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The cerebrocerebellar system: anatomic substrates of the cerebellar
The cerebrocerebellar system: anatomic substrates of the cerebellar

... cerebellar involvement in cognitive operations. ...
Lecture Notes V - Stanford University
Lecture Notes V - Stanford University

... access to direct object expression in applicatives – Dik’s generalization re likelihood NPs with particular roles are subjects or objects. W HY ? Perhaps, recipients are ranked above benefactives because recipients, but not benefactives, are arguments of their verb and, hence, more likely to become ...
Purves ch. 8 + Kandel ch. 23 - Weizmann Institute of Science
Purves ch. 8 + Kandel ch. 23 - Weizmann Institute of Science

... The long axis of the corpuscle is usually oriented parallel to the stretch lines in skin; thus, Ruffini’s corpuscles are particularly sensitive to the cutaneous stretching produced by digit or limb movements. They account for about 20% of the receptors in the human hand and do not elicit any particu ...
CORTICAL AFFERENT INPUT TO THE PRINCIPALS REGION OF THE RHESUS MONKEY  H.
CORTICAL AFFERENT INPUT TO THE PRINCIPALS REGION OF THE RHESUS MONKEY H.

... There were differences in the distribution of cells projecting to the five principalis sites. These differences were most marked with respect to the relative proportion of labeled cells in visual, auditory, somatosensory, premotor and limbic cortical areas projecting to each site. The only site with ...
Quantity and Three-Dimensional Position of the Recurrent and
Quantity and Three-Dimensional Position of the Recurrent and

... Germany), the RLN was identified in the tracheoesophageal groove and isolated from its surrounding structures. The SLN was identified as it coursed horizontally to the cricothyroid muscle. Depending on the experimental condition, the RLN, the SLN, or both the RLN and SLN were sharply transected. The ...
Neural correlates of positive and negative performance feedback in
Neural correlates of positive and negative performance feedback in

... whereas no areas were more strongly activated during negative feedback than during positive (e.g., [9-11]). On the other hand, Aron et al. [1] reported stronger midbrain activation during negative feedback than during positive, whereas positive feedback did not yield stronger activation than negativ ...
Multiple routes to memory: Distinct medial
Multiple routes to memory: Distinct medial

... determined by using a sequencing program designed to maximize the efficiency of the event-related design (50). Conditions were ‘‘jittered’’ by using variable duration (2–18 s) fixation null events. Subsequent recognition memory for studied items and recollection of the source (Image or Read) associa ...
Automatic conversion of sentence-end expressions for utterance
Automatic conversion of sentence-end expressions for utterance

... who used the corresponding expressions. Then, to extract characteristic sentence-end expressions, the numbers of authors who used each expression are compared. For example, when extracting expressions that are characteristic of female authors, the number of female and male authors who used the expre ...
Chapter 18
Chapter 18

... i. The gray matter in the spinal cord promotes homeostasis by serving as the integrating center for spinal reflexes (the brain stem is the integrating center for cranial reflexes). ii. Reflexes are fast, predictable, automatic responses to changes in the environment that help maintain homeostasis: a ...
lecture 12 - McLoon Lab - University of Minnesota
lecture 12 - McLoon Lab - University of Minnesota

... • These axons synapse in nucleus gracilis (from lower body) and nucleus cuneatus (from upper body) in the medulla. • Axons from these nuclei cross the medulla and ascend to thalamus. ...
Introduction to Psychology
Introduction to Psychology

... The next time you are in a market that sells beef brains, stop and have a look. What you will see is similar to your own brain, only smaller. How could such a squishy little blob of tissue allow us to become neuroscientists? To make music of exquisite beauty? To seek a cure for cancer? To fall in lo ...
rene-witte.net - Semantic Scholar
rene-witte.net - Semantic Scholar

... parser to group the statements of the newspaper articles according to common topics. To process these predicate-argument structures using fuzzy set theory later on, we need to consider a few constraints: The basic set for fuzzy operations to work on has to be limited to statements dealing with the s ...
On the computational architecture of the neocortex
On the computational architecture of the neocortex

... hooked together in ever larger configurations and still function, with ever increasing subtlety, to both analyze sensory input and organize motor actions. Even in producing the most remarkable achievement of the brain - language - the areas of the brain involved have used the identical structure. Th ...
[pdf]
[pdf]

... the prefrontal-parietal network. Thus, as chunking of stimuli in a given domain becomes automatized through practice—as might be the case in domains of expertise—the role of the prefrontalparietal network will be decreased. For the sake of clarity, we will refer to such automatized chunking as “patt ...
On the computational architecture of the neocortex
On the computational architecture of the neocortex

... hooked together in ever larger configurations and still function, with ever increasing subtlety, to both analyze sensory input and organize motor actions. Even in producing the most remarkable achievement of the brain - language - the areas of the brain involved have used the identical structure. Th ...
Age-related changes in processing speed: unique contributions of
Age-related changes in processing speed: unique contributions of

... A large number of cognitive processes are involved in processing speed tasks. Processing speed was operationally defined in this study as (1) perceptual and motor processing speed using tasks that place limited demands on working memory and inhibition of responses, as well as (2) executive processin ...
An Intelligent Distributed System for Strategic Decision Making
An Intelligent Distributed System for Strategic Decision Making

... locally by different agents, at different levels. A variety of knowledge-based systems have been developed to model strategic planning decisions (Berman and Kautz 1990; Mockler 1989; Greenley 1989). A good review of the literature can be found in Clark (1992). They are mostly decision-support system ...
Rewardcircuit - URMC - University of Rochester
Rewardcircuit - URMC - University of Rochester

... types of rewards can recruit prefrontal cortical activity. These findings generally suggest that exposure to both primary rewards (eg, pleasant tastes, sounds, and sights) and secondary rewards (eg, monetary gains) increases activity in regions of frontal cortex in general and the vmPFC in particula ...
Different representations of pleasant and unpleasant odours in the
Different representations of pleasant and unpleasant odours in the

... pleasantness vs. unpleasantness. A recent functional magnetic resonance neuroimaging (fMRI) study (Anderson et al., 2003) found that activation of the amygdala was associated with intensity and of the orbitofrontal cortex with the valence of two odours, but only two different odours (citral and vale ...
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord

... When the knee is struck… Ia muscle afferents fire… there is monosynaptic activation of the extensor -motor neuron… and the (agonist) muscle(s) contracts. The knee extends. Glycinergic (inhibitory) interneurons are also activated… …which inhibit motor neurons to the flexor (antagonist) muscle. ...
Towards the integration of neural mechanisms and cognition in
Towards the integration of neural mechanisms and cognition in

... neural circuits and the robot; it is the control interface and it implements how the neural activity is translated in actuation. The Neural lattice layer is the brain model and it is fairly composed by at least two sublayers: the neural circuits and the cognition. The neural circuits layer contains ...
Assembly and Function of Spinal Circuits for Motor Control
Assembly and Function of Spinal Circuits for Motor Control

... Recent advances in methods to selectively map circuit connectivity with viral-based transsynaptic labeling techniques, as well as the ability to manipulate and monitor the activity of defined neuronal classes, has revolutionized the field. The idea of bridging our relatively advanced understanding o ...
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord

... When the knee is struck… Ia muscle afferents fire… there is monosynaptic activation of the extensor -motor neuron… and the (agonist) muscle(s) contracts. The knee extends. Glycinergic (inhibitory) interneurons are also activated… …which inhibit motor neurons to the flexor (antagonist) muscle. ...
Sensory Pathways and Emotional Context for Action
Sensory Pathways and Emotional Context for Action

... make more errors than control subjects when irrelevant auditory stimuli are introduced in auditory discrimination tasks, and their performance is correlated with decreased neural activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and a concomitant increase in auditory cortices (reviewed in [24]). Similar fi ...
Multisensory anatomical pathways - Centre de Recherche Cerveau
Multisensory anatomical pathways - Centre de Recherche Cerveau

... occur is probably reflecting an adaptive mechanism by which individual perceptual or sensory-motor situations involve a specific multisensory network. We describe in this review connections in the brain that may represent the support for early multisensory integration, such as cortico-cortical connect ...
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Embodied language processing

Embodied cognition occurs when an organism’s sensorimotor capacities (ability of the body to respond to its senses with movement), body and environment play an important role in thinking. The way in which a person’s body and their surroundings interacts also allows for specific brain functions to develop and in the future to be able to act. This means that not only does the mind influence the body’s movements, but the body also influences the abilities of the mind. There are three generalizations that are assumed to be true relating to embodied cognition. A person's motor system (that controls movement of the body) is activated when (1) they observe manipulable objects, (2) process action verbs, and (3) observe another individual's movements.In order to create movement of the body, a person usually thinks (or the brain subconsciously functions) about the movement it would like to accomplish. Embodied language processing asserts that there can also be an opposite influence. This means that moving your body in a certain way will impact how you comprehend, as well as process, language – whether it is an individual word or a complete phrase or sentence. Embodied language processing suggests that the brain resources that are used for perception, action, and emotion are also used during language comprehension. Studies have found that participants are faster at comprehending a sentence when the picture that goes along with it matches the actions described in the sentence. Action and language about action have been found to be connected because the areas of the brain that control them overlap It has been found that action can influence how a person understands a word, phrase, or sentence, but language can also impact a person's actions.
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