Thermochemistry
... Cp is the amount of heat needed to change a unit mass of material by a unit temperature change. It is called the specific heat capacity. Most commonly the units are J/gC° or J/mole C°. The value of Cp changes from one phase to another and from one substance to another. The subscript p refers to the ...
... Cp is the amount of heat needed to change a unit mass of material by a unit temperature change. It is called the specific heat capacity. Most commonly the units are J/gC° or J/mole C°. The value of Cp changes from one phase to another and from one substance to another. The subscript p refers to the ...
Chapter 8 Thermochemistry
... Use table 8.3 to obtain heats of formations for CO2 and H2O, calculate the heat of formation of benzene, C6H6. ΔH0 = 6 ΔH0fCO2(g) + 3 ΔH0f H2O(g)- ΔH0f C6H6(l) -3267.41 KJ= 6 mol (-393.5 KJ/mol) + 3mol (-285.8 KJ/mol) –( 1 mol Δ H0f C6H6(l)) ΔH0f C6H6(l) = 49.0 KJ/mol ...
... Use table 8.3 to obtain heats of formations for CO2 and H2O, calculate the heat of formation of benzene, C6H6. ΔH0 = 6 ΔH0fCO2(g) + 3 ΔH0f H2O(g)- ΔH0f C6H6(l) -3267.41 KJ= 6 mol (-393.5 KJ/mol) + 3mol (-285.8 KJ/mol) –( 1 mol Δ H0f C6H6(l)) ΔH0f C6H6(l) = 49.0 KJ/mol ...
Thermochemistry
... E.g.2 When 2.00 g of ethanol was burned, all of the reaction energy was used to heat water in a calorimeter. Determine H for the reaction if the temperature of 200.0 g of water increased from 25.0°C to 89.0°C. • Heat capacity of a whole calorimeter is used for complicated calorimeters such as the b ...
... E.g.2 When 2.00 g of ethanol was burned, all of the reaction energy was used to heat water in a calorimeter. Determine H for the reaction if the temperature of 200.0 g of water increased from 25.0°C to 89.0°C. • Heat capacity of a whole calorimeter is used for complicated calorimeters such as the b ...
Equivalence of Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements
... •The surroundings have expended work on the gas and absorbed the heat released by the gas to bring the system (gas) to its initial state. • The heat released cannot be returned completely as work to the surroundings (a single thermal reservoir), since , any cyclic device that does the same will viol ...
... •The surroundings have expended work on the gas and absorbed the heat released by the gas to bring the system (gas) to its initial state. • The heat released cannot be returned completely as work to the surroundings (a single thermal reservoir), since , any cyclic device that does the same will viol ...
Objectives Recognize that a system can absorb or release energy
... o No cyclic process that converts heat entirely into work is possible. As seen in the last section, ______________________________________________________________. According to the second law of thermodynamics, W can never be equal to Qh in a cyclic process. In other words, some energy must always b ...
... o No cyclic process that converts heat entirely into work is possible. As seen in the last section, ______________________________________________________________. According to the second law of thermodynamics, W can never be equal to Qh in a cyclic process. In other words, some energy must always b ...
2. Laws of thermodynamics
... directions with a _________________________ in straight lines until they collide with each other or the container walls. b. The average separation of molecules is much greater than the size of each molecule. c. The molecules obey the laws of classical mechanics, and they interact only when they coll ...
... directions with a _________________________ in straight lines until they collide with each other or the container walls. b. The average separation of molecules is much greater than the size of each molecule. c. The molecules obey the laws of classical mechanics, and they interact only when they coll ...
mass transfer
... Mass transfer specifically refers to the relative motion of species in a mixture due to concentration gradients. In many technical applications, heat transfer processes occur simultaneously with mass transfer processes. The present module discusses these transfer mechanisms. Since the principles of ...
... Mass transfer specifically refers to the relative motion of species in a mixture due to concentration gradients. In many technical applications, heat transfer processes occur simultaneously with mass transfer processes. The present module discusses these transfer mechanisms. Since the principles of ...
Chapter 6 Thermodynamics and the Equations of Motion
... Chapter 6 Thermodynamics and the Equations of Motion 6.1 The first law of thermodynamics for a fluid and the equation of state. We noted in chapter 4 that the full formulation of the equations of motion required additional information to deal with the state variables density and pressure and that we ...
... Chapter 6 Thermodynamics and the Equations of Motion 6.1 The first law of thermodynamics for a fluid and the equation of state. We noted in chapter 4 that the full formulation of the equations of motion required additional information to deal with the state variables density and pressure and that we ...
Chemistry 30 Notes - Heat of Formation February 2nd
... We know from the question that 297 kJ of energy is released for 1 mole of SO2 — the definition of heat of formation. Determine how much energy will be released for 0.390 mol of SO2: kJ released = (0.39 mol)(-297 kJ/mol) = - 116 kJ Heat of Formation Turn now to a special type of chemical reaction, on ...
... We know from the question that 297 kJ of energy is released for 1 mole of SO2 — the definition of heat of formation. Determine how much energy will be released for 0.390 mol of SO2: kJ released = (0.39 mol)(-297 kJ/mol) = - 116 kJ Heat of Formation Turn now to a special type of chemical reaction, on ...
Thermo chemistry Dealing with
... measured according to the quantities changed. Like other quantities, energy is an extensive property, unlike temperature. Heat is energy in transfer or energy transferred and heat is often used as another term for energy. In this aspect, it is the quantity of energy transferred or involved. ...
... measured according to the quantities changed. Like other quantities, energy is an extensive property, unlike temperature. Heat is energy in transfer or energy transferred and heat is often used as another term for energy. In this aspect, it is the quantity of energy transferred or involved. ...
Systems and Surroundings
... The external pressure can be changed in many ways. Each way will involve a different amount of work. We shall look at two ways, each of which has its own formula for calculating the work. 1) Constant external pressure, Pex This is path B in the diagram below. In a first step, the volume is held cons ...
... The external pressure can be changed in many ways. Each way will involve a different amount of work. We shall look at two ways, each of which has its own formula for calculating the work. 1) Constant external pressure, Pex This is path B in the diagram below. In a first step, the volume is held cons ...
Document
... at a temperature of T0=3120C until it comes to thermal equilibrium. The cube is then dropped quickly into an insulated beaker(烧杯) containing a quantity of water of mass mw=220 g. The heat capacity of the beaker alone is Cb=190 J/K. Initially the water and the beaker are at a temperature of Ti=12.00c ...
... at a temperature of T0=3120C until it comes to thermal equilibrium. The cube is then dropped quickly into an insulated beaker(烧杯) containing a quantity of water of mass mw=220 g. The heat capacity of the beaker alone is Cb=190 J/K. Initially the water and the beaker are at a temperature of Ti=12.00c ...
Heat capacity - Department of Chemistry and Physics
... substance to over come molecular interactions Solid-liquid: molecules in a solid when heated move about vigorously enough to break solid-solid molecular interactions to become a liquid ...
... substance to over come molecular interactions Solid-liquid: molecules in a solid when heated move about vigorously enough to break solid-solid molecular interactions to become a liquid ...
3. Basics of Heat Transfer
... heat transfer processes are called modes. These modes are shown in Figure 3.1. When a temperature gradient exists in a stationary medium, which may be a solid or a fluid, heat flows under the law of conduction heat transfer. On the other hand if the temperature gradient exists between a surface and ...
... heat transfer processes are called modes. These modes are shown in Figure 3.1. When a temperature gradient exists in a stationary medium, which may be a solid or a fluid, heat flows under the law of conduction heat transfer. On the other hand if the temperature gradient exists between a surface and ...
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation FOURTH EDITION by Steven
... • Physical Changes are changes to matter that do not result in a change the fundamental components that make that substance – State Changes – boiling, melting, condensing ...
... • Physical Changes are changes to matter that do not result in a change the fundamental components that make that substance – State Changes – boiling, melting, condensing ...
Chapter 6
... which is appropriate for dry air. The constant R is the gas constant and is a property of the material that must be specified. For air (from Batchelor) ...
... which is appropriate for dry air. The constant R is the gas constant and is a property of the material that must be specified. For air (from Batchelor) ...
Heat transfer
Heat transfer is the exchange of thermal energy between physical systems, depending on the temperature and pressure, by dissipating heat. The fundamental modes of heat transfer are conduction or diffusion, convection and radiation.Heat transfer always occurs from a region of high temperature to another region of lower temperature. Heat transfer changes the internal energy of both systems involved according to the First Law of Thermodynamics. The Second Law of Thermodynamics defines the concept of thermodynamic entropy, by measurable heat transfer.Thermal equilibrium is reached when all involved bodies and the surroundings reach the same temperature. Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature.