alkyl group, R, using a chloroalkane. Typical of arenes. Neither contains the pharmacophore nor induces a change in the receptor site. Not produced by the body. An organic molecule containing a carbon atom with a + charge. Intermediates in the electrophilic addition rea ...
... chain. The introduction of an alkyl group, R, using a chloroalkane. Typical of arenes. Neither contains the pharmacophore nor induces a change in the receptor site. Not produced by the body. An organic molecule containing a carbon atom with a + charge. Intermediates in the electrophilic addition rea ...
Functional Groups - SISIBChemistry2012
... - Give the name of each alkyl group in alphabetical order followed by the word ether. ...
... - Give the name of each alkyl group in alphabetical order followed by the word ether. ...
View PDF
... Protons, neutrons – in nucleus (densely packed) Electrons – surrounding nucleus in orbitals/clouds Protons: + Electrons: Neutrons: neutral ...
... Protons, neutrons – in nucleus (densely packed) Electrons – surrounding nucleus in orbitals/clouds Protons: + Electrons: Neutrons: neutral ...
Types of Bonding Summary
... hold ions in place throughout the crystal (resists boiling/melting) Moving ions out of position required overcoming the forces (sample resists being dented or cracked) If enough pressure is applied to overcome the attractions, ion of like charges are brought close together; their repulsions crack th ...
... hold ions in place throughout the crystal (resists boiling/melting) Moving ions out of position required overcoming the forces (sample resists being dented or cracked) If enough pressure is applied to overcome the attractions, ion of like charges are brought close together; their repulsions crack th ...
Chapter 5 Notes: The Structure of Matter
... Crystal lattice structure: alternating positive and ...
... Crystal lattice structure: alternating positive and ...
Chapter One
... a C-H combustion train to produce 0.3509 g of CO2 and 0.1915 g of H2O. Determine the masses of C and H in the sample, the percentage of these elements in this hydrocarbon, and the empirical formula of the compound. ...
... a C-H combustion train to produce 0.3509 g of CO2 and 0.1915 g of H2O. Determine the masses of C and H in the sample, the percentage of these elements in this hydrocarbon, and the empirical formula of the compound. ...
Organic Chemistry
... compounds that have carboxylic acid groups in which the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group has been replaced by an alkyl group Name alkyl group closest to oxygen then name other alkyl group with –oate ending ...
... compounds that have carboxylic acid groups in which the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group has been replaced by an alkyl group Name alkyl group closest to oxygen then name other alkyl group with –oate ending ...
document
... breaks down into its parts. 2. Ion C B. A bond that is formed by sharing electrons. 3. Charge D C. A charged atom. D. The number of electrons an 4. Covalent Bond B element is willing to gain, lose, or share to form compounds. 5. Ionic Bond I E. States that all elements want either a full outer shell ...
... breaks down into its parts. 2. Ion C B. A bond that is formed by sharing electrons. 3. Charge D C. A charged atom. D. The number of electrons an 4. Covalent Bond B element is willing to gain, lose, or share to form compounds. 5. Ionic Bond I E. States that all elements want either a full outer shell ...
Science 9
... What are the properties of ionic compounds? (list 2 properties, and what ionic compounds are made of) ...
... What are the properties of ionic compounds? (list 2 properties, and what ionic compounds are made of) ...
System International Base Units
... When doing electron configurations for ions, subtract the charge of the ion to its atomic number to get the number of electrons needed for the electron configuration. You should notice the electron configuration of group A ions are always the same as their nearest noble gas o Example: Write the elec ...
... When doing electron configurations for ions, subtract the charge of the ion to its atomic number to get the number of electrons needed for the electron configuration. You should notice the electron configuration of group A ions are always the same as their nearest noble gas o Example: Write the elec ...
9/13/2016 Nomenclature (Naming) Rules IUPAC has designed a
... chain) that have additional branching. While there are some common names for 3- or 4carbon complex side chains (e.g. Isobutyl), IUPAC has a systematic way of naming these groups as well. Basically, you follow similar rules as naming, but do it on a sub-part of the molecule. The main difference is th ...
... chain) that have additional branching. While there are some common names for 3- or 4carbon complex side chains (e.g. Isobutyl), IUPAC has a systematic way of naming these groups as well. Basically, you follow similar rules as naming, but do it on a sub-part of the molecule. The main difference is th ...
Organic Chemistry - Centennial College Libraries
... Carboxylic acids are compounds that contain the carboxyl group –COOH. Esters are compounds that contain –COO – between two alkyl groups. They are formed from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Amides are compounds that contain the H2NCOO— group. They are formed from ammonia and carboxylic ...
... Carboxylic acids are compounds that contain the carboxyl group –COOH. Esters are compounds that contain –COO – between two alkyl groups. They are formed from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Amides are compounds that contain the H2NCOO— group. They are formed from ammonia and carboxylic ...
No Slide Title
... • Because electrons are equally shared with all the bonds of benzene, they are much less reactive. • Decreased reactivity means more stability of aromatic compounds. • Many compounds in tobacco smoke contain two or more benzene rings attached to each other. ...
... • Because electrons are equally shared with all the bonds of benzene, they are much less reactive. • Decreased reactivity means more stability of aromatic compounds. • Many compounds in tobacco smoke contain two or more benzene rings attached to each other. ...
Chapter 16
... Aromatic rings are inert to catalytic hydrogenation under conditions that reduce alkene double bonds Can selectively reduce an alkene double bond in the presence of an aromatic ring Reduction of an aromatic ring requires more powerful ...
... Aromatic rings are inert to catalytic hydrogenation under conditions that reduce alkene double bonds Can selectively reduce an alkene double bond in the presence of an aromatic ring Reduction of an aromatic ring requires more powerful ...
Homoaromaticity
Homoaromaticity in organic chemistry refers to a special case of aromaticity in which conjugation is interrupted by a single sp3 hybridized carbon atom. Although this sp3 center disrupts the continuous overlap of p-orbitals, traditionally thought to be a requirement for aromaticity, considerable thermodynamic stability and many of the spectroscopic, magnetic, and chemical properties associated with aromatic compounds are still observed for such compounds. This formal discontinuity is apparently bridged by p-orbital overlap, maintaining a contiguous cycle of π electrons that is responsible for this preserved chemical stability.The concept of homoaromaticity was pioneered by Saul Winstein in 1959, prompted by his studies of the “tris-homocyclopropenyl” cation. Since the publication of Winstein's paper, much research has been devoted to understanding and classifying these molecules, which represent an additional “class” of aromatic molecules included under the continuously broadening definition of aromaticity. To date, homoaromatic compounds are known to exist as cationic and anionic species, and some studies support the existence of neutral homoaromatic molecules, though these are less common. The 'homotropylium' cation (C8H9+) is perhaps the best studied example of a homoaromatic compound.