Physical Science Chapter 6
... uses chemical formulas, symbols; beginning substances (on the left) called reactants; ending substances (on the right) called products; arrow in the middle means “yields” or “gives”. ...
... uses chemical formulas, symbols; beginning substances (on the left) called reactants; ending substances (on the right) called products; arrow in the middle means “yields” or “gives”. ...
50 Forgotten Facts
... 39) In Le Chatelier’s Principle, if a system is at equilibrium, if something is added, then the equilibrium will shift away from the side it is on. If something is removed, then the equilibrium will shift towards that side. After the shift, whatever is being shifted towards will increase in concentr ...
... 39) In Le Chatelier’s Principle, if a system is at equilibrium, if something is added, then the equilibrium will shift away from the side it is on. If something is removed, then the equilibrium will shift towards that side. After the shift, whatever is being shifted towards will increase in concentr ...
Types of Aqueous Reactions
... This is an “electrochemical” reaction Fe2+ Fe3+ + 1 eIt’s a special kind of process, part electrical and part (barely) chemical. The atom changes oxidation state and creates an electron. The electron can do useful work (power your Ipod) or chemical work (change the oxidation state of something el ...
... This is an “electrochemical” reaction Fe2+ Fe3+ + 1 eIt’s a special kind of process, part electrical and part (barely) chemical. The atom changes oxidation state and creates an electron. The electron can do useful work (power your Ipod) or chemical work (change the oxidation state of something el ...
study material class X (science)
... The first step in balancing a chemical equation is to write the number of atoms of each element present on the left hand side and right hand side. ...
... The first step in balancing a chemical equation is to write the number of atoms of each element present on the left hand side and right hand side. ...
10th CBSE {SA - 1} Revision Pack Booklet - 3
... Hydrogen is used in fuels, manufacture of ammonia and margarine. Sodium hydroxide is used for de-greasing metals in paper making, for soap, detergents and artificial fibres making. ...
... Hydrogen is used in fuels, manufacture of ammonia and margarine. Sodium hydroxide is used for de-greasing metals in paper making, for soap, detergents and artificial fibres making. ...
Test 9 Review - Evan`s Chemistry Corner
... In order to determine if a reaction will occur when only one of the two factors is favored by nature, it is necessary to determine the free energy. Reaction rates. The speed of chemical reactions depends on several factors: [1] Nature of reactants. Chemical reactions occur by breaking and rearrangin ...
... In order to determine if a reaction will occur when only one of the two factors is favored by nature, it is necessary to determine the free energy. Reaction rates. The speed of chemical reactions depends on several factors: [1] Nature of reactants. Chemical reactions occur by breaking and rearrangin ...
National 5 Unit 1 Homework Booklet
... (a) covalent compounds do not conduct electricity. (b) metals conduct in the solid state. (c) solid ionic compounds do not conduct. (d) ionic compounds have very high melting points. (e) carbon diamond has a high melting point. 25. Using sodium chloride and hydrogen chloride as examples, explain how ...
... (a) covalent compounds do not conduct electricity. (b) metals conduct in the solid state. (c) solid ionic compounds do not conduct. (d) ionic compounds have very high melting points. (e) carbon diamond has a high melting point. 25. Using sodium chloride and hydrogen chloride as examples, explain how ...
Homework Booklet Unit 1 Feb14
... (a) covalent compounds do not conduct electricity. (b) metals conduct in the solid state. (c) solid ionic compounds do not conduct. (d) ionic compounds have very high melting points. (e) carbon diamond has a high melting point. 25. Using sodium chloride and hydrogen chloride as examples, explain how ...
... (a) covalent compounds do not conduct electricity. (b) metals conduct in the solid state. (c) solid ionic compounds do not conduct. (d) ionic compounds have very high melting points. (e) carbon diamond has a high melting point. 25. Using sodium chloride and hydrogen chloride as examples, explain how ...
Unit D: Quantitative Relationships in Chemical Change
... 4. You have been given a clear, colourless solution. You do several qualitative experimental tests on the solution and get the following results: (1) the flame test shows a bit of a red colour; and (2) a precipitate is formed when ammonium sulfate is added. What cation(s) might be present in this so ...
... 4. You have been given a clear, colourless solution. You do several qualitative experimental tests on the solution and get the following results: (1) the flame test shows a bit of a red colour; and (2) a precipitate is formed when ammonium sulfate is added. What cation(s) might be present in this so ...
kinetics and equilibrium
... collisions increase Increase temperature does 2 things: A. Heating up molecules, moves them faster, more chances for collisions B. More kinetic energy in molecules increase the motion of particles, easier to get over that activation energy, rate of reaction will increase ...
... collisions increase Increase temperature does 2 things: A. Heating up molecules, moves them faster, more chances for collisions B. More kinetic energy in molecules increase the motion of particles, easier to get over that activation energy, rate of reaction will increase ...
L22 - Supplementary Student Notes Package
... Hints for balancing equations: 1. Write out an unbalanced equation, making sure that each reactant and product formula is written correctly. 2. Use coefficients to balance any atoms that are not already balanced. 3. If a polyatomic ion is remaining intact, it may be easiest to balance it as a group. ...
... Hints for balancing equations: 1. Write out an unbalanced equation, making sure that each reactant and product formula is written correctly. 2. Use coefficients to balance any atoms that are not already balanced. 3. If a polyatomic ion is remaining intact, it may be easiest to balance it as a group. ...
File
... One potential problem with the operation of a catalytic converter is that it may lose its effectiveness when impurities bind strongly to the catalyst surface and accumulate and inactivate it. When this occurs, the ineffective catalytic converter is said to be poisoned, and must be replaced. One last ...
... One potential problem with the operation of a catalytic converter is that it may lose its effectiveness when impurities bind strongly to the catalyst surface and accumulate and inactivate it. When this occurs, the ineffective catalytic converter is said to be poisoned, and must be replaced. One last ...
chemistry advanced may 2010 marking scheme
... NB The Ostwald Process (above) has displaced the obsolete Birkeland-Eyde Process involving arcing a mixture of atmospheric nitrogen and atmospheric oxygen to form NO which on cooling with oxygen forms NO2 which is absorbed in dilute nitric acid. This process is too energy expensive and has not been ...
... NB The Ostwald Process (above) has displaced the obsolete Birkeland-Eyde Process involving arcing a mixture of atmospheric nitrogen and atmospheric oxygen to form NO which on cooling with oxygen forms NO2 which is absorbed in dilute nitric acid. This process is too energy expensive and has not been ...
Insertion of SO2 into the Metal−Carbon Bonds of Rhodium and
... to synthesize this compound is to react 1 equiv of Cp*Ir(PMe3)(CH3)2 with 1 equiv of Cp*Ir(PMe3)(OTf)2.4 When a solution of 4 in CH2Cl2 is put under an atmosphere of SO2 at room temperature, the orange solution immediately turns yellow. The 1H NMR spectrum shows the quantitative formation of a new p ...
... to synthesize this compound is to react 1 equiv of Cp*Ir(PMe3)(CH3)2 with 1 equiv of Cp*Ir(PMe3)(OTf)2.4 When a solution of 4 in CH2Cl2 is put under an atmosphere of SO2 at room temperature, the orange solution immediately turns yellow. The 1H NMR spectrum shows the quantitative formation of a new p ...
X1-1 - murov.info
... Answer the following using only a periodic table as a source of information. Give as much information as possible using only the atomic number and atomic mass. 1. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a.* F b. Al c. Mn d. Au 2. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a.* Cl b. Cu 3 ...
... Answer the following using only a periodic table as a source of information. Give as much information as possible using only the atomic number and atomic mass. 1. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a.* F b. Al c. Mn d. Au 2. How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in a.* Cl b. Cu 3 ...
Rapid Microwave Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity
... of the phase requires the solid state reaction of Li3N and LiH at high temperature under strictly anaerobic conditions while preventing side reactions with container materials. In this work we demonstrate how microwave synthesis of Li4NH using both commercial multi-mode and single-mode microwave (MW ...
... of the phase requires the solid state reaction of Li3N and LiH at high temperature under strictly anaerobic conditions while preventing side reactions with container materials. In this work we demonstrate how microwave synthesis of Li4NH using both commercial multi-mode and single-mode microwave (MW ...
Ch 17 practice assessment w
... package and sealing. Some perishable items can be sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. If they are to stay fresh for the longest possible time, they need to be kept in a controlled environment. But, how can this be accomplished if they are traveling in a truck through different weather ...
... package and sealing. Some perishable items can be sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. If they are to stay fresh for the longest possible time, they need to be kept in a controlled environment. But, how can this be accomplished if they are traveling in a truck through different weather ...
Recaps and Additional Slides Chem 20B: Reference
... These can be quantified, but be careful of sign conventions – use your intuition Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions Disproportionation reactions – same element is both oxidized and reduced. With electrochemistry, we can quantitate amount of reaction Spontaneous reactions produce energy (generally ...
... These can be quantified, but be careful of sign conventions – use your intuition Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions Disproportionation reactions – same element is both oxidized and reduced. With electrochemistry, we can quantitate amount of reaction Spontaneous reactions produce energy (generally ...
Chemistry
... General introduction to salts, difference between double salt and coordination (complex salt) compound with respect to their ionization in water, with an example. Coordination entity, central metal ion, coordination number, coordination sphere, oxidation state of central metal ion, homoleptic and he ...
... General introduction to salts, difference between double salt and coordination (complex salt) compound with respect to their ionization in water, with an example. Coordination entity, central metal ion, coordination number, coordination sphere, oxidation state of central metal ion, homoleptic and he ...
Equilibrium Constant
... This specific reaction simplifies matters to the point that we can consider the activities of the products when determining Ksp. We would call this the activity product [AP] or ion activity product if only charged species are involved [IAP]. If the [AP] = Ksp, the system is in equilibrium,. If the [ ...
... This specific reaction simplifies matters to the point that we can consider the activities of the products when determining Ksp. We would call this the activity product [AP] or ion activity product if only charged species are involved [IAP]. If the [AP] = Ksp, the system is in equilibrium,. If the [ ...
printable version
... • Equilibrium is a dynamic state, this means that even though it seems that the reaction has stopped, in fact the products are still being made and used up-but at the same speed (rate). • Equilibrium is symbolized by the use of a double arrow ( ) or an equals sign (=) ...
... • Equilibrium is a dynamic state, this means that even though it seems that the reaction has stopped, in fact the products are still being made and used up-but at the same speed (rate). • Equilibrium is symbolized by the use of a double arrow ( ) or an equals sign (=) ...
Camp 1 - drjosephryan.com Home Page
... Ionic compounds, also called salts, consist of both positive and negative ions When an ionic compound dissolves in water, it dissociates to aqueous ions ...
... Ionic compounds, also called salts, consist of both positive and negative ions When an ionic compound dissolves in water, it dissociates to aqueous ions ...
Questions
... A molecule of this compound is chiral. Explain, with the aid of diagrams, how two optical isomers result from chiral a centre. Identify the chiral centre in such a molecule and explain how these isomers could be distinguished from each other. ...
... A molecule of this compound is chiral. Explain, with the aid of diagrams, how two optical isomers result from chiral a centre. Identify the chiral centre in such a molecule and explain how these isomers could be distinguished from each other. ...
Lewis acid catalysis
In Lewis acid catalysis of organic reactions, a metal-based Lewis acid acts as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate. Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp2 or sp3), nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The complexation has partial charge-transfer character and makes the lone-pair donor effectively more electronegative, activating the substrate toward nucleophilic attack, heterolytic bond cleavage, or cycloaddition with 1,3-dienes and 1,3-dipoles.Many classical reactions involving carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond formation can be catalyzed by Lewis acids. Examples include the Friedel-Crafts reaction, the aldol reaction, and various pericyclic processes that proceed slowly at room temperature, such as the Diels-Alder reaction and the ene reaction. In addition to accelerating the reactions, Lewis acid catalysts are able to impose regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in many cases.Early developments in Lewis acid reagents focused on easily available compounds such as TiCl4, BF3, SnCl4, and AlCl3. The relative strengths of these (and other) Lewis acids may be estimated from NMR spectroscopy by the Childs method or the Gutmann-Beckett method. Over the years, versatile catalysts bearing ligands designed for specific applications have facilitated improvement in both reactivity and selectivity of Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. More recently, Lewis acid catalysts with chiral ligands have become an important class of tools for asymmetric catalysis.Challenges in the development of Lewis acid catalysis include inefficient catalyst turnover (caused by catalyst affinity for the product) and the frequent requirement of two-point binding for stereoselectivity, which often necessitates the use of auxiliary groups.