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Chem 1st Sem Rev Ch2
Chem 1st Sem Rev Ch2

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... Describe evidence of a chemical change State that during a chemical change a new substance is made Recall the differences between a chemical and a physical change ...
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Chemistry 221

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... becomes O2_ and Cl becomes Cl-. They are no longer atoms. Now they are ions. Ions are charged atoms. There are two broad types: cations are positively charged ions and anions are negatively charged particles. (2) the size of the ion changes. A cation has less electrons than protons so every electron ...
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... One exception: Helium only has two electrons, and we show them as a pair. Atoms which have a full set of valence electrons are very stable, as stable as Nobel Gases. (stable = not reactive) Skip the Transition Metals ...
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... anti-bonding orbital (indicated with a superscript asterisk) • electrons tend to spend more of their time not between the nuclei • tends to weaken the bond • called destructive interference: has a higher energy than the states of the isolated atoms you can also have a non-boding orbital, which has n ...
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... Electronegativity is the power of a chemically bonded atom to attract electrons to itself. Electronegativity decreases down the group but increase across a period due increased distance between the valence electron and the nucleus i.e., greater atomic radius. Example of an electropositive (low elect ...
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12-3: Lewis Structures

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CHAPTER 10 - NUCLEAR PHYSICS

... outer shell with an inert gas configuration. For most elements this is eight electrons. For hydrogen, lithium, beryllium, and boron this number is two since they reach their lowest energy state with an electron configuration like helium. In a 100% ionic bond, an electron is transferred from one atom ...
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Atomic Structure 1. Historical perspective of the model of the atom a

... which stated that all matter is made of atoms, atoms of the same type of element have the same chemical properties, compounds are formed by two or more different types of atoms, and that a chemical reaction involves either, joining, separating, or rearranging atoms. b.) In 1910, Ernest Rutherford pa ...
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Ion

An ion (/ˈaɪən, -ɒn/) is an atom or a molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge.Ions can be created, by either chemical or physical means, via ionization. In chemical terms, if a neutral atom loses one or more electrons, it has a net positive charge and is known as a cation. If an atom gains electrons, it has a net negative charge and is known as an anion. An ion consisting of a single atom is an atomic or monatomic ion; if it consists of two or more atoms, it is a molecular or polyatomic ion. Because of their electric charges, cations and anions attract each other and readily form ionic compounds, such as salts. In the case of physical ionization of a medium, such as a gas, what are known as ""ion pairs"" are created by ion impact, and each pair consists of a free electron and a positive ion.
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