Classification of plant-pathogenic mycoplasma
... A method has been developed to amplify the 16s rRNA gene of plant-pathogenic mycoplasma-like organisms (MLOs) from infected plant material using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The procedure is dependent on the presence of a BcZI restriction site in the 16s rDNA of chloroplasts but not in that ...
... A method has been developed to amplify the 16s rRNA gene of plant-pathogenic mycoplasma-like organisms (MLOs) from infected plant material using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The procedure is dependent on the presence of a BcZI restriction site in the 16s rDNA of chloroplasts but not in that ...
Structural Studies on the Dosage Compensation Complex from
... 2.2.4 Restriction enzyme digestion of plasmid as well as desired PCR product ...
... 2.2.4 Restriction enzyme digestion of plasmid as well as desired PCR product ...
Collaborative coupling between polymerase and helicase for
... DNA synthesis by a holoenzyme on a DNA hairpin presents two phases. Initially, the holoenzyme has to open a base pair to incorporate a new nucleotide (strand displacement synthesis activity). This phase gives rise to a large change in extension, typically 0.8 nm for a nucleotide incorporated at 10 ...
... DNA synthesis by a holoenzyme on a DNA hairpin presents two phases. Initially, the holoenzyme has to open a base pair to incorporate a new nucleotide (strand displacement synthesis activity). This phase gives rise to a large change in extension, typically 0.8 nm for a nucleotide incorporated at 10 ...
Resources for the map-based cloning of tga1
... (Genbank AY883436-AY883558) using the PCR primers and conditions listed above. PCR products from Z. diploperennis were cloned into the TA vector (pCR 2.1-TOPO kit, Invitrogen) and at least four clones were sequenced. Nucleotide diversity (π), and Tajima's D statistic (Tajima, 1989, Genetics 123:585- ...
... (Genbank AY883436-AY883558) using the PCR primers and conditions listed above. PCR products from Z. diploperennis were cloned into the TA vector (pCR 2.1-TOPO kit, Invitrogen) and at least four clones were sequenced. Nucleotide diversity (π), and Tajima's D statistic (Tajima, 1989, Genetics 123:585- ...
biology - Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1 Kanchrapara
... 6. Name the host cell that produces a foreign gene product? What is the product called? 7. How can bacterial DNA be released from the bacterial cell for biotechnology experiments. 8. Mention the uses of cloning vector in biotechnology. 9. Why do DNA- fragments move towards the anode during gel elect ...
... 6. Name the host cell that produces a foreign gene product? What is the product called? 7. How can bacterial DNA be released from the bacterial cell for biotechnology experiments. 8. Mention the uses of cloning vector in biotechnology. 9. Why do DNA- fragments move towards the anode during gel elect ...
Structural organization of the transfer RNA gene clusters of cholera
... most cases, host aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and tRNAs. However, infections of Escherichia coli cells with T5 (Scherberg and Weiss 1970) and T-even phages (McClain et al 1972; Wilson et al 1972; Desai and Weiss 1977) induce the synthesis of a large number of tRNA species coded by the phage genome. A ...
... most cases, host aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and tRNAs. However, infections of Escherichia coli cells with T5 (Scherberg and Weiss 1970) and T-even phages (McClain et al 1972; Wilson et al 1972; Desai and Weiss 1977) induce the synthesis of a large number of tRNA species coded by the phage genome. A ...
B.2 Specific Aims. The term `epigenetics` literally means `above the
... modifications of gene expression potential[1]. DNA methylation is one molecular mechanism mediating epigenetic phenomena, and indicates the covalent transfer of a methyl group to the carbon at position 5 of cytosine residues,[2] usually within regions of DNA in which cytosine occurs next to a guanin ...
... modifications of gene expression potential[1]. DNA methylation is one molecular mechanism mediating epigenetic phenomena, and indicates the covalent transfer of a methyl group to the carbon at position 5 of cytosine residues,[2] usually within regions of DNA in which cytosine occurs next to a guanin ...
Multiregional origin of B chromosomes in the grasshopper
... intraspecific hypothesis likely applies to many, perhaps most, B chromosomes, there is sound evidence that some of them have arisen through interspecific hybridization (see McAllister and Werren 1997; Perfectti and Werren 2001). In every case, one of the most difficult questions to address is the id ...
... intraspecific hypothesis likely applies to many, perhaps most, B chromosomes, there is sound evidence that some of them have arisen through interspecific hybridization (see McAllister and Werren 1997; Perfectti and Werren 2001). In every case, one of the most difficult questions to address is the id ...
Part II—What Is the Evidence that Nanobacteria Are Alive?
... results by other scientists. If others can repeat your work, then it is likely (although not guaranteed) that your conclusions and hypotheses are correct. In October of 2000, Cisar et al. (et al. means "and others") published a paper (PNAS 97:11511-11515; 2000) that examined the original work of Kaj ...
... results by other scientists. If others can repeat your work, then it is likely (although not guaranteed) that your conclusions and hypotheses are correct. In October of 2000, Cisar et al. (et al. means "and others") published a paper (PNAS 97:11511-11515; 2000) that examined the original work of Kaj ...
Transduction
... There is no meiosis in bacteria so special techniques have been worked out for manipulating genes in bacteria so that mapping experiments, strain construction, and complementation tests can be done. First, we need a way of getting chromosomal DNA from one cell into another. There are several ways to ...
... There is no meiosis in bacteria so special techniques have been worked out for manipulating genes in bacteria so that mapping experiments, strain construction, and complementation tests can be done. First, we need a way of getting chromosomal DNA from one cell into another. There are several ways to ...
Nucleolar caspase-2: Protecting us from DNA damage
... depletion inhibited caspase-2 cleavage after DNA damage in ...
... depletion inhibited caspase-2 cleavage after DNA damage in ...
Multiple Mechanisms Contribute to Lateral Transfer of an
... preparation made from Sphingobium fuliginis ATCC 27551 was directly used for tagging with minitransposon EZ-Tn5,R6Kgori/KAN-2. using the EZTn5 ,R6Kgori/KAN-2. insertion kit (Epicenter Biotechnologies, USA) following the manufacturer’s protocols. The isolated plasmid preparation and minitransposon wa ...
... preparation made from Sphingobium fuliginis ATCC 27551 was directly used for tagging with minitransposon EZ-Tn5,R6Kgori/KAN-2. using the EZTn5 ,R6Kgori/KAN-2. insertion kit (Epicenter Biotechnologies, USA) following the manufacturer’s protocols. The isolated plasmid preparation and minitransposon wa ...
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
... nucleotidyltransferase, responsible for the inactivation of aminoglycosidic antibiotics. Like other small plasmids in S. aureus, as well as in coliform bacteria, RApOl appears to replicate under relaxed control, with a minimal estimate of 50 copies of plasmid per cell. The nucleotidyltransferase has ...
... nucleotidyltransferase, responsible for the inactivation of aminoglycosidic antibiotics. Like other small plasmids in S. aureus, as well as in coliform bacteria, RApOl appears to replicate under relaxed control, with a minimal estimate of 50 copies of plasmid per cell. The nucleotidyltransferase has ...
Genetic dissection of Helicobacter pylori AddAB role in homologous
... exogenous DNA into its chromosome by HR. This process is dependent on a functional RecA (Schmitt et al., 1995); however, in strain 26695, the absence of either HR initiation complexes does not impair the integration process (Amundsen et al., 2008; Marsin et al., 2008). Consistently, Table 2 shows th ...
... exogenous DNA into its chromosome by HR. This process is dependent on a functional RecA (Schmitt et al., 1995); however, in strain 26695, the absence of either HR initiation complexes does not impair the integration process (Amundsen et al., 2008; Marsin et al., 2008). Consistently, Table 2 shows th ...
(S) tet Resistance Determinant Element Containing the Tetracycline
... linked to homologues of the Tn916 orf6, orf9, and orf7. In this work, we show that the tet(S) gene from a Streptococcus intermedius isolate, originally isolated from a 5-year-old human child, is contained within a functional Tn916-like element. All chemicals were purchased from BDH (Poole, United Ki ...
... linked to homologues of the Tn916 orf6, orf9, and orf7. In this work, we show that the tet(S) gene from a Streptococcus intermedius isolate, originally isolated from a 5-year-old human child, is contained within a functional Tn916-like element. All chemicals were purchased from BDH (Poole, United Ki ...
Lec 16 - RNA and IT`s Structure
... approximately as many types of mRNA molecules as there are genes. There may be 1,000 to 10.000 different species of mRNA in a cell. These mRNA types differ only in the sequence of their bases and in length. When one gene (cistron) codes for a single mRNA strand the mRNA is said to be monocistronic. ...
... approximately as many types of mRNA molecules as there are genes. There may be 1,000 to 10.000 different species of mRNA in a cell. These mRNA types differ only in the sequence of their bases and in length. When one gene (cistron) codes for a single mRNA strand the mRNA is said to be monocistronic. ...
CB3 - Homework
... In each ‘rung’ of a DNA molecule, there are two bases. There are only two options for what these bases can be. What are those options? Explain your reasoning. ...
... In each ‘rung’ of a DNA molecule, there are two bases. There are only two options for what these bases can be. What are those options? Explain your reasoning. ...
RNA/DNA catalysts
... introns, RNase P, small self-cleaving), what reactions they perform, know basics of their secondary and tertiary structure, requirements for cofactors/metals/proteins/ATP Know details of glmS ribozyme self-cleavage Understand use of ribozymes as therapeutics In vitro selection - understand the proce ...
... introns, RNase P, small self-cleaving), what reactions they perform, know basics of their secondary and tertiary structure, requirements for cofactors/metals/proteins/ATP Know details of glmS ribozyme self-cleavage Understand use of ribozymes as therapeutics In vitro selection - understand the proce ...
PDF
... anaerobic bacterium. D. turgidum and D. thermophilum together form the Dictyoglomi phylum. The two Dictyoglomus genomes are highly syntenic, and both are distantly related to Caldicellulosiruptor spp. D. turgidum is able to grow on a wide variety of polysaccharide substrates due to significant genom ...
... anaerobic bacterium. D. turgidum and D. thermophilum together form the Dictyoglomi phylum. The two Dictyoglomus genomes are highly syntenic, and both are distantly related to Caldicellulosiruptor spp. D. turgidum is able to grow on a wide variety of polysaccharide substrates due to significant genom ...
Supplementary Figure Legends (doc 52K)
... these hydrocarbons in incubations with the corresponding unlabelled substrates as measured by HPLC (naphthalene and phenanthrene) or GCMS (n-hexadecane) (squares). (a) phenanthrene; (b) naphthalene; (c) n-hexadecane. The endpoint for these SIP incubations was determined to be 5 days. Each data point ...
... these hydrocarbons in incubations with the corresponding unlabelled substrates as measured by HPLC (naphthalene and phenanthrene) or GCMS (n-hexadecane) (squares). (a) phenanthrene; (b) naphthalene; (c) n-hexadecane. The endpoint for these SIP incubations was determined to be 5 days. Each data point ...
Site specific insertion of a type I rDNA dement into a unique
... We describe a cloned segment of unique DNA from the Oregon R strain of Drosophila melanogaster that contains a short type I insertion of the kind principally found within rDNA. The predominant type I rDNA insertion is 5kb in length, but there are also a co-terminal sub-set of shorter type I elements ...
... We describe a cloned segment of unique DNA from the Oregon R strain of Drosophila melanogaster that contains a short type I insertion of the kind principally found within rDNA. The predominant type I rDNA insertion is 5kb in length, but there are also a co-terminal sub-set of shorter type I elements ...
Molecular cloning
Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of one molecule to produce a population of cells with identical DNA molecules. Molecular cloning generally uses DNA sequences from two different organisms: the species that is the source of the DNA to be cloned, and the species that will serve as the living host for replication of the recombinant DNA. Molecular cloning methods are central to many contemporary areas of modern biology and medicine.In a conventional molecular cloning experiment, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism of interest, then treated with enzymes in the test tube to generate smaller DNA fragments. Subsequently, these fragments are then combined with vector DNA to generate recombinant DNA molecules. The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism (typically an easy-to-grow, benign, laboratory strain of E. coli bacteria). This will generate a population of organisms in which recombinant DNA molecules are replicated along with the host DNA. Because they contain foreign DNA fragments, these are transgenic or genetically modified microorganisms (GMO). This process takes advantage of the fact that a single bacterial cell can be induced to take up and replicate a single recombinant DNA molecule. This single cell can then be expanded exponentially to generate a large amount of bacteria, each of which contain copies of the original recombinant molecule. Thus, both the resulting bacterial population, and the recombinant DNA molecule, are commonly referred to as ""clones"". Strictly speaking, recombinant DNA refers to DNA molecules, while molecular cloning refers to the experimental methods used to assemble them.