The Arf and Rab11 effector FIP3 acts synergistically with ASAP1 to
... containing Rab11a, the Arf GTPase-activating protein (GAP) ASAP1 and the Arf-Rab11 effector FIP3 (also known as RAB11FIP3) (Mazelova et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2012). The rhodopsin sequence encodes at least two ciliary targeting motifs, the VxPx and the FR, and they are conserved among other ciliary ...
... containing Rab11a, the Arf GTPase-activating protein (GAP) ASAP1 and the Arf-Rab11 effector FIP3 (also known as RAB11FIP3) (Mazelova et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2012). The rhodopsin sequence encodes at least two ciliary targeting motifs, the VxPx and the FR, and they are conserved among other ciliary ...
Scarface, a secreted serine proteaselike protein, regulates polarized
... These data suggest that LanA and Wb have a redundant function and that Scarf most probably promotes BM localization of not only LanA but also Wb. Consistent with the proposed redundancy, halving the dose of lanA or wb increased the frequency of the bPS integrin loss-of-function cuticle phenotype (su ...
... These data suggest that LanA and Wb have a redundant function and that Scarf most probably promotes BM localization of not only LanA but also Wb. Consistent with the proposed redundancy, halving the dose of lanA or wb increased the frequency of the bPS integrin loss-of-function cuticle phenotype (su ...
Imaging the fate of histone Cse4 reveals de novo replacement in S
... of centromere–kinetochore interactions. Despite this simplicity, the architecture of Cse4 nucleosomes has become the subject of much debate. Cse4 nucleosomes have been reported to differ from the canonical nucleosome not only by the replacement of both molecules of histone H3 by the Cse4 variant, bu ...
... of centromere–kinetochore interactions. Despite this simplicity, the architecture of Cse4 nucleosomes has become the subject of much debate. Cse4 nucleosomes have been reported to differ from the canonical nucleosome not only by the replacement of both molecules of histone H3 by the Cse4 variant, bu ...
Ebolavirus Proteins Suppress the Effects of Small
... SRSs in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) binding and IFN antagonism. The presence of three suppressors highlights the relevance of host RNAi-dependent antiviral immunity in EBOV infection and illustrates the importance of RNAi in shaping the evolution of RNA viruses. binding proteins (dsRBPs) that functi ...
... SRSs in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) binding and IFN antagonism. The presence of three suppressors highlights the relevance of host RNAi-dependent antiviral immunity in EBOV infection and illustrates the importance of RNAi in shaping the evolution of RNA viruses. binding proteins (dsRBPs) that functi ...
Towards the construction of Escherichia coli cell
... In this work, a DNA template was design and purified. The DNA template was purified using an alkaline lysis and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. This method allows us to produce in higher quantity and lower cost. The tRNA purification was achieved by extracting the nucleic acids by phenol ext ...
... In this work, a DNA template was design and purified. The DNA template was purified using an alkaline lysis and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. This method allows us to produce in higher quantity and lower cost. The tRNA purification was achieved by extracting the nucleic acids by phenol ext ...
Phenotypic Heterogeneity Enables Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
... determined in 96-well microtiter plate. Growth was assessed after incubation for 18 h, and the MIC value was determined. Serum and antibiotic sensitivity. Cells from DMSO stock were diluted 1:100 in filtered LB medium and grown aerobically to the stationary phase (20 h). Cells were harvested, washed ...
... determined in 96-well microtiter plate. Growth was assessed after incubation for 18 h, and the MIC value was determined. Serum and antibiotic sensitivity. Cells from DMSO stock were diluted 1:100 in filtered LB medium and grown aerobically to the stationary phase (20 h). Cells were harvested, washed ...
Measurements of translation initiation from all 64 codons in E. coli
... number. We detected initiation of protein synthesis above measurement background for 47 codons. Translation from non-canonical start codons ranged from 0.007 to 3% relative to translation from AUG. Translation from 17 non-AUG codons exceeded the highest reported rates of non-cognate codon recognitio ...
... number. We detected initiation of protein synthesis above measurement background for 47 codons. Translation from non-canonical start codons ranged from 0.007 to 3% relative to translation from AUG. Translation from 17 non-AUG codons exceeded the highest reported rates of non-cognate codon recognitio ...
Diapositive 1
... Figure S3. Rodent Par-4 is phosphorylated by CK2 at residues S124 and S223 (A, B) The phosphopeptides observed in Fig.2A (phosphorylated by the recombinant CK2) were analyzed as described in Material and Methods by MALDI-TOFF mass spectrometry (A) and Edman degradation (B), thus identifying S124 and ...
... Figure S3. Rodent Par-4 is phosphorylated by CK2 at residues S124 and S223 (A, B) The phosphopeptides observed in Fig.2A (phosphorylated by the recombinant CK2) were analyzed as described in Material and Methods by MALDI-TOFF mass spectrometry (A) and Edman degradation (B), thus identifying S124 and ...
The caspase-cleaved DAP5 protein supports internal ribosome entry
... cap-dependent translation mode is abrogated severely. These IRESs are referred to in this work as ‘‘death IRESs,’’ because they maintain their translation rate in the dying cell. What molecular mechanisms underlie the switch from capdependent to IRES-mediated translation in dying cells? Normally eIF ...
... cap-dependent translation mode is abrogated severely. These IRESs are referred to in this work as ‘‘death IRESs,’’ because they maintain their translation rate in the dying cell. What molecular mechanisms underlie the switch from capdependent to IRES-mediated translation in dying cells? Normally eIF ...
Abundant Type III Lipid Transfer Proteins in
... organism surface, symbiotic association between plants and microbes, formation of epidermis surface lipids, seed endosperm lipid recycling, and protection of protease digestion during programmed cell death, cell wall extension, and pollen tube and style track recognition (Edstam et al., 2011). LTPs ...
... organism surface, symbiotic association between plants and microbes, formation of epidermis surface lipids, seed endosperm lipid recycling, and protection of protease digestion during programmed cell death, cell wall extension, and pollen tube and style track recognition (Edstam et al., 2011). LTPs ...
An Auxin Gradient and Maximum in the Arabidopsis
... follows. First, the diameter of the GFP-expressing protoplasts was measured using light microscopy, and the average cell size for each line was calculated (Figure 2A). The volume and finally the weight of the protoplasts were then calculated from their average diameters, assuming that cells of all t ...
... follows. First, the diameter of the GFP-expressing protoplasts was measured using light microscopy, and the average cell size for each line was calculated (Figure 2A). The volume and finally the weight of the protoplasts were then calculated from their average diameters, assuming that cells of all t ...
equation
... Introduction: the resolution issue The observation of dynamic processes in live cells, ranging from vesicle fusions, and protein transport to the emergence and decay of calcium waves, to name a few, has tremendously increased our understanding of the underlying biochemical networks. Major driving fo ...
... Introduction: the resolution issue The observation of dynamic processes in live cells, ranging from vesicle fusions, and protein transport to the emergence and decay of calcium waves, to name a few, has tremendously increased our understanding of the underlying biochemical networks. Major driving fo ...
Cell Wall Polysaccharides are Mislocalized to the Vacuole in
... Pectins accumulate within echidna seed coat mucilage secretory cells The mucilage secretory cells of the Arabidopsis thaliana seed coat epidermis provide a model secretory system in which large amounts of cell wall polysaccharides are secreted as pectic mucilage (Western et al. 2000). In order to de ...
... Pectins accumulate within echidna seed coat mucilage secretory cells The mucilage secretory cells of the Arabidopsis thaliana seed coat epidermis provide a model secretory system in which large amounts of cell wall polysaccharides are secreted as pectic mucilage (Western et al. 2000). In order to de ...
Identification of plant cytoskeleton-interacting proteins
... (60 lm sec)1) as cytoplasmic streaming in this alga (HigashiFujime et al., 1995) and birch pollen profilin binds to human VASP directly and stabilizes microfilaments in animal cells (Reinhard et al., 1995; Rothkegel et al., 1996). Despite the similar sequence and structure of the cytoskeleton buildi ...
... (60 lm sec)1) as cytoplasmic streaming in this alga (HigashiFujime et al., 1995) and birch pollen profilin binds to human VASP directly and stabilizes microfilaments in animal cells (Reinhard et al., 1995; Rothkegel et al., 1996). Despite the similar sequence and structure of the cytoskeleton buildi ...
Characterization of chloroplasts in pavement cells of Arabidopsis
... The presence of PCC in Arabidopsis was best appreciated when the pavement cells were viewed from a lateral perspective. As shown in Fig. 1 this view was easily achieved for pavement cells lying at the edges of cotyledons and leaves. It allowed direct observation of the subcellular environment around ...
... The presence of PCC in Arabidopsis was best appreciated when the pavement cells were viewed from a lateral perspective. As shown in Fig. 1 this view was easily achieved for pavement cells lying at the edges of cotyledons and leaves. It allowed direct observation of the subcellular environment around ...
Establishment of monitoring methods for autophagy in rice reveals
... with concanamycin A in nutrient-free solution for 6 h in darkness, we observed many vesicles exhibiting strong RFP signal and the spread of faint RFP signal in the central area of the root cells (Fig. 1B). In addition, vesicle structures were visible in differential interference contrast (DIC) image ...
... with concanamycin A in nutrient-free solution for 6 h in darkness, we observed many vesicles exhibiting strong RFP signal and the spread of faint RFP signal in the central area of the root cells (Fig. 1B). In addition, vesicle structures were visible in differential interference contrast (DIC) image ...
tr-kit promotes the formation of a multimolecular complex composed
... tyrosine phosphorylation of Sam68 (Shen et al., 1999). Once phosphorylated in the carboxyterminal region, Sam68 recruits the SH2 domains of PLCg1, Grb2 and Src-kinases themselves (Richard et al., 1995). Since these signaling proteins already interact with Sam68 through their SH3 domains, SH2-binding ...
... tyrosine phosphorylation of Sam68 (Shen et al., 1999). Once phosphorylated in the carboxyterminal region, Sam68 recruits the SH2 domains of PLCg1, Grb2 and Src-kinases themselves (Richard et al., 1995). Since these signaling proteins already interact with Sam68 through their SH3 domains, SH2-binding ...
Investigation of the interactions between MreB, the
... The group II chaperonin tail-less complex polypeptide 1 (TCP-1) ring complex, TRiC, is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes. It consists of two rings built up by eight non-identical subunits, unlike GroEL where all subunits are identical. Like other group II chaperonins it does not need a cofactor t ...
... The group II chaperonin tail-less complex polypeptide 1 (TCP-1) ring complex, TRiC, is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes. It consists of two rings built up by eight non-identical subunits, unlike GroEL where all subunits are identical. Like other group II chaperonins it does not need a cofactor t ...
Nucleolar localization of an isoform of the IGF
... ing an anti-nucleolus monoclonal antibody and confirmed the localization as being nucleolar (Fig. 4). A nucleolar localization signal in the Eb domain To test the role of IGF-I domains in the nuclear and nucleolar localization, chimeras were constructed that deleted part of exon 3 encoding the B and ...
... ing an anti-nucleolus monoclonal antibody and confirmed the localization as being nucleolar (Fig. 4). A nucleolar localization signal in the Eb domain To test the role of IGF-I domains in the nuclear and nucleolar localization, chimeras were constructed that deleted part of exon 3 encoding the B and ...
Proteomic Analysis of the Arabidopsis Nucleolus Suggests Novel
... closely associated fibrillar centers (FC). The early processing of rRNAs occurs in the DFC and ribosomal subunits are assembled in the granular component (GC; Shaw and Jordan, 1995; Scheer and Hock, 1999; Carmo-Fonseca et al., 2000). In plant nucleoli, the active rDNA transcription units are well di ...
... closely associated fibrillar centers (FC). The early processing of rRNAs occurs in the DFC and ribosomal subunits are assembled in the granular component (GC; Shaw and Jordan, 1995; Scheer and Hock, 1999; Carmo-Fonseca et al., 2000). In plant nucleoli, the active rDNA transcription units are well di ...
SirA enforces diploidy by inhibiting the replication
... DnaA–GFP fusion inserted at an ectopic chromosomal locus. Cells expressing this fusion contained two DnaA– GFP foci per DNA mass, one near each cell quarter, or a diffuse fluorescent haze that appeared to colocalize with the DAPI-stained DNA (Fig. 5). DnaA–YFP exhibited a similar localization patter ...
... DnaA–GFP fusion inserted at an ectopic chromosomal locus. Cells expressing this fusion contained two DnaA– GFP foci per DNA mass, one near each cell quarter, or a diffuse fluorescent haze that appeared to colocalize with the DAPI-stained DNA (Fig. 5). DnaA–YFP exhibited a similar localization patter ...
Interplay between SCARECROW, GA and LIKE
... yeast cells, all the putative SCR-interacting proteins interact specifically with the N-terminal domain (ND) of SCR. This observation suggests that the ND may be important for SCR function. Recently we have demonstrated that nuclear localization is critical for the restriction of SHR movement by SCR ...
... yeast cells, all the putative SCR-interacting proteins interact specifically with the N-terminal domain (ND) of SCR. This observation suggests that the ND may be important for SCR function. Recently we have demonstrated that nuclear localization is critical for the restriction of SHR movement by SCR ...
Arabidopsis RTM1 and RTM2 Genes Function in Phloem to Restrict
... was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion containing a poly-His tag (RTM1-His6). Recombinant RTM1His6 was purified and used to immunize Rhode Island red chickens. Extracts from roots, rosette leaves, stems, and inflorescence tissue of the TEV-restrictive ecotype Col-0 (RTM1/RTM1) were tested for ...
... was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion containing a poly-His tag (RTM1-His6). Recombinant RTM1His6 was purified and used to immunize Rhode Island red chickens. Extracts from roots, rosette leaves, stems, and inflorescence tissue of the TEV-restrictive ecotype Col-0 (RTM1/RTM1) were tested for ...
Specification of the C. elegans MS blastomere by the T
... figure (Mello et al., 1992). The table summarizing the major embryonic cell types made by descendants of AB, MS, D and C was adapted from lineage data (Sulston et al., 1983). In embryo diagrams, anterior is towards the left, and dorsal is upwards. ...
... figure (Mello et al., 1992). The table summarizing the major embryonic cell types made by descendants of AB, MS, D and C was adapted from lineage data (Sulston et al., 1983). In embryo diagrams, anterior is towards the left, and dorsal is upwards. ...
pig-1_final 121812
... PAR-4 and STRD-1 function in the same pathway as PIG-1 and promote other PIG-1dependent asymmetries: The observation that the strd-1(rr91); par-4(it57ts) double mutant died during embryogenesis, even at the permissive temperature for par-4(it57ts) (KIM et al. 2010; NARBONNE et al. 2010), precluded u ...
... PAR-4 and STRD-1 function in the same pathway as PIG-1 and promote other PIG-1dependent asymmetries: The observation that the strd-1(rr91); par-4(it57ts) double mutant died during embryogenesis, even at the permissive temperature for par-4(it57ts) (KIM et al. 2010; NARBONNE et al. 2010), precluded u ...
Green fluorescent protein
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein composed of 238 amino acid residues (26.9 kDa) that exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. Although many other marine organisms have similar green fluorescent proteins, GFP traditionally refers to the protein first isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. The GFP from A. victoria has a major excitation peak at a wavelength of 395 nm and a minor one at 475 nm. Its emission peak is at 509 nm, which is in the lower green portion of the visible spectrum. The fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of GFP is 0.79. The GFP from the sea pansy (Renilla reniformis) has a single major excitation peak at 498 nm.In cell and molecular biology, the GFP gene is frequently used as a reporter of expression. In modified forms it has been used to make biosensors, and many animals have been created that express GFP as a proof-of-concept that a gene can be expressed throughout a given organism. The GFP gene can be introduced into organisms and maintained in their genome through breeding, injection with a viral vector, or cell transformation. To date, the GFP gene has been introduced and expressed in many Bacteria, Yeast and other Fungi, fish (such as zebrafish), plant, fly, and mammalian cells, including human. Martin Chalfie, Osamu Shimomura, and Roger Y. Tsien were awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry on 10 October 2008 for their discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein.