Excitatory Cerebellar Nucleocortical Circuit Provides Internal
... anterior IpN, a region connected with cerebellar modules negative for marker Zebrin II (Sugihara, 2011; Voogd and Glickstein, 1998). In line with the eyeblink regions identified in rabbit (Attwell et al., 1999; Mostofi et al., 2010), we observed that nucleocortical MFs of these animals were found pr ...
... anterior IpN, a region connected with cerebellar modules negative for marker Zebrin II (Sugihara, 2011; Voogd and Glickstein, 1998). In line with the eyeblink regions identified in rabbit (Attwell et al., 1999; Mostofi et al., 2010), we observed that nucleocortical MFs of these animals were found pr ...
PDF file
... “imitation game,” now called the Turing Test, to test it. The Turing Test had greatly influenced the modern day AI research that followed [2]. Not until the 1980’s had the importance of embodiment received sufficient recognition in the AI community. The behavior-based approach, popularized by Rodney ...
... “imitation game,” now called the Turing Test, to test it. The Turing Test had greatly influenced the modern day AI research that followed [2]. Not until the 1980’s had the importance of embodiment received sufficient recognition in the AI community. The behavior-based approach, popularized by Rodney ...
BRAIN Response inhibition and serotonin in autism: depletion
... 2002; Langen et al., 2011), there are preliminary functional neuroimaging reports that individuals with ASD have significant differences from control subjects in serotonin synthesis (Chugani et al., 1997); as well as reductions in serotonin-2A receptor and serotonin transporter binding in brain regi ...
... 2002; Langen et al., 2011), there are preliminary functional neuroimaging reports that individuals with ASD have significant differences from control subjects in serotonin synthesis (Chugani et al., 1997); as well as reductions in serotonin-2A receptor and serotonin transporter binding in brain regi ...
Column-Based Model of Electric Field Excitation of Cerebral Cortex
... isotropically distributed horizontal fibers cannot explain the observed orientation effect. Both, however, accepted Day et al.’s [1989] hypothesis of selective activation of the nearest cortical surface (gyral crowns). They were obligated, therefore, to posit some mechanism for the orientation select ...
... isotropically distributed horizontal fibers cannot explain the observed orientation effect. Both, however, accepted Day et al.’s [1989] hypothesis of selective activation of the nearest cortical surface (gyral crowns). They were obligated, therefore, to posit some mechanism for the orientation select ...
The Neural Architecture Underlying Habit Learning: An Evolving
... When I began to study the brain, as a student in the late 1960's, there was enormous excitement about work on the neocortex. Surely this was the organ of thought and creativity, the organ underlying our ability to see and hear and feel, our ability to act deliberatively, to do mathematics. And, buil ...
... When I began to study the brain, as a student in the late 1960's, there was enormous excitement about work on the neocortex. Surely this was the organ of thought and creativity, the organ underlying our ability to see and hear and feel, our ability to act deliberatively, to do mathematics. And, buil ...
mwr-paper.pdf
... “natural” form (e.g., geographical data or text given in natural language). In general, a formal abstraction of the domain being modeled is created which is simple enough to be processed on a computer, but still produces an adequate model of the original information. By evaluating the shortcomings o ...
... “natural” form (e.g., geographical data or text given in natural language). In general, a formal abstraction of the domain being modeled is created which is simple enough to be processed on a computer, but still produces an adequate model of the original information. By evaluating the shortcomings o ...
Cortical Connectivity Suggests a Role in Limb
... postcentral convexity as well as the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Modern neuroanatomical methods have allowed the identification of various areas within this region. In the present study, we investigated the corticocortical afferent projections of one of these subdivisions, area PE. Our ...
... postcentral convexity as well as the medial bank of the intraparietal sulcus. Modern neuroanatomical methods have allowed the identification of various areas within this region. In the present study, we investigated the corticocortical afferent projections of one of these subdivisions, area PE. Our ...
Full Text - The British Journal of Psychiatry
... to a poorer functional4 and clinical5–8 outcome. Yet, no previous study has explicitly examined the functional relationship between memory encoding and outcome. A better understanding of this relationship could help improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia9,10 and aid in the ...
... to a poorer functional4 and clinical5–8 outcome. Yet, no previous study has explicitly examined the functional relationship between memory encoding and outcome. A better understanding of this relationship could help improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia9,10 and aid in the ...
Alcoholism - Boston University Medical Campus
... cerebral hemispheres is important because, although both cerebral hemispheres contain EROS circuitry, their specific functions may be lateralized to reflect differential hemispheric sensitivities to stimulus materials (e.g., linguistic vs. visuospatial) and task demands (e.g., attention, perception, m ...
... cerebral hemispheres is important because, although both cerebral hemispheres contain EROS circuitry, their specific functions may be lateralized to reflect differential hemispheric sensitivities to stimulus materials (e.g., linguistic vs. visuospatial) and task demands (e.g., attention, perception, m ...
Distinct Mechanisms for Processing Spatial Sequences and Pitch
... Figure 2. Statistical parametric maps for contrasts of interest (group data). a, SPMs are shown as “glass brain” projections in sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. b, SPMs have been rendered on the group mean structural MRI brain image, normalized to the MNI standard sterotactic space (Evans et al. ...
... Figure 2. Statistical parametric maps for contrasts of interest (group data). a, SPMs are shown as “glass brain” projections in sagittal, coronal, and axial planes. b, SPMs have been rendered on the group mean structural MRI brain image, normalized to the MNI standard sterotactic space (Evans et al. ...
Précis of The Brain and Emotion
... appear to have been reconnected (compared to rodents) to place much more emphasis on cortical processing, taking place in areas such as the orbitofrontal cortex (see Chapter 2). The principle of the stage of sensory processing at which reward value is extracted and made explicit in the representatio ...
... appear to have been reconnected (compared to rodents) to place much more emphasis on cortical processing, taking place in areas such as the orbitofrontal cortex (see Chapter 2). The principle of the stage of sensory processing at which reward value is extracted and made explicit in the representatio ...
Current BCI Platforms
... peripheral nerves and muscles and could therefore serves as the basis for a BCI ...
... peripheral nerves and muscles and could therefore serves as the basis for a BCI ...
NeuralNets
... Ai is high, Bi is low if Ci is above threshold Bi is high, Ai is low if Ci is below threshold ...
... Ai is high, Bi is low if Ci is above threshold Bi is high, Ai is low if Ci is below threshold ...
a.Nerve Regeneration
... • If damage to a neuron occurs to the axon and the cell body remains intact, cut or compressed axons can regenerate: – Post-trauma axon regrowth is never exactly the same as what existed before the injury – Much of the functional recovery after nerve injury involves retraining the nervous system to ...
... • If damage to a neuron occurs to the axon and the cell body remains intact, cut or compressed axons can regenerate: – Post-trauma axon regrowth is never exactly the same as what existed before the injury – Much of the functional recovery after nerve injury involves retraining the nervous system to ...
The Neural Basis of Human Error Processing: Reinforcement
... deflection in the ongoing electroencephalogram (EEG) seen when human participants commit errors in a wide variety of psychological tasks. The ERN appears to be generated in the anterior cingulate cortex. On the other hand, other researchers have argued that the mesencephalic dopamine system conveys ...
... deflection in the ongoing electroencephalogram (EEG) seen when human participants commit errors in a wide variety of psychological tasks. The ERN appears to be generated in the anterior cingulate cortex. On the other hand, other researchers have argued that the mesencephalic dopamine system conveys ...
plexus injury after spinal cord implantation of avulsed ventral roots
... the spinal cord were encouraging.156 In rats and cats motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord reinnervated ventral root implants after an avulsion of ventral roots at the spinal cord surface.' 6 Reinnervation of the implanted ventral root was achieved after an initial growth of new axons in the CNS. ...
... the spinal cord were encouraging.156 In rats and cats motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord reinnervated ventral root implants after an avulsion of ventral roots at the spinal cord surface.' 6 Reinnervation of the implanted ventral root was achieved after an initial growth of new axons in the CNS. ...
Insular cortex – review
... Perceiving your own body state and being emotionally aware of processes occurring in order to maintain your inner balance is very important from the aspect of social interactions as well. That is because we recognize the same subjective feeling states we once experienced in others. It is a basis in ...
... Perceiving your own body state and being emotionally aware of processes occurring in order to maintain your inner balance is very important from the aspect of social interactions as well. That is because we recognize the same subjective feeling states we once experienced in others. It is a basis in ...
Improving Adjustable Autonomy Strategies for Time
... believes that the decision will result in substantial decrease in average reward for the team. The agent may determine this by factoring in its detailed local information when predicting the results of implementing the human decision. (vi) Human decision consistent (Hdc) - The human has made a decis ...
... believes that the decision will result in substantial decrease in average reward for the team. The agent may determine this by factoring in its detailed local information when predicting the results of implementing the human decision. (vi) Human decision consistent (Hdc) - The human has made a decis ...
Accelerating axonal growth promotes motor
... transduced (Figure 2B), indicating effective knockdown. However, the knockdown resulted in an accelerated loss of the transduced DRG neurons (Supplemental Figure 1B), in keeping with its survival function (ref. 14 and Supplemental Figure 1B). To overcome this, we knocked down mHsp25 in DRG neurons f ...
... transduced (Figure 2B), indicating effective knockdown. However, the knockdown resulted in an accelerated loss of the transduced DRG neurons (Supplemental Figure 1B), in keeping with its survival function (ref. 14 and Supplemental Figure 1B). To overcome this, we knocked down mHsp25 in DRG neurons f ...
Blockade of Central Cholinergic Receptors Impairs New Learning
... cholinergic suppression should enhance the excitatory feedback, and should thereby increase proactive interference caused by previously encoded information (Hasselmo et al., 1996; Hasselmo & Wyble, 1997). In previous studies of olfactory processing in rats, blockade of cholinergic receptors by scopo ...
... cholinergic suppression should enhance the excitatory feedback, and should thereby increase proactive interference caused by previously encoded information (Hasselmo et al., 1996; Hasselmo & Wyble, 1997). In previous studies of olfactory processing in rats, blockade of cholinergic receptors by scopo ...
Blockade of Central Cholinergic Receptors Impairs New Learning and
... cholinergic suppression should enhance the excitatory feedback, and should thereby increase proactive interference caused by previously encoded information (Hasselmo et al., 1996; Hasselmo & Wyble, 1997). In previous studies of olfactory processing in rats, blockade of cholinergic receptors by scopo ...
... cholinergic suppression should enhance the excitatory feedback, and should thereby increase proactive interference caused by previously encoded information (Hasselmo et al., 1996; Hasselmo & Wyble, 1997). In previous studies of olfactory processing in rats, blockade of cholinergic receptors by scopo ...
Paper Title - Natural Language Server, Jožef Stefan Institute
... Due to the obvious drawbacks of scripted responses, developers and researchers kept adding new functionalities to the existing ways how chatbots works, converging mostly to the use some sort of ontologies and remembering facts from the conversation. While these improvements made chatbots much more s ...
... Due to the obvious drawbacks of scripted responses, developers and researchers kept adding new functionalities to the existing ways how chatbots works, converging mostly to the use some sort of ontologies and remembering facts from the conversation. While these improvements made chatbots much more s ...
An Integrate-and-fire Model of Prefrontal Cortex Neuronal Activity during Performance of Goal-directed
... 1998), so we will commonly refer to sensory information from the environment as ‘state’. We will refer to motor output as ‘actions’ and to the desired goal as ‘reward’. However, this model does not focus on the temporal difference learning rule (Sutton, 1988), a rule that uses the difference between ...
... 1998), so we will commonly refer to sensory information from the environment as ‘state’. We will refer to motor output as ‘actions’ and to the desired goal as ‘reward’. However, this model does not focus on the temporal difference learning rule (Sutton, 1988), a rule that uses the difference between ...
Cross-Modal Transfer of Information between the Tactile
... The psychophysical testing showed that there is a linear relationship between presented and chosen stimulus, regardless of the modalities, as shown by the linear regression curves. The direction of cross-modal information transfer (i.e., tactile to visual vs visual to tactile) had no influence on th ...
... The psychophysical testing showed that there is a linear relationship between presented and chosen stimulus, regardless of the modalities, as shown by the linear regression curves. The direction of cross-modal information transfer (i.e., tactile to visual vs visual to tactile) had no influence on th ...