Chapter 15: Special Senses
... Somatosensory Map of Postcentral Gyrus • Relative sizes of cortical areas – proportional to number of sensory receptors – proportional to the sensitivity of each part of the body ...
... Somatosensory Map of Postcentral Gyrus • Relative sizes of cortical areas – proportional to number of sensory receptors – proportional to the sensitivity of each part of the body ...
Mapping Horizontal Spread of Activity in Monkey Motor
... of Activity in Monkey Motor Cortex Using Single Pulse Microstimulation. Front. Neural Circuits 10:104. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00104 ...
... of Activity in Monkey Motor Cortex Using Single Pulse Microstimulation. Front. Neural Circuits 10:104. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2016.00104 ...
Representation of Umami Taste in the Human Brain
... group analysis in a part of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex, as shown in Fig. 1, right, ACC, and discussed in the DISCUSSION. To analyze whether there are areas of overlap of the activations produced by the umami stimuli and the glucose used as a prototypical taste stimulus, we show in Fig. 1, ...
... group analysis in a part of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex, as shown in Fig. 1, right, ACC, and discussed in the DISCUSSION. To analyze whether there are areas of overlap of the activations produced by the umami stimuli and the glucose used as a prototypical taste stimulus, we show in Fig. 1, ...
1 CORTICAL-SUBCORTICAL FUNCTIONS IN VERB AND NOUN
... blocks of either three nouns or three verbs and were asked to generate silently an item semantically related to the stimulus within the same grammatical class for each of the three stimuli as they were presented. In whole-brain between-group analyses, significant group differences were found in the ...
... blocks of either three nouns or three verbs and were asked to generate silently an item semantically related to the stimulus within the same grammatical class for each of the three stimuli as they were presented. In whole-brain between-group analyses, significant group differences were found in the ...
Humanoid Robots That Behave, Speak, and Think Like Humans: A
... that after completion of training, if the robot is confronted with verbal phoneme sounds, but cannot recognize either the speaker or the words, then the signal is transmitted to prime task C-2, (the auditory confrontation mode). Note that TSMs are associated with each level of the HTD shown in Figur ...
... that after completion of training, if the robot is confronted with verbal phoneme sounds, but cannot recognize either the speaker or the words, then the signal is transmitted to prime task C-2, (the auditory confrontation mode). Note that TSMs are associated with each level of the HTD shown in Figur ...
Mesodermal and neuronal retinoids regulate the induction and
... doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.05.015 ...
... doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.05.015 ...
Solving Large Markov Decision Processes (depth paper)
... Markov decision processes (MDPs) [4, 5] are a natural and basic formalism for decisiontheoretic planning and learning problems in stochastic domains (e.g., [21, 11, 88, 90, 87]). In the MDP framework, the system environment is modeled as a set of states. An agent performs actions in the environment, ...
... Markov decision processes (MDPs) [4, 5] are a natural and basic formalism for decisiontheoretic planning and learning problems in stochastic domains (e.g., [21, 11, 88, 90, 87]). In the MDP framework, the system environment is modeled as a set of states. An agent performs actions in the environment, ...
Inferring Shallow-Transfer Machine Translation Rules from Small
... Menezes and Richardson (2001) propose a method to infer transfer mappings (rules) between source and target languages. Prior to the acquisition of the transfer mappings, they align the nodes of the source and target parse trees by using an existing bilingual lexicon in which they look for word corre ...
... Menezes and Richardson (2001) propose a method to infer transfer mappings (rules) between source and target languages. Prior to the acquisition of the transfer mappings, they align the nodes of the source and target parse trees by using an existing bilingual lexicon in which they look for word corre ...
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... WWN are that ST uses top-down selection (gating) and top-down inhibition through winner-take-all, while WWN uses top-down excitation through weighted connections; additionally WWN uses multiple motor areas, for controlling and sensing an agent’s actions, while ST uses a single area of interpretive o ...
... WWN are that ST uses top-down selection (gating) and top-down inhibition through winner-take-all, while WWN uses top-down excitation through weighted connections; additionally WWN uses multiple motor areas, for controlling and sensing an agent’s actions, while ST uses a single area of interpretive o ...
Can the meaning of multiple words be integrated unconsciously?
... syntactic violations [26–32]. Although it has been assumed for a long time that such unconscious processes are rather automatic and inflexible, recent studies show they are not [1,33,34]. One of the key criteria for automaticity is independence from top-down (cognitive) influences, and recent studie ...
... syntactic violations [26–32]. Although it has been assumed for a long time that such unconscious processes are rather automatic and inflexible, recent studies show they are not [1,33,34]. One of the key criteria for automaticity is independence from top-down (cognitive) influences, and recent studie ...
Early Functional Impairment of Sensory-Motor Connectivity in a Mouse Model of Spinal Muscular Atrophy
... Ruiz et al., 2010). Surprisingly, motor neurons in SMA are structurally well connected to their target muscles but functionally NMJs in SMN-D7 mice exhibit a 50% reduction in quantal content, indicating reduced synaptic vesicle release from motor neuron terminals in response to evoked stimulation (K ...
... Ruiz et al., 2010). Surprisingly, motor neurons in SMA are structurally well connected to their target muscles but functionally NMJs in SMN-D7 mice exhibit a 50% reduction in quantal content, indicating reduced synaptic vesicle release from motor neuron terminals in response to evoked stimulation (K ...
Hindsight Optimization for Probabilistic Planning with Factored Actions
... developed for concrete action spaces and hence are not applicable to factored action spaces. The question then is whether one can develop a reduction-based approach, which is both general and able to handle factored action spaces. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a framework and con ...
... developed for concrete action spaces and hence are not applicable to factored action spaces. The question then is whether one can develop a reduction-based approach, which is both general and able to handle factored action spaces. The main contribution of this paper is to propose a framework and con ...
Probabilistic Topic Models - UCI Cognitive Science Experiments
... Landauer & Dumais, 1997; Landauer, Foltz, & Laham, 1998) to large databases can yield insight into human cognition. The LSA approach makes three claims: that semantic information can be derived from a word-document co-occurrence matrix; that dimensionality reduction is an essential part of this deri ...
... Landauer & Dumais, 1997; Landauer, Foltz, & Laham, 1998) to large databases can yield insight into human cognition. The LSA approach makes three claims: that semantic information can be derived from a word-document co-occurrence matrix; that dimensionality reduction is an essential part of this deri ...
Neurophysiologic markers in laryngeal muscles indicate functional
... the laryngeal muscles (Corballis, 2003). The direct functional connectivity of M1 for laryngeal muscles was demonstrated in our studies (Deletis et al., 2008, 2009, 2011; Espadaler et al. 2012). In these studies, we have developed methodologies for stimulating M1 for laryngeal muscles and recording ...
... the laryngeal muscles (Corballis, 2003). The direct functional connectivity of M1 for laryngeal muscles was demonstrated in our studies (Deletis et al., 2008, 2009, 2011; Espadaler et al. 2012). In these studies, we have developed methodologies for stimulating M1 for laryngeal muscles and recording ...
The dual-pathway model of auditory signal
... interconnect only with each other and with its neighbor, the belt, without long-distance projections. Thus the belt must be the obligatory second stage of auditory cortical processing, making the parabelt not to have direct access to core information. Each core field also connects reciprocally with ...
... interconnect only with each other and with its neighbor, the belt, without long-distance projections. Thus the belt must be the obligatory second stage of auditory cortical processing, making the parabelt not to have direct access to core information. Each core field also connects reciprocally with ...
15-2 Sensory Receptors
... The voluntary response, which is not immediate, can moderate, enhance, or supplement the relatively simple involuntary reflexive response. ...
... The voluntary response, which is not immediate, can moderate, enhance, or supplement the relatively simple involuntary reflexive response. ...
US Copyright Law
... description of gross anatomy later in the chapter to appreciate the anatomical features described here). Unlike the control brains, Einstein's brain showed a strange confluence of the Sylvian fissure with the central sulcus on the brain's lateral surface; most brains have a Sylvian fissure that proj ...
... description of gross anatomy later in the chapter to appreciate the anatomical features described here). Unlike the control brains, Einstein's brain showed a strange confluence of the Sylvian fissure with the central sulcus on the brain's lateral surface; most brains have a Sylvian fissure that proj ...
Integrated model of visual processing
... areas V1 and V2 that could therefore act as active blackboards for computations done in area MT. When studying the temporal aspects of activation of different cortical areas, we made another important observation, that the activity transferred through magnocellular neurons of the LGN reach area V1 s ...
... areas V1 and V2 that could therefore act as active blackboards for computations done in area MT. When studying the temporal aspects of activation of different cortical areas, we made another important observation, that the activity transferred through magnocellular neurons of the LGN reach area V1 s ...
The basal ganglia: from motor commands to the
... circuit is shown; further anatomical details can be found elsewhere [6]. A number of features of the organization are mentioned in the main text and highlighted here. First, we note that corticofugal projection neurons from motor areas of cortex project both to brainstem and spinal cord targets (pat ...
... circuit is shown; further anatomical details can be found elsewhere [6]. A number of features of the organization are mentioned in the main text and highlighted here. First, we note that corticofugal projection neurons from motor areas of cortex project both to brainstem and spinal cord targets (pat ...
Acetylcholinesterase in central vocal control nuclei of the zebra finch
... to be acquired anew in the next when required. The vocal control pathway in songbirds is comprised of a well-defined network of interconnected nuclei from the ear to the brainstem, forebrain, back to the brainstem and finally to the syrinx and respiratory muscles. Of these, the song learning pathway ...
... to be acquired anew in the next when required. The vocal control pathway in songbirds is comprised of a well-defined network of interconnected nuclei from the ear to the brainstem, forebrain, back to the brainstem and finally to the syrinx and respiratory muscles. Of these, the song learning pathway ...
Pituitary Gland Functional Connectivity and BMI by Paige Rucker A
... and nutrients to maintain body weight. In early times when food sources were sometimes inconsistent, the body would house fat and nutrients to maintain this critical balance. Now, thanks to an ever-available source of food (especially those high in fat) and an increase in sedentary lifestyles, obesi ...
... and nutrients to maintain body weight. In early times when food sources were sometimes inconsistent, the body would house fat and nutrients to maintain this critical balance. Now, thanks to an ever-available source of food (especially those high in fat) and an increase in sedentary lifestyles, obesi ...
INTRINSIC CONNECTIONS AND CYTOARCHITECTONIC DATA OF
... Abstract. Organization of intrinsic connections of the frontal association cortex (FAC) in dogs was studied using retrograde HRP-transport method. For cytoarchitectonic observations and measurements of thickness of the cortex and its particular layers, additional sections stained with Nissl method w ...
... Abstract. Organization of intrinsic connections of the frontal association cortex (FAC) in dogs was studied using retrograde HRP-transport method. For cytoarchitectonic observations and measurements of thickness of the cortex and its particular layers, additional sections stained with Nissl method w ...
Engineering Note
... and p represents the condition supported by Si for Sj . An open condition is a pair < p, S >, where p is a condition needed by step S. A causal link < Si , p, Sj > is unsafe if the plan contains a threatening step Sk such that Sk has ¬p among its effects, and Sk may intervene between Si and Sj . Ope ...
... and p represents the condition supported by Si for Sj . An open condition is a pair < p, S >, where p is a condition needed by step S. A causal link < Si , p, Sj > is unsafe if the plan contains a threatening step Sk such that Sk has ¬p among its effects, and Sk may intervene between Si and Sj . Ope ...
Integrator or coincidence detector? The role of the cortical neuron
... and action potentials of u simulated neuron performing temporal integration of postsynaptic potentials (PSPs). The input is simulated on average as a balanced distribution of excitatory ond inhibitov PSPs(uniform distribution with a range of 35 PSPs;PSPmagnitude, 0.25 mV; resting potential, -70 mV; ...
... and action potentials of u simulated neuron performing temporal integration of postsynaptic potentials (PSPs). The input is simulated on average as a balanced distribution of excitatory ond inhibitov PSPs(uniform distribution with a range of 35 PSPs;PSPmagnitude, 0.25 mV; resting potential, -70 mV; ...
NERVE INJURIES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY STACY RUDNICKI, MD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR OF
... Differentiating b/w radicular disease and focal tibial neuropathy • Back pain that radiates into the leg highly suggestive of radicular process • Tibial nerve also innervates the foot inverters yet these are spared • Spontaneous (ie not associated with penentrating trauma) tibial neuropathies would ...
... Differentiating b/w radicular disease and focal tibial neuropathy • Back pain that radiates into the leg highly suggestive of radicular process • Tibial nerve also innervates the foot inverters yet these are spared • Spontaneous (ie not associated with penentrating trauma) tibial neuropathies would ...