Chapter 16: Energy and Chemical Change
... the water rushes down and does work by turning the turbines to produce electrical energy. Kinetic energy is energy of motion. You can observe kinetic energy in the motion around you. The potential energy of the dammed water is converted to kinetic energy as the dam gates are opened and the water flo ...
... the water rushes down and does work by turning the turbines to produce electrical energy. Kinetic energy is energy of motion. You can observe kinetic energy in the motion around you. The potential energy of the dammed water is converted to kinetic energy as the dam gates are opened and the water flo ...
AP Chemistry:
... Exam preparation. Teachers are permitted to download the materials and make copies to use with their students in a classroom setting only. To maintain the security of this exam, teachers should collect all materials after their administration and keep them in a secure location. Exams may not be post ...
... Exam preparation. Teachers are permitted to download the materials and make copies to use with their students in a classroom setting only. To maintain the security of this exam, teachers should collect all materials after their administration and keep them in a secure location. Exams may not be post ...
5 organic chemistry: functional groups
... O2.2 OXIDATION–REDUCTION REACTIONS Focusing on the functional groups in a molecule allows us to recognize patterns in the behavior of related compounds. Consider what we know about the reaction between sodium metal and water, for example. H2(g) 2 Na(aq) 2 OH(aq) ...
... O2.2 OXIDATION–REDUCTION REACTIONS Focusing on the functional groups in a molecule allows us to recognize patterns in the behavior of related compounds. Consider what we know about the reaction between sodium metal and water, for example. H2(g) 2 Na(aq) 2 OH(aq) ...
Homework Solutions Week 6
... 2So [Ag ] = Ksp/ [SO4 ] = 1.5x10-5/0.048 = .0177 M this is lower than .0300 M so some of the silver has already precipitated at this level of sulfate. .0177/0.0300 x 100% = 59% so 59% of the original silver is left in solution and 41% has precipitated. What can we learn from this? We can not use ...
... 2So [Ag ] = Ksp/ [SO4 ] = 1.5x10-5/0.048 = .0177 M this is lower than .0300 M so some of the silver has already precipitated at this level of sulfate. .0177/0.0300 x 100% = 59% so 59% of the original silver is left in solution and 41% has precipitated. What can we learn from this? We can not use ...
Properties of Systems in Equilibrium - Le
... Here you will find a reagent that will shift the acid-base equilibrium given by Reaction (7) in one direction and then a second reagent that will cause the equilibrium position to shift back in the opposite direction. Reagents needed for this part are: deionized water, bromothymol blue solution, a 6 ...
... Here you will find a reagent that will shift the acid-base equilibrium given by Reaction (7) in one direction and then a second reagent that will cause the equilibrium position to shift back in the opposite direction. Reagents needed for this part are: deionized water, bromothymol blue solution, a 6 ...
Chemical Thermodynamics - Winona State University
... • A process that is spontaneous in one direction is not spontaneous in the opposite direction. • The direction of a spontaneous process can depend on temperature: Ice turning to water is spontaneous at T > 0C, Water turning to ice is spontaneous at T < 0C. Reversible and Irreversible Processes • A ...
... • A process that is spontaneous in one direction is not spontaneous in the opposite direction. • The direction of a spontaneous process can depend on temperature: Ice turning to water is spontaneous at T > 0C, Water turning to ice is spontaneous at T < 0C. Reversible and Irreversible Processes • A ...
3.Redox
... or one of those covered in Rule 1 5. Most chlorides (Cl- ), bromides (Br- ), and iodides (I- ) are soluble except when the cation is Ag+, Hg22+, and Pb2+. 6. Most sulfates (SO42- ) are soluble except for the heavier Group 2 (Ba2+, Ca2+) , Pb2+, Hg2+, and Hg22+, with Ag2SO4 being moderately soluble. ...
... or one of those covered in Rule 1 5. Most chlorides (Cl- ), bromides (Br- ), and iodides (I- ) are soluble except when the cation is Ag+, Hg22+, and Pb2+. 6. Most sulfates (SO42- ) are soluble except for the heavier Group 2 (Ba2+, Ca2+) , Pb2+, Hg2+, and Hg22+, with Ag2SO4 being moderately soluble. ...
Examination - SCSA - School Curriculum and Standards Authority
... another half-cell containing an inert electrode in a metal nitrate solution. Which one of the following combinations of electrode and metal nitrate solution will produce an electrochemical cell with the greatest electrical potential under standard conditions? ...
... another half-cell containing an inert electrode in a metal nitrate solution. Which one of the following combinations of electrode and metal nitrate solution will produce an electrochemical cell with the greatest electrical potential under standard conditions? ...
Course : Chem 312F
... Examination of the theory courses of 100 marks (1.0 unit, 4 credit) shall be of 4 (four) hours' duration, and those of 50 marks (0.5 unit, 2 credit) shall be of 3 (three) hours' duration. The practical courses of 50 marks (0.5 unit, 2 credit) shall be of 12 (twelve) hours duration (2 days). Marks of ...
... Examination of the theory courses of 100 marks (1.0 unit, 4 credit) shall be of 4 (four) hours' duration, and those of 50 marks (0.5 unit, 2 credit) shall be of 3 (three) hours' duration. The practical courses of 50 marks (0.5 unit, 2 credit) shall be of 12 (twelve) hours duration (2 days). Marks of ...
Now we turn to the study of chemical kinetics. Kinetics is the study of
... species changes with time. We are interested in this because it allows us to know before we run a reaction how long it will take for a reactant to be 90% consumed or half consumed. In order to do this we are going to determine equations that relate the concentration of a reactant with time. This inv ...
... species changes with time. We are interested in this because it allows us to know before we run a reaction how long it will take for a reactant to be 90% consumed or half consumed. In order to do this we are going to determine equations that relate the concentration of a reactant with time. This inv ...
Polymer Electrolytes
... - ionic conductivity: 10-2 – 10-3 Scm-1 ideal at RT (min. 10-5 Scm-1 for practical use) - electrochemical stability in a voltage window-compatibility: chemically & electrochemically compatible with electrodes - Thermal stability - Mechanical stability - Availability: available & inexpensive ● Electr ...
... - ionic conductivity: 10-2 – 10-3 Scm-1 ideal at RT (min. 10-5 Scm-1 for practical use) - electrochemical stability in a voltage window-compatibility: chemically & electrochemically compatible with electrodes - Thermal stability - Mechanical stability - Availability: available & inexpensive ● Electr ...
chemistry
... Classification of matter by these properties can be done by measurements in a laboratory, or by simple observations which have been known for many centuries. Acids and bases have tastes that are distinctive: acids are sour (e.g. lemon juice) and bases bitter. Taste is not, however, a laboratory meth ...
... Classification of matter by these properties can be done by measurements in a laboratory, or by simple observations which have been known for many centuries. Acids and bases have tastes that are distinctive: acids are sour (e.g. lemon juice) and bases bitter. Taste is not, however, a laboratory meth ...
Summer Study Assignment – Honors Chem 2/AP Chemistry
... 31. Write the electron configuration using the Noble Gas core method for californium. 32. Write a balanced equation for the following double replacement reactions: a. Calcium hydroxide (aq) + nitric acid (aq) b. Chromium (III) sulfite (aq) + sulfuric acid (aq) c. Zinc chloride (aq) + ammonium su ...
... 31. Write the electron configuration using the Noble Gas core method for californium. 32. Write a balanced equation for the following double replacement reactions: a. Calcium hydroxide (aq) + nitric acid (aq) b. Chromium (III) sulfite (aq) + sulfuric acid (aq) c. Zinc chloride (aq) + ammonium su ...
2016 Chemistry Examination Paper
... (2) State whether the conversion of Cr2O72– into Cr represents oxidation or reduction. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ...
... (2) State whether the conversion of Cr2O72– into Cr represents oxidation or reduction. ________________________________________________________________________________________ ...
ХИМИЯ НА АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
... 2.1. The ratio of the mass of oxygen to carbon atom is 1.3329. What is the mass of the oxygen atom? 2.2. The ratio of the mass of bromine atom to carbon is 6.650. What is the mass of the bromine atom? 2.3. Calculate the number of moles in each of the following: a) 3.01x1022 N2 molecules; b) 4.82x102 ...
... 2.1. The ratio of the mass of oxygen to carbon atom is 1.3329. What is the mass of the oxygen atom? 2.2. The ratio of the mass of bromine atom to carbon is 6.650. What is the mass of the bromine atom? 2.3. Calculate the number of moles in each of the following: a) 3.01x1022 N2 molecules; b) 4.82x102 ...
SOLUBILITY RULES FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER
... For each of the following disturbances, indicate (1) the direction the equilibrium will shift, and (2) whether the new equilibrium pressure of CO2 will be higher, lower, or remain the same. (a) A decrease in the volume of the reaction container (b) Addition of carbon dioxide gas at constant volume ( ...
... For each of the following disturbances, indicate (1) the direction the equilibrium will shift, and (2) whether the new equilibrium pressure of CO2 will be higher, lower, or remain the same. (a) A decrease in the volume of the reaction container (b) Addition of carbon dioxide gas at constant volume ( ...
Original powerpoint (~1.9 MB)
... We’ve seen in reference to Le Chatalier’s Principle that if more than one reaction can take place in a container, then the reactions might not be able to be treated independently. Other equilibrium processes may affect the solubility of the solid and lead to miscalculated Ksp ...
... We’ve seen in reference to Le Chatalier’s Principle that if more than one reaction can take place in a container, then the reactions might not be able to be treated independently. Other equilibrium processes may affect the solubility of the solid and lead to miscalculated Ksp ...
Document
... 1.Taylor’s Theory of active Sites According to his theory (the 1920's), the surface atoms of a crystal • may be higher than the mean level of the surface act as the active sites of a catalyst. Such crystal "peaks" have free valences and are capable of forming reactive intermediates. This ...
... 1.Taylor’s Theory of active Sites According to his theory (the 1920's), the surface atoms of a crystal • may be higher than the mean level of the surface act as the active sites of a catalyst. Such crystal "peaks" have free valences and are capable of forming reactive intermediates. This ...
Removal of Chlorine Removal of Chlorine
... chlorine gases from streams of air. TEDA is necessary to promote hydrolysis reactions involving Cl2 and COCl2 Terminal hydroxyl groups associated with Zr(OH)4 contribute to the removal of HCl and product HCl (from hydrolysis of Cl2 or COCl2) Addition of zinc to the formulation greatly improves the r ...
... chlorine gases from streams of air. TEDA is necessary to promote hydrolysis reactions involving Cl2 and COCl2 Terminal hydroxyl groups associated with Zr(OH)4 contribute to the removal of HCl and product HCl (from hydrolysis of Cl2 or COCl2) Addition of zinc to the formulation greatly improves the r ...
Chapter 16: Energy and Chemical Change
... of any substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celsius. Because different substances have different compositions, each substance has its own specific heat. The specific heats of several common substances are listed in Table 16-2. ...
... of any substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celsius. Because different substances have different compositions, each substance has its own specific heat. The specific heats of several common substances are listed in Table 16-2. ...
Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry that studies chemical reactions which take place at the interface of an electrode, usually a solid metal or a semiconductor, and an ionic conductor, the electrolyte. These reactions involve electric charges moving between the electrodes and the electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution). Thus electrochemistry deals with the interaction between electrical energy and chemical change.When a chemical reaction is caused by an externally supplied current, as in electrolysis, or if an electric current is produced by a spontaneous chemical reaction as in a battery, it is called an electrochemical reaction. Chemical reactions where electrons are transferred directly between molecules and/or atoms are called oxidation-reduction or (redox) reactions. In general, electrochemistry describes the overall reactions when individual redox reactions are separate but connected by an external electric circuit and an intervening electrolyte.