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Unit 7: Reduction, Oxidation and Electrochemistry
Unit 7: Reduction, Oxidation and Electrochemistry

... Examples: CO2, CO, SO3, SO2, CO32−, SO42− and H2O all have an oxidation number of −2 for oxygen. An exception occurs in peroxides (compound containing O22−) where the oxygen has an oxidation number of −1. 4. Hydrogen in Binary Compounds and Polyatomic Ions has an Oxidation Number of +1. Examples: H2 ...
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... Valence Electrons and Periodic Properties, continued • When an atom has 8 valence electrons, it is considered stable, or chemically unreactive. Unreactive atoms do not easily lose or gain electrons. • Elements whose atoms have only one, two, or three valence electrons tend to lose electrons easily. ...
Chapter 4
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... Valence Electrons and Periodic Properties, continued • When an atom has 8 valence electrons, it is considered stable, or chemically unreactive. Unreactive atoms do not easily lose or gain electrons. • Elements whose atoms have only one, two, or three valence electrons tend to lose electrons easily. ...
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PDF - mockies – Mockiesgateacademy

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Syllabus Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Level

... It is intended that candidates should be directed towards the practice of experimental skills throughout the whole period of their course of study. Candidates’ experimental skills will be tested in papers 3 and 5. Paper 3 is a practical examination that will test the skills of manipulation of appara ...
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NAME UNIT 5: BASIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE Depending upon your
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... Click on this link  http://www.aip.org/history/electron/jjsound.htm (or http://tinyurl.com/5t9vdfo and you can select an audiophile format that will allow you to hear JJ Thomson's voice describing the electron, from a 1934 movie, made by the J. Arthur Rank Corporation. §1.2 Early Atomic Models and ...
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... 'see explanation below' 24. Base your answer on the information below. Aluminum is one of the most abundant metals in Earth's crust. The aluminum compound found in bauxite ore is Al2O3. Over one hundred years ago, it was difficult and expensive to isolate aluminum from bauxite ore. In 1886, a brothe ...
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Major 01 - KFUPM Faculty List
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... 2 mol SO2 reacts with 1 mol O2, thus 1.4047 mol SO2 use (1.4047/2) mol O2 = 0.7024 mol O2 So of the initial 3.125 mol O2, 0.7024 mol O2 are used and (3.125 - 0.7024) mol O2 = 2.4226 mol O2 are left over (in excess). This is 2.4226 mol x 32 g O2/mol = 77.5 g O2 are left over (choice A). 15. 1.00 mL ...
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Summer Work: Independent Packet: Basics Of Atomic Structure

... Click on this link  http://www.aip.org/history/electron/jjsound.htm (or http://tinyurl.com/5t9vdfo ) and you can select an audiophile format that will allow you to hear JJ Thomson's voice describing the electron, from a 1934 movie, made by the J. Arthur Rank Corporation. §1.2 Early Atomic Models a ...
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... charge, their numbers in an atom do not have to be the same as the numbers of protons or electrons. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is given by the atomic number for the atom. Atomic numbers are represented by the symbol Z. All atoms of a specific element must have the same atomic nu ...
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... What is the term for a substance that can act as either an acid or a base? An example would be NaHCO3. What is the term that is used to describe a metal's ability to be drawn into a wire? The Tyndall effect is a characteristic of what classification of matter? ...
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... has been adopted in recognition of the need of students to develop skills that will be of long term value in an increasing technological world rather than focusing on large quantities of actual material which may have only short term relevance. AIMS These are not listed in order of priority. The aim ...
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... • When an electron in any energy level drops closer to the nucleus, it emits a photon of light. • Bohr reasoned that there must be a number of distinct energy levels within the atom. Each energy level has a principal quantum number n, where n is always an integer. The lowest level is n = 1 and is cl ...
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... Rutherford fired positively charged particles at metal foil and concluded that most of the mass of an atom was a. in the electrons. c. evenly spread throughout the atom. b. ...
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... The man who would greatly advance the development of modern chemistry was Antoine Lavoisier (1743 - 1794). Considered the father of modern chemistry, Lavoisier (seen in Figure below) discovered that although matter may change its shape or form, its mass always remains the same. As a result, he would ...
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Oxidation-Reduction Reactions - An Introduction to Chemistry

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NAME UNIT 7: NOTES: REDOX (PART 1): OXIDATION #`S, An
NAME UNIT 7: NOTES: REDOX (PART 1): OXIDATION #`S, An

... III) Calculating an oxidation number: Very often, a species' oxidation number must be calculated. The rules can only go so far. Elements with multiple oxidation number possibilities must have those oxidation numbers calculated. You see, the oxidation number may be different from compound to compoun ...
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Extended periodic table

An extended periodic table theorizes about elements beyond element 118 (beyond period 7, or row 7). Currently seven periods in the periodic table of chemical elements are known and proven, culminating with atomic number 118. If further elements with higher atomic numbers than this are discovered, they will be placed in additional periods, laid out (as with the existing periods) to illustrate periodically recurring trends in the properties of the elements concerned. Any additional periods are expected to contain a larger number of elements than the seventh period, as they are calculated to have an additional so-called g-block, containing at least 18 elements with partially filled g-orbitals in each period. An eight-period table containing this block was suggested by Glenn T. Seaborg in 1969. IUPAC defines an element to exist if its lifetime is longer than 10−14 seconds, which is the time it takes for the nucleus to form an electronic cloud.No elements in this region have been synthesized or discovered in nature. The first element of the g-block may have atomic number 121, and thus would have the systematic name unbiunium. Elements in this region are likely to be highly unstable with respect to radioactive decay, and have extremely short half lives, although element 126 is hypothesized to be within an island of stability that is resistant to fission but not to alpha decay. It is not clear how many elements beyond the expected island of stability are physically possible, if period 8 is complete, or if there is a period 9.According to the orbital approximation in quantum mechanical descriptions of atomic structure, the g-block would correspond to elements with partially filled g-orbitals, but spin-orbit coupling effects reduce the validity of the orbital approximation substantially for elements of high atomic number. While Seaborg's version of the extended period had the heavier elements following the pattern set by lighter elements, as it did not take into account relativistic effects, models that take relativistic effects into account do not. Pekka Pyykkö and B. Fricke used computer modeling to calculate the positions of elements up to Z = 184 (comprising periods 8, 9, and the beginning of 10), and found that several were displaced from the Madelung rule.
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