key to sample questions test 2
... h. Which of the following ions is most likely to be stable. (Hint: consider the Lewis structures) NH NH2 NH3 NH4 i. Which of the following molecules has a Lewis structure similar to that of N2? H2 O2 CO ...
... h. Which of the following ions is most likely to be stable. (Hint: consider the Lewis structures) NH NH2 NH3 NH4 i. Which of the following molecules has a Lewis structure similar to that of N2? H2 O2 CO ...
Acids and bases
... Temperature in Kelvin = 273K STP can be found on the STAAR chemistry reference chart under the constants and conversions section. ...
... Temperature in Kelvin = 273K STP can be found on the STAAR chemistry reference chart under the constants and conversions section. ...
chem10chp7spr08
... and formulas of the reactants and products and other symbolic terms to represent a chemical reaction. Chemical equations provide us with the means to: - summarize the reaction - display the substances that are reacting (reactants) - show the products - indicate the amounts of all component substance ...
... and formulas of the reactants and products and other symbolic terms to represent a chemical reaction. Chemical equations provide us with the means to: - summarize the reaction - display the substances that are reacting (reactants) - show the products - indicate the amounts of all component substance ...
Chemistry 1- Final Exam Review
... b. F d. I ____ 68. At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to the a. molar mass of the gas. c. density of the gas at STP. b. number of moles of gas. d. pressure of the gas ____ 69. Calculate the approximate temperature of a 0.50 mol sample of gas at 750 mm Hg and a ...
... b. F d. I ____ 68. At constant temperature and pressure, gas volume is directly proportional to the a. molar mass of the gas. c. density of the gas at STP. b. number of moles of gas. d. pressure of the gas ____ 69. Calculate the approximate temperature of a 0.50 mol sample of gas at 750 mm Hg and a ...
Spring 2002 - Kwantlen Polytechnic University
... a. The solution obey’s Raoult’s Law. b. The solution shows a positive deviation from Raoult’s Law. c. The solution shows a negative deviation from Raoult’s Law and possesses a minimum boiling point azeotrope. d. The solution shows a negative deviation from Raoult’s Law and possesses a maximum boilin ...
... a. The solution obey’s Raoult’s Law. b. The solution shows a positive deviation from Raoult’s Law. c. The solution shows a negative deviation from Raoult’s Law and possesses a minimum boiling point azeotrope. d. The solution shows a negative deviation from Raoult’s Law and possesses a maximum boilin ...
EXPERIMENT 11 (2 Weeks)!
... TYPES OF REACTIONS A. SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS 1. a. Cu metal + aqueous silver nitrate solution ...
... TYPES OF REACTIONS A. SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS 1. a. Cu metal + aqueous silver nitrate solution ...
Matter and Measurement
... An atom is oxidized (loses electrons) if its oxidation number increases, and is reduced (gains electrons) if its oxidation number decreases An oxidizing agent causes the oxidation of another species by accepting an electron from it; in the process it is ...
... An atom is oxidized (loses electrons) if its oxidation number increases, and is reduced (gains electrons) if its oxidation number decreases An oxidizing agent causes the oxidation of another species by accepting an electron from it; in the process it is ...
Chapter 5
... Catabolic and Anabolic Reactions A metabolic pathway is a sequence of enzymatically catalyzed chemical reactions in a cell Metabolic pathways are determined by enzymes Enzymes are encoded by genes ...
... Catabolic and Anabolic Reactions A metabolic pathway is a sequence of enzymatically catalyzed chemical reactions in a cell Metabolic pathways are determined by enzymes Enzymes are encoded by genes ...
Classifying Chemical Reactions by What Atoms Do
... Acid-Base Titrations The difficulty is determining when there has been just enough titrant added to complete the reaction. In acid-base titrations, because both the reactant and product solutions are colorless, a chemical (indicator) is added that changes color when the solution undergoes large cha ...
... Acid-Base Titrations The difficulty is determining when there has been just enough titrant added to complete the reaction. In acid-base titrations, because both the reactant and product solutions are colorless, a chemical (indicator) is added that changes color when the solution undergoes large cha ...
Chemistry Midterm Review Sheet
... a) AgNO3 (aq) and Na2CO3(aq) b) NaCl (aq) and (NH4)2SO4 (aq) c) KOH (aq) and HNO3 (aq) d) Pb(NO3)2 (aq) and MgSO4 (aq) e) Hg(NO3)2 (aq) and HBr (aq) f) HF(aq) and NaOH (aq) 1) Write balanced equations, with states for the following reactions. If indicated, write down what kind of reaction occurred. ...
... a) AgNO3 (aq) and Na2CO3(aq) b) NaCl (aq) and (NH4)2SO4 (aq) c) KOH (aq) and HNO3 (aq) d) Pb(NO3)2 (aq) and MgSO4 (aq) e) Hg(NO3)2 (aq) and HBr (aq) f) HF(aq) and NaOH (aq) 1) Write balanced equations, with states for the following reactions. If indicated, write down what kind of reaction occurred. ...
NSCC Chem 121 chapter5
... • The amounts of product calculated in the last three examples are not the amounts that would be produced if the reactions were actually done in the laboratory. • In each case, less product would be obtained than was calculated. There are numerous causes. Some materials are lost during transfers fro ...
... • The amounts of product calculated in the last three examples are not the amounts that would be produced if the reactions were actually done in the laboratory. • In each case, less product would be obtained than was calculated. There are numerous causes. Some materials are lost during transfers fro ...
educator exam series
... Mathematical tables and electronic calculations may be used All working MUST be clearly shown where necessary For examiner’s use only: Questions Max. score Candidates score ...
... Mathematical tables and electronic calculations may be used All working MUST be clearly shown where necessary For examiner’s use only: Questions Max. score Candidates score ...
2. Covalent network
... Atoms end up with fractional charges (positive side and negative side) Can model covalent bonds using lewis dot structures. ...
... Atoms end up with fractional charges (positive side and negative side) Can model covalent bonds using lewis dot structures. ...
13. Condensed azines. Quinoline. Isoquinoline. Acridine. Diazines
... Physical and chemical properties of isoquinoline. Isoquinoline, also known as benzo[c]pyridine or 2-benzanine, is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. It is a structural isomer of quinoline. Isoquinoline and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ...
... Physical and chemical properties of isoquinoline. Isoquinoline, also known as benzo[c]pyridine or 2-benzanine, is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. It is a structural isomer of quinoline. Isoquinoline and quinoline are benzopyridines, which are composed of a benzene ring fused to a pyridine ...
CH 4: Chemical Reactions
... • When doing a titration you add titrant (standard solution) to the analyte (unknown concentration solution) until the endpoint or the equivalence point is reached. This point is when you have equal moles of titrant and analyte, from the volume of the titrant and analyte used and the molarity of the ...
... • When doing a titration you add titrant (standard solution) to the analyte (unknown concentration solution) until the endpoint or the equivalence point is reached. This point is when you have equal moles of titrant and analyte, from the volume of the titrant and analyte used and the molarity of the ...
Chapter 4 Packet
... ionic equations for the reaction. 11. calculate molarity, solution volume, or number of moles of solute given any two of these quantities. 12. solve problems when making solutions by dilutions. 13. solve stoichiometry problems involving solutions. 14. perform a titration in the lab and make stoichio ...
... ionic equations for the reaction. 11. calculate molarity, solution volume, or number of moles of solute given any two of these quantities. 12. solve problems when making solutions by dilutions. 13. solve stoichiometry problems involving solutions. 14. perform a titration in the lab and make stoichio ...
FXM Rev 1 Key - Grande Cache Community High School
... anion This is a negative ion that has form after it gained one or more electrons. S2- is an example. molecule This is the smallest structural unit of a covalent compound. One H2O particle is an example. covalent bond This is the type of bond that forms between two or more atoms that share electrons. ...
... anion This is a negative ion that has form after it gained one or more electrons. S2- is an example. molecule This is the smallest structural unit of a covalent compound. One H2O particle is an example. covalent bond This is the type of bond that forms between two or more atoms that share electrons. ...
Slide 1
... Common names for aldehydes are derived from the name of the acid with the same number of C atoms. IUPAC names are derived from the parent hydrocarbon name by replacing -e with -al. The IUPAC name for a ketone is the characteristic stem for the parent hydrocarbon plus the suffix -one. A numeric prefi ...
... Common names for aldehydes are derived from the name of the acid with the same number of C atoms. IUPAC names are derived from the parent hydrocarbon name by replacing -e with -al. The IUPAC name for a ketone is the characteristic stem for the parent hydrocarbon plus the suffix -one. A numeric prefi ...
Factors that affect the rate of reactions
... MOVE FASTER, HIT each other MORE OFTEN with MORE ENERGY The reaction rate will INCREASE ...
... MOVE FASTER, HIT each other MORE OFTEN with MORE ENERGY The reaction rate will INCREASE ...
H 2 and H 2 + O 2 g H 2 O and H 2 O Hydrogen + Oxygen g Water
... There are usually some obvious changes during a chemical reaction, including: A change in colour A gas coming off (you may see fizzing or bubbling) A change in temperature (the reaction mixture may get hotter) A solid may be formed when two solutions are mixed together ...
... There are usually some obvious changes during a chemical reaction, including: A change in colour A gas coming off (you may see fizzing or bubbling) A change in temperature (the reaction mixture may get hotter) A solid may be formed when two solutions are mixed together ...
Kinetics - A Study o..
... In fact, usually only a VERY SMALL fraction of the total number of collisions are successful……..resulting in product formation. The 3 conditions must be fulfilled for a successful collision resulting in product formation. In reality we are mainly limited by the overall kinetic energy of the molecu ...
... In fact, usually only a VERY SMALL fraction of the total number of collisions are successful……..resulting in product formation. The 3 conditions must be fulfilled for a successful collision resulting in product formation. In reality we are mainly limited by the overall kinetic energy of the molecu ...
AP Semestar Exam REVIEW
... e. none of the above ____ 43. A pair of electrons that is shared between two atoms is a. a covalent bond. b. a lone pair. c. a double bond. d. an ionic bond. e. both a covalent bond and a double bond. ____ 44. What is the expected number of valence electrons for an element in group 15? a. 0 b. 1 c. ...
... e. none of the above ____ 43. A pair of electrons that is shared between two atoms is a. a covalent bond. b. a lone pair. c. a double bond. d. an ionic bond. e. both a covalent bond and a double bond. ____ 44. What is the expected number of valence electrons for an element in group 15? a. 0 b. 1 c. ...
Chemical Reactions Chapter 11
... 4. Double-replacement reaction is a chemical change involving an exchange of positive ions between two compounds. – you can recognize a double-replacement reaction because both the reactants and the products are two compounds – They generally take place in aqueous solutions, and often produce a prec ...
... 4. Double-replacement reaction is a chemical change involving an exchange of positive ions between two compounds. – you can recognize a double-replacement reaction because both the reactants and the products are two compounds – They generally take place in aqueous solutions, and often produce a prec ...
Lewis acid catalysis
In Lewis acid catalysis of organic reactions, a metal-based Lewis acid acts as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate. Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp2 or sp3), nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The complexation has partial charge-transfer character and makes the lone-pair donor effectively more electronegative, activating the substrate toward nucleophilic attack, heterolytic bond cleavage, or cycloaddition with 1,3-dienes and 1,3-dipoles.Many classical reactions involving carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond formation can be catalyzed by Lewis acids. Examples include the Friedel-Crafts reaction, the aldol reaction, and various pericyclic processes that proceed slowly at room temperature, such as the Diels-Alder reaction and the ene reaction. In addition to accelerating the reactions, Lewis acid catalysts are able to impose regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in many cases.Early developments in Lewis acid reagents focused on easily available compounds such as TiCl4, BF3, SnCl4, and AlCl3. The relative strengths of these (and other) Lewis acids may be estimated from NMR spectroscopy by the Childs method or the Gutmann-Beckett method. Over the years, versatile catalysts bearing ligands designed for specific applications have facilitated improvement in both reactivity and selectivity of Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. More recently, Lewis acid catalysts with chiral ligands have become an important class of tools for asymmetric catalysis.Challenges in the development of Lewis acid catalysis include inefficient catalyst turnover (caused by catalyst affinity for the product) and the frequent requirement of two-point binding for stereoselectivity, which often necessitates the use of auxiliary groups.