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Lesson Objectives - Life Learning Cloud
Lesson Objectives - Life Learning Cloud

... Can you remember the word and symbol equation for photosynthesis? ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... – Not used up or formed as reaction proceeds – Work by forming temporary complex with one or more substrates • Attaches to substrate with reversible bonds • Formation distorts bonds of complex so further bond bending or stretching requires less energy ...
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... Explain the relationship between the rate of the reaction and substrate concentration in terms of the enzymes active sites ...
Chapter 9 – Respiration
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... respiration enable cells to produce ATP without the use of oxygen • Most cellular respiration requires O2 to produce ATP • Without O2, the electron transport chain will cease to ...



... C. I can discuss how the molecules of the water cycle and carbon cycle are conserved as they move through living and nonliving factors. Vocabulary: food chains, food webs, food pyramids, trophic levels, biomass, interdependence #3. I can describe the evolutionary significance of glycolysis, fermenta ...
Microbiology - Problem Drill 05: Microbial Metabolism Question No
Microbiology - Problem Drill 05: Microbial Metabolism Question No

... 2. Substrate level phosphorylation makes 2 molecules of ATP from ADP. During the formation of the two phosphorylated 3-carbon molecules 4 molecules of ATP are made. This results in a net gain of 2 ATP per ...
C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 6 CO 2 + H 2 O + ATP
C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 6 CO 2 + H 2 O + ATP

... Glycolysis is the break down of glucose into 2 pyruvate. How many ATP molecules are needed to start this reaction? zero, one, two or four ...
Electron Transport Chain
Electron Transport Chain

...  Takes electrons from NADH and FADH2 and uses them to produce ATP using the ATP synthase molecule.  Requires oxygen. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor on the electron transport chain  One glucose can produce a total of 36 ATP Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
NotesSkeletalMuscleActivity
NotesSkeletalMuscleActivity

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... enables intense exercises and does not cause acidosis because it is deprotonated o lactate thought to be the cause of muscle stiffness and soreness, but lactate levels in muscles return to normal within an hour after exercise o Reducing pyruvate to lactate consumes a proton (counters acidosis) o Aci ...
Lecture 23 – SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: G
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CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL
CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL

... In the third stage of respiration, the electron transport chain accepts electrons from the breakdown products of the first two stages (most often via NADH). In the electron transport chain, the electrons move from molecule to molecule until they combine with molecular oxygen and hydrogen ions to for ...
CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL
CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL

... In the third stage of respiration, the electron transport chain accepts electrons from the breakdown products of the first two stages (most often via NADH). In the electron transport chain, the electrons move from molecule to molecule until they combine with molecular oxygen and hydrogen ions to for ...
CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL
CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL

... In the third stage of respiration, the electron transport chain accepts electrons from the breakdown products of the first two stages (most often via NADH). In the electron transport chain, the electrons move from molecule to molecule until they combine with molecular oxygen and hydrogen ions to for ...
Chapter 3: Energy for Cells
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... along a series of carrier molecules on the surface of the thylakoid.  This  is called an electron transport chain. Each time the electron is passed from one carrier to another, some of  the energy it contains is lost. ...
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CHAPTER 9 CELLULAR RESPIRATION: HARVESTING CHEMICAL
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... In the third stage of respiration, the electron transport chain accepts electrons from the breakdown products of the first two stages (most often via NADH). In the electron transport chain, the electrons move from molecule to molecule until they combine with molecular oxygen and hydrogen ions to for ...
PHOTOBIOLOGY
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1. The compound which could act both as oxidising as well as
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... Radiation is emitted when a hydrogen atom goes from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The wavelength of one line in visible region of atomic spectrum of hydrogen is 6.5 × 10–7 m. Energy difference between the two states is (a) 3.0 × 10– 19 J (b) 1.0 × 10– 18 J ...
Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy
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You Light Up My Life - Hawaii Community College
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Energy - Walton High
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... Food is digested and stored in our bodies as potential energy. This potential energy can be transformed into kinetic energy as our bodies move and exercise. Chemicals may also be considered from a potential energy (PE) or kinetic energy (KE) standpoint. One pound of sugar has a certain PE. If that p ...
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Light-dependent reactions

In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions take place on the thylakoid membranes. The inside of the thylakoid membrane is called the lumen, and outside the thylakoid membrane is the stroma, where the light-independent reactions take place. The thylakoid membrane contains some integral membrane protein complexes that catalyze the light reactions. There are four major protein complexes in the thylakoid membrane: Photosystem II (PSII), Cytochrome b6f complex, Photosystem I (PSI), and ATP synthase. These four complexes work together to ultimately create the products ATP and NADPH.[.The two photosystems absorb light energy through pigments - primarily the chlorophylls, which are responsible for the green color of leaves. The light-dependent reactions begin in photosystem II. When a chlorophyll a molecule within the reaction center of PSII absorbs a photon, an electron in this molecule attains a higher energy level. Because this state of an electron is very unstable, the electron is transferred from one to another molecule creating a chain of redox reactions, called an electron transport chain (ETC). The electron flow goes from PSII to cytochrome b6f to PSI. In PSI, the electron gets the energy from another photon. The final electron acceptor is NADP. In oxygenic photosynthesis, the first electron donor is water, creating oxygen as a waste product. In anoxygenic photosynthesis various electron donors are used.Cytochrome b6f and ATP synthase work together to create ATP. This process is called photophosphorylation, which occurs in two different ways. In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, cytochrome b6f uses the energy of electrons from PSII to pump protons from the stroma to the lumen. The proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane creates a proton-motive force, used by ATP synthase to form ATP. In cyclic photophosphorylation, cytochrome b6f uses the energy of electrons from not only PSII but also PSI to create more ATP and to stop the production of NADPH. Cyclic phosphorylation is important to create ATP and maintain NADPH in the right proportion for the light-independent reactions.The net-reaction of all light-dependent reactions in oxygenic photosynthesis is:2H2O + 2NADP+ + 3ADP + 3Pi → O2 + 2NADPH + 3ATPThe two photosystems are protein complexes that absorb photons and are able to use this energy to create an electron transport chain. Photosystem I and II are very similar in structure and function. They use special proteins, called light-harvesting complexes, to absorb the photons with very high effectiveness. If a special pigment molecule in a photosynthetic reaction center absorbs a photon, an electron in this pigment attains the excited state and then is transferred to another molecule in the reaction center. This reaction, called photoinduced charge separation, is the start of the electron flow and is unique because it transforms light energy into chemical forms.
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