motor systems
... the hand with relation to an object, and they easily miss an object even though they see it clearly. This kind of symptom is called apraxia. Recent studies, using both single-cell recordings with primates and brain imaging techniques suggest that parallel circuits may be involved in motor planning. ...
... the hand with relation to an object, and they easily miss an object even though they see it clearly. This kind of symptom is called apraxia. Recent studies, using both single-cell recordings with primates and brain imaging techniques suggest that parallel circuits may be involved in motor planning. ...
Age and job satisfaction
... Age and turnover • Older employees are less likely to quit their job as compared with young people, because their longer tenure provides them with number of opportunities i.e. higher wage rates, longer paid vacations, and more attractive pension benefits. • So we can say that turnover rate is lower ...
... Age and turnover • Older employees are less likely to quit their job as compared with young people, because their longer tenure provides them with number of opportunities i.e. higher wage rates, longer paid vacations, and more attractive pension benefits. • So we can say that turnover rate is lower ...
Revised_BJP_MS_
... 2006), and it is possible that this endocannabinoid may play a protective role in these conditions, all of which have a neuroinflammatory/neuroimmune component. Indeed, evidence from in vitro studies indicates that 2-AG induces suppressive effects on immune function by reducing inflammatory cytokine ...
... 2006), and it is possible that this endocannabinoid may play a protective role in these conditions, all of which have a neuroinflammatory/neuroimmune component. Indeed, evidence from in vitro studies indicates that 2-AG induces suppressive effects on immune function by reducing inflammatory cytokine ...
Chapter 8 - The Adaptive Mind: Learning MULTIPLE CHOICE 1
... grandmother prepares a traditional South Indian meal. d. Gabriel tells his four-year-old daughter each night: “No dessert until you eat your dinner without complaining.” To get the dessert, his daughter obeys. 21. An environmental cue or event whose significance is learned through classical conditio ...
... grandmother prepares a traditional South Indian meal. d. Gabriel tells his four-year-old daughter each night: “No dessert until you eat your dinner without complaining.” To get the dessert, his daughter obeys. 21. An environmental cue or event whose significance is learned through classical conditio ...
Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex
... neurons that are organized into a complex network of local circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of l ...
... neurons that are organized into a complex network of local circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of l ...
Cognition and Operant Conditioning
... mental representation of the layout of one’s environment Example: after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a cognitive map of it ...
... mental representation of the layout of one’s environment Example: after exploring a maze, rats act as if they have learned a cognitive map of it ...
PDF
... Abnormalities induced by tissue trauma in brain slices are exacerbated by several additional factors. The lack of blood flow in slices dramatically changes the way energy substrates and oxygen are delivered to cells. Energy substrates and O2 are instead supplied exogenously by artificial extracellular ...
... Abnormalities induced by tissue trauma in brain slices are exacerbated by several additional factors. The lack of blood flow in slices dramatically changes the way energy substrates and oxygen are delivered to cells. Energy substrates and O2 are instead supplied exogenously by artificial extracellular ...
Mapping the Structural Core of Human Cerebral Cortex
... neurons that are organized into a complex network of local circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of l ...
... neurons that are organized into a complex network of local circuits and long-range fiber pathways. This complex network forms the structural substrate for distributed interactions among specialized brain systems [1–3]. Computational network analysis [4] has provided insight into the organization of l ...
Monoaminergic dysfunction in recreational users of
... function and verbal memory tasks. Striatal DAT binding ratios were on average lower in dAMPH users (near-significant, p=0.05). In addition, CBF in control subjects decreased significantly in response to MPH in gray matter and basal ganglia, among which the striatum, thalamus and hippocampus by 10% to ...
... function and verbal memory tasks. Striatal DAT binding ratios were on average lower in dAMPH users (near-significant, p=0.05). In addition, CBF in control subjects decreased significantly in response to MPH in gray matter and basal ganglia, among which the striatum, thalamus and hippocampus by 10% to ...
PSI Behavior Change Framework `Bubbles`
... After the logical framework, “Bubbles” is the most widely used framework for project and marketing plan decision making within PSI and for research study design, segmentation, monitoring, and evaluation. Because PSI programmers and researchers extensively use “Bubbles”, recent efforts to improve the ...
... After the logical framework, “Bubbles” is the most widely used framework for project and marketing plan decision making within PSI and for research study design, segmentation, monitoring, and evaluation. Because PSI programmers and researchers extensively use “Bubbles”, recent efforts to improve the ...
Chapter Outline - Cengage Learning
... Responses that are not rewarded are less and less likely to be performed again. (see From the Puzzle Box to the Skinner Box) Remember: The law of effect means the law of being effective. If an organism learns that a behavior produces a desired effect, such as good grades or money, the organism will ...
... Responses that are not rewarded are less and less likely to be performed again. (see From the Puzzle Box to the Skinner Box) Remember: The law of effect means the law of being effective. If an organism learns that a behavior produces a desired effect, such as good grades or money, the organism will ...
Is perception informationally encapsulated? The issue of the theory-ladenness of perception
... constancy. Thus, the semantic impairments affect neither perception, nor observation (the formation of the object-centered representation). The neuropsychological evidence provided by studying the various forms of visual agnosias suggests that there is a relative autonomy of the various components o ...
... constancy. Thus, the semantic impairments affect neither perception, nor observation (the formation of the object-centered representation). The neuropsychological evidence provided by studying the various forms of visual agnosias suggests that there is a relative autonomy of the various components o ...
Human Cortical Responses to Water in the Mouth, and the Effects of
... mouth are large when thirst is present and decrease to zero during drinking to satiety (Rolls et al. 1989). Thus the reward value of water in the mouth is correlated with the responses of single neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex, but the responses of neurons in the macaque primary taste cortex ref ...
... mouth are large when thirst is present and decrease to zero during drinking to satiety (Rolls et al. 1989). Thus the reward value of water in the mouth is correlated with the responses of single neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex, but the responses of neurons in the macaque primary taste cortex ref ...
view
... 4. A brief history of brain and language relations A workable marriage of theory and observation was brought about in what is now referred to as the Geschwindian model of language (Geschwind, 1970; Geschwind & Galaburda, 1985). This is the neurological or aphasiological model, further promulgated by ...
... 4. A brief history of brain and language relations A workable marriage of theory and observation was brought about in what is now referred to as the Geschwindian model of language (Geschwind, 1970; Geschwind & Galaburda, 1985). This is the neurological or aphasiological model, further promulgated by ...
TRACE model (McClelland and Elman 1986)
... Understanding speech: Models of speech recognition: neuronal networks The brain is composed of over 10-100 billion nerve cells, or neurons, that communicate with one another through ...
... Understanding speech: Models of speech recognition: neuronal networks The brain is composed of over 10-100 billion nerve cells, or neurons, that communicate with one another through ...
Probing scale interaction in brain dynamics through synchronization
... and inhibitory interneurons and pyramidal cells. All three populations form a feedback circuit. The main pyramidal population excites both interneuronal populations in a feedforward manner and the excitatory (inhibitory) interneurons feed back in an excitatory (inhibitory) manner into the pyramidal ...
... and inhibitory interneurons and pyramidal cells. All three populations form a feedback circuit. The main pyramidal population excites both interneuronal populations in a feedforward manner and the excitatory (inhibitory) interneurons feed back in an excitatory (inhibitory) manner into the pyramidal ...
Structure and function of ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) brains
... around to scan a larger volume of air or to probe structures, crevices, trails or other insects including nestmates for chemical and tactile cues. To perform antennal movements, antennae are equipped with sets of muscles inside the head capsule and others inside the antenna's basal segment, the scap ...
... around to scan a larger volume of air or to probe structures, crevices, trails or other insects including nestmates for chemical and tactile cues. To perform antennal movements, antennae are equipped with sets of muscles inside the head capsule and others inside the antenna's basal segment, the scap ...
Chapter 8 Conditioning and Learning
... In operant conditioning, a response that is followed by a reinforcing consequence becomes more likely to occur on future occasions. In the example shown, a dog learns to sit up when it hears a whistle ...
... In operant conditioning, a response that is followed by a reinforcing consequence becomes more likely to occur on future occasions. In the example shown, a dog learns to sit up when it hears a whistle ...
new insights into the functions of the superior temporal cortex
... monkey superior temporal region is homologous to the human inferior parietal lobule (Brodmann areas 39 and 40). By contrast, Milner and Goodale19 proposed that “mechanisms have evolved in the inferior parietal or parietotemporal region of humans for dealing with abstract spatial processing that are ...
... monkey superior temporal region is homologous to the human inferior parietal lobule (Brodmann areas 39 and 40). By contrast, Milner and Goodale19 proposed that “mechanisms have evolved in the inferior parietal or parietotemporal region of humans for dealing with abstract spatial processing that are ...
INFORMATION PROCESSING WITH POPULATION CODES
... In this section, we shall address the following question: what information about the direction of a moving object is available from the response of a population of neurons? Let us take a hypothetical experiment. Imagine that we record the activity of 64 neurons from area MT, and that these neurons h ...
... In this section, we shall address the following question: what information about the direction of a moving object is available from the response of a population of neurons? Let us take a hypothetical experiment. Imagine that we record the activity of 64 neurons from area MT, and that these neurons h ...
Neurophysiological bases underlying the organization of intentional
... there are still some fundamental neuroscientific and theoretical issues that remain unresolved. First, concepts such as ‘‘action’’ and ‘‘intention/motor intention’’ are still elusive and not well defined. Second, the relationships between an overt intentional behaviour and its correspondent covert rep ...
... there are still some fundamental neuroscientific and theoretical issues that remain unresolved. First, concepts such as ‘‘action’’ and ‘‘intention/motor intention’’ are still elusive and not well defined. Second, the relationships between an overt intentional behaviour and its correspondent covert rep ...
Corticofugal modulation of functional connectivity within the auditory
... patterns of reverberating thalamic circuits. As a complementary approach we performed bispectral analyses of simultaneously recorded local field potentials in order to uncover the frequency components of their power spectra which are non linearly coupled. All results suggest that new functional neur ...
... patterns of reverberating thalamic circuits. As a complementary approach we performed bispectral analyses of simultaneously recorded local field potentials in order to uncover the frequency components of their power spectra which are non linearly coupled. All results suggest that new functional neur ...