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Original
... *A molecule that has two poles is called a dipolar molecule or dipole (such as HCl) *when dipoles are placed in an electric field, they orient with respect to the positive and negative plates *A molecule such as carbon dioxide can have polar bonds, but because it is linear the bond polarities cancel ...
... *A molecule that has two poles is called a dipolar molecule or dipole (such as HCl) *when dipoles are placed in an electric field, they orient with respect to the positive and negative plates *A molecule such as carbon dioxide can have polar bonds, but because it is linear the bond polarities cancel ...
Final Exam Review
... 67. Which of the following compounds are most likely not ionic? A. H2O B. Na2O C. CO2 D. CaS E. SO2 F. NH3 ...
... 67. Which of the following compounds are most likely not ionic? A. H2O B. Na2O C. CO2 D. CaS E. SO2 F. NH3 ...
Honors Biology Chapter 2 Power Point
... Na+ (has lost one electron) O-2 (has gained two electrons) Shown with superscript +/- and number on upper right • (can omit number if a “1”) • What's and Ion? Youtube (6:52) ...
... Na+ (has lost one electron) O-2 (has gained two electrons) Shown with superscript +/- and number on upper right • (can omit number if a “1”) • What's and Ion? Youtube (6:52) ...
CHEMISTRY MIDTERM REVIEW
... 44. Show the ionic bonding between calcium and iodine. 45. How many total electrons are transferred from calcium to iodine when forming the compound above? 46. Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound? a) magnesium and fluorine, b) sodium and aluminum, c) bro ...
... 44. Show the ionic bonding between calcium and iodine. 45. How many total electrons are transferred from calcium to iodine when forming the compound above? 46. Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound? a) magnesium and fluorine, b) sodium and aluminum, c) bro ...
Unit 2 Review for Test
... 40. What elements make up a protein? 42. Name the building blocks of lipids. 43. Draw a structural diagram showing a simple representation of a fatty acid.. 44. List some types of lipids. 45. Name the primary use of the type of macromolecule which is a source of energy. 46. Name the macromolecule wh ...
... 40. What elements make up a protein? 42. Name the building blocks of lipids. 43. Draw a structural diagram showing a simple representation of a fatty acid.. 44. List some types of lipids. 45. Name the primary use of the type of macromolecule which is a source of energy. 46. Name the macromolecule wh ...
Matter Study Guide
... -Know parts of the atom and be able to describe characteristics of each -Understand the relationship between atoms and molecules/elements and compounds -Know how elements are arranged on a Periodic Chart ex: rows/columns, metals/nonmetals, solids, gasses, liquids, man-made, symbols, atomic number, a ...
... -Know parts of the atom and be able to describe characteristics of each -Understand the relationship between atoms and molecules/elements and compounds -Know how elements are arranged on a Periodic Chart ex: rows/columns, metals/nonmetals, solids, gasses, liquids, man-made, symbols, atomic number, a ...
Atomic Bonding - New Academic Science
... rules for Lewis structures; normally two electrons pair up to form each bond; maximum eight electrons in the valence shell can be accommodated but for elements with d orbitals, the valence shell can be expanded beyond an octet. But unfortunately the concept of Lewis could not explain the nature of f ...
... rules for Lewis structures; normally two electrons pair up to form each bond; maximum eight electrons in the valence shell can be accommodated but for elements with d orbitals, the valence shell can be expanded beyond an octet. But unfortunately the concept of Lewis could not explain the nature of f ...
Notes on Atoms and Molecules
... Atom contains less than four electrons in its outermost shell; the valency of an atom is equal to the number of electrons present in the valence shell. Example: Sodium has one electron in its outermost shell, so the valency of sodium is 1. Calcium has two electrons in its outermost shell, so the val ...
... Atom contains less than four electrons in its outermost shell; the valency of an atom is equal to the number of electrons present in the valence shell. Example: Sodium has one electron in its outermost shell, so the valency of sodium is 1. Calcium has two electrons in its outermost shell, so the val ...
Review Sheet for Final Exam
... Degree of unsaturation- [2 + 2(C) + N - H – X] / 2 -number that you get is the number of either pi bonds or rings -Functional Groups-common group of atoms in an organic molecule. 1. Aromatic Hydrocarbons- can be fairly stable because of resonance. 2. Alcohols- have a relatively high boiling point an ...
... Degree of unsaturation- [2 + 2(C) + N - H – X] / 2 -number that you get is the number of either pi bonds or rings -Functional Groups-common group of atoms in an organic molecule. 1. Aromatic Hydrocarbons- can be fairly stable because of resonance. 2. Alcohols- have a relatively high boiling point an ...
Instructor`s Notes Atomic Tiles: Play Your Way from Atoms to
... 3a. Students know the structure of the atom and know it is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. 3b. Students know that compounds are formed by combining two or more different elements and that compounds have properties that are different from their constituent elements. 5a. Students know re ...
... 3a. Students know the structure of the atom and know it is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. 3b. Students know that compounds are formed by combining two or more different elements and that compounds have properties that are different from their constituent elements. 5a. Students know re ...
NATIONAL 5 CHEMISTRY – UNIT 1 – CHEMICAL CHANGES AND
... Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different mass numbers. Relative atomic mass is the average mass of the isotopes present taking into account their relative proportions. In a covalent bond, the shared pair of electrons is attracted to the nuclei of the two bonded atoms. More than one bond ...
... Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different mass numbers. Relative atomic mass is the average mass of the isotopes present taking into account their relative proportions. In a covalent bond, the shared pair of electrons is attracted to the nuclei of the two bonded atoms. More than one bond ...
Chemistry 102B What`s in an atom? Before “Chemistry” Other Early
... built around trying to turn cheap metals into GOLD! (400 B.C.-1400 A.D.) • Metallurgy – systematic extraction of metals from ores laid some groundwork for modern chemistry. (1500s) • The first “chemist” was Robert Boyle who worked on pressure and volume of gases and postulated that elements could no ...
... built around trying to turn cheap metals into GOLD! (400 B.C.-1400 A.D.) • Metallurgy – systematic extraction of metals from ores laid some groundwork for modern chemistry. (1500s) • The first “chemist” was Robert Boyle who worked on pressure and volume of gases and postulated that elements could no ...
Common Chemical Formula List
... question, and we represent the elemental composition by a chemical formula, such as H2O for water. This formula implies that the water molecules consist of 2 hydrogen, and 1 oxygen atoms. The formula H2O is also the molecular formula of water. For non-molecular substances such as table salt, we repr ...
... question, and we represent the elemental composition by a chemical formula, such as H2O for water. This formula implies that the water molecules consist of 2 hydrogen, and 1 oxygen atoms. The formula H2O is also the molecular formula of water. For non-molecular substances such as table salt, we repr ...
matter crct/final exam review
... 28. How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom? 29. The majority of the atom is _________________________________. 30. What contribution did Niels Bohr make to the study of the atom? ...
... 28. How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom? 29. The majority of the atom is _________________________________. 30. What contribution did Niels Bohr make to the study of the atom? ...
TEST on Atomic Structure
... ____ 41) Which of the following is true about the composition of ionic compounds? a. They are composed of anions and cations. c. They are composed of cations only. b. They are composed of anions only. d. They are formed from two or more nonmetallic elements. ____ 42) Which element, when combined wit ...
... ____ 41) Which of the following is true about the composition of ionic compounds? a. They are composed of anions and cations. c. They are composed of cations only. b. They are composed of anions only. d. They are formed from two or more nonmetallic elements. ____ 42) Which element, when combined wit ...
Honors Chemistry Semester 1 Exam Review
... 1. How does a intermolecular forces differ from a intramolecular force? ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which electrons are involved in bonding? _________________________________ 3. What types of ele ...
... 1. How does a intermolecular forces differ from a intramolecular force? ____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which electrons are involved in bonding? _________________________________ 3. What types of ele ...
Acid-Base Theories Arrhenius Acids and Bases • An acid is a
... • A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a molecule or ion that is a _____________ donor (H+). • Brønsted-Lowry base is a molecule or ion that is a _____________ acceptor. • In a Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction, _______________ are transferred from one reactant (the acid) to another (the base). • A ____________ ...
... • A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a molecule or ion that is a _____________ donor (H+). • Brønsted-Lowry base is a molecule or ion that is a _____________ acceptor. • In a Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction, _______________ are transferred from one reactant (the acid) to another (the base). • A ____________ ...
Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
... Section I: Single-electron Atoms o Review of basic spectroscopy o Hydrogen energy levels o Fine structure o Spin-orbit coupling o Nuclear moments and hyperfine structure ...
... Section I: Single-electron Atoms o Review of basic spectroscopy o Hydrogen energy levels o Fine structure o Spin-orbit coupling o Nuclear moments and hyperfine structure ...
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are ""strong bonds"" such as covalent or ionic bonds and ""weak bonds"" such as Dipole-dipole interaction, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other. An electron positioned between two nuclei will be attracted to both of them, and the nuclei will be attracted toward electrons in this position. This attraction constitutes the chemical bond. Due to the matter wave nature of electrons and their smaller mass, they must occupy a much larger amount of volume compared with the nuclei, and this volume occupied by the electrons keeps the atomic nuclei relatively far apart, as compared with the size of the nuclei themselves. This phenomenon limits the distance between nuclei and atoms in a bond.In general, strong chemical bonding is associated with the sharing or transfer of electrons between the participating atoms. The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases—indeed most of the physical environment around us—are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.All bonds can be explained by quantum theory, but, in practice, simplification rules allow chemists to predict the strength, directionality, and polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are two examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory. Electrostatics are used to describe bond polarities and the effects they have on chemical substances.