Fluorescence Enhancement of Fluorescein Isothiocyanate
... It has been reported that the degree of fluorescence enhancement of FITC caused by affinity binding was 1.6-fold with protein A ― IgG interaction in PBS [8] and 1.5-fold with DNA interaction [7]. On the other hand, glycerin treatment enhances fluorescence of immobilized FITC-labeled antibody by appr ...
... It has been reported that the degree of fluorescence enhancement of FITC caused by affinity binding was 1.6-fold with protein A ― IgG interaction in PBS [8] and 1.5-fold with DNA interaction [7]. On the other hand, glycerin treatment enhances fluorescence of immobilized FITC-labeled antibody by appr ...
Paired and LIM class homeodomain proteins coordinate
... allow a unique response to EGFR activity, but also factors that control the expression of EGFR and its effectors within the nervous system. Mutants of the first class have been previously described (Van Buskirk and Sternberg, 2007) and implicate PLC- signaling through the second messenger diacylgly ...
... allow a unique response to EGFR activity, but also factors that control the expression of EGFR and its effectors within the nervous system. Mutants of the first class have been previously described (Van Buskirk and Sternberg, 2007) and implicate PLC- signaling through the second messenger diacylgly ...
Chemical warfare and survival strategies in bacterial range
... subsequently diffuse through the extracellular fluid around bacterial cells until possibly being absorbed by sensitive E. coli cells. The sensitive cells are prone to the endonuclease activity of colicin and suffer a degeneration of their DNA, which inhibits further cell divisions [48]. Eventually, ...
... subsequently diffuse through the extracellular fluid around bacterial cells until possibly being absorbed by sensitive E. coli cells. The sensitive cells are prone to the endonuclease activity of colicin and suffer a degeneration of their DNA, which inhibits further cell divisions [48]. Eventually, ...
Risk Reduction in Drinking Water Distribution Systems by On
... When M. smegmatis was examined using the same lipid ratios, there was an increase in nonviable cells and in stress in the monoculture biofilm relative to the mixed biofilm community, but unlike E. coli, chlorine did not affect these ratios. These results suggest that for Mycobacteria, the stress of ...
... When M. smegmatis was examined using the same lipid ratios, there was an increase in nonviable cells and in stress in the monoculture biofilm relative to the mixed biofilm community, but unlike E. coli, chlorine did not affect these ratios. These results suggest that for Mycobacteria, the stress of ...
Breaking the Diffraction Barrier: Super
... light beam (red, second layer) is used to bring molecules back to the ground state by a process called stimulated emission. The intensity profile of this additional beam at the focal plane typically has a ring shape, depleting the population of molecules that can generate fluorescence, especially ne ...
... light beam (red, second layer) is used to bring molecules back to the ground state by a process called stimulated emission. The intensity profile of this additional beam at the focal plane typically has a ring shape, depleting the population of molecules that can generate fluorescence, especially ne ...
Ionotropic glutamate receptors
... discovered. These transmembrane proteins can be crudely classified on the basis of pharmacological specificity as belonging to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) class or the non-NMDA class. The molecular cloning of receptor subunits revealed that classes defined by molecular criteria were the same as ...
... discovered. These transmembrane proteins can be crudely classified on the basis of pharmacological specificity as belonging to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) class or the non-NMDA class. The molecular cloning of receptor subunits revealed that classes defined by molecular criteria were the same as ...
Ribosylation of bovine serum albumin induces ROS accumulation
... (Fig. 4b) reaffirms the change in the environment of aromatic residues as a result of ribosylation. It is also indicative of the increase in polarity caused by ribose binding. The fluorescent molecule 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), which is frequently used to demonstrate the presence of par ...
... (Fig. 4b) reaffirms the change in the environment of aromatic residues as a result of ribosylation. It is also indicative of the increase in polarity caused by ribose binding. The fluorescent molecule 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), which is frequently used to demonstrate the presence of par ...
Functional analysis of parvin and different modes of IPP
... (CH) domains separated by a linker sequence, and a less-well conserved N-terminal region. In vivo structure–function analysis revealed that all the domains are essential for parvin function, whereas recruitment at integrin adhesion sites is mediated by two localization signals: one located within th ...
... (CH) domains separated by a linker sequence, and a less-well conserved N-terminal region. In vivo structure–function analysis revealed that all the domains are essential for parvin function, whereas recruitment at integrin adhesion sites is mediated by two localization signals: one located within th ...
The construction of an enhanced green fluorescence protein
... arteries (unpublished). Future research on this topic will focus on elucidating what mechanisms of arteriogenesis produce impaired vasodilation in arteries. Here we describe the construction of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) reporter expression vectors under control of the consitiutively ...
... arteries (unpublished). Future research on this topic will focus on elucidating what mechanisms of arteriogenesis produce impaired vasodilation in arteries. Here we describe the construction of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) reporter expression vectors under control of the consitiutively ...
The Arabidopsis Rab GTPase family: another
... and angiosperm lineages have each elaborated quite distinct complements of Rab proteins [7,9,11••]. The genome of Schizosaccharomyces pombe encodes a basic complement of seven Rab proteins, whereas Saccharomyces cerevisiae has 11 Rabs in eight functionally distinct subclasses, six of which have homo ...
... and angiosperm lineages have each elaborated quite distinct complements of Rab proteins [7,9,11••]. The genome of Schizosaccharomyces pombe encodes a basic complement of seven Rab proteins, whereas Saccharomyces cerevisiae has 11 Rabs in eight functionally distinct subclasses, six of which have homo ...
p-Glycoprotein-Mediated Transport of a Fluorescent Rapamycin
... high-performance thin-layer chromatography with fluorescence detection. Pooled tubules from six fish were incubated for 1 hr with 1 mM fluorescent compound and then extracted with chloroform/ethanol (2:1 vol/vol). The extract was centrifuged and the supernatant was evaporated. The residue was dissol ...
... high-performance thin-layer chromatography with fluorescence detection. Pooled tubules from six fish were incubated for 1 hr with 1 mM fluorescent compound and then extracted with chloroform/ethanol (2:1 vol/vol). The extract was centrifuged and the supernatant was evaporated. The residue was dissol ...
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
... Amaranth and quinoa were ground in a mill with a 60-mesh screen and defatted in a Soxhlet extractor with a ratio of n-hexane (boiling point 69 °C) to sample of 30:1 (v/w) for 10 h. The meal was stored at 4 °C after removal of n-hexane. Amaranth and quinoa albumins (Alb) and globulins (G) were extrac ...
... Amaranth and quinoa were ground in a mill with a 60-mesh screen and defatted in a Soxhlet extractor with a ratio of n-hexane (boiling point 69 °C) to sample of 30:1 (v/w) for 10 h. The meal was stored at 4 °C after removal of n-hexane. Amaranth and quinoa albumins (Alb) and globulins (G) were extrac ...
Eucalyptus Arabidopsis grandis thaliana
... The ever-growing demand for wood and wood derived cellulose products coupled with the public concern about the clearance of natural flora or agricultural land to make way for the forest tree plantations has sparked a renewed interest in the genetic improvement of forest tree species. Conventional br ...
... The ever-growing demand for wood and wood derived cellulose products coupled with the public concern about the clearance of natural flora or agricultural land to make way for the forest tree plantations has sparked a renewed interest in the genetic improvement of forest tree species. Conventional br ...
Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of Some Basic
... tion and fluorescence measurements without further purification. Adenosine was obtained from Sigma Che mical Co. The herring sperm DNA and baker’s yeast RN A were also obtained from the same Co. The visible absorption spectrum was determined with a Beckman model spectrophotometer. The fluores cenc ...
... tion and fluorescence measurements without further purification. Adenosine was obtained from Sigma Che mical Co. The herring sperm DNA and baker’s yeast RN A were also obtained from the same Co. The visible absorption spectrum was determined with a Beckman model spectrophotometer. The fluores cenc ...
Light-Dependent Intracellular Positioning of Mitochondria in
... proximity to chloroplasts, as shown in Fig. 6. While sBL exhibited a similar effect to wBL (Table 1, sBL), sGL and sRL never induced any increase in the number of static mitochondria on the outer periclinal walls (Table 1, sGL and sRL). Intriguingly, although the number of static mitochondria increa ...
... proximity to chloroplasts, as shown in Fig. 6. While sBL exhibited a similar effect to wBL (Table 1, sBL), sGL and sRL never induced any increase in the number of static mitochondria on the outer periclinal walls (Table 1, sGL and sRL). Intriguingly, although the number of static mitochondria increa ...
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... Mutations in the anticodon-binding pocket of aaRSs previously have been shown to improve interactions with nonsense or frameshift suppressor tRNAs (22–24). These examples suggest that it may be possible to evolve the anticodon-binding pocket of PhProRS to recognize and charge Af-tRNACUAPro efficientl ...
... Mutations in the anticodon-binding pocket of aaRSs previously have been shown to improve interactions with nonsense or frameshift suppressor tRNAs (22–24). These examples suggest that it may be possible to evolve the anticodon-binding pocket of PhProRS to recognize and charge Af-tRNACUAPro efficientl ...
Hairy Root Transformation Using Agrobacterium
... in cortex layers only in the meristematic zone (203). I and J, AtWERpro drives expression in the lateral root cap (I; 203) and all epidermal cells throughout the root (I and J; 203). K, SlCYCD6pro drives expression in the QC and vascular initials (203). L, SlWOX5pro drives expression in the QC and v ...
... in cortex layers only in the meristematic zone (203). I and J, AtWERpro drives expression in the lateral root cap (I; 203) and all epidermal cells throughout the root (I and J; 203). K, SlCYCD6pro drives expression in the QC and vascular initials (203). L, SlWOX5pro drives expression in the QC and v ...
The Drosophila Sec7 domain guanine nucleotide exchange factor
... (Fig. 4A). Punctate signals overlapped with the Golgi marker p120 (Fig. 4B,C) (Stanley et al., 1997). The GFP–Garz signals also colocalized with the cis-Golgi matrix protein GM130 (Fig. 4D–F) (Sinka et al., 2008) and largely overlapped with the cis-Golgiassociated protein GMAP210 (Fig. 4G–I) (Friggi ...
... (Fig. 4A). Punctate signals overlapped with the Golgi marker p120 (Fig. 4B,C) (Stanley et al., 1997). The GFP–Garz signals also colocalized with the cis-Golgi matrix protein GM130 (Fig. 4D–F) (Sinka et al., 2008) and largely overlapped with the cis-Golgiassociated protein GMAP210 (Fig. 4G–I) (Friggi ...
The role of Arabidopsis CRK5 protein kinase in the regulation of root
... By PCR-based screening, T-DNA insertion mutations were isolated and their positions determined using DNA sequencing. Transcription of crk5 alleles was examined by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) measurements. Upon inspection of phenotypic traits of the crk5-1 mutant, developmental defects cause ...
... By PCR-based screening, T-DNA insertion mutations were isolated and their positions determined using DNA sequencing. Transcription of crk5 alleles was examined by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) measurements. Upon inspection of phenotypic traits of the crk5-1 mutant, developmental defects cause ...
Redistribution of membrane proteins between the Golgi apparatus
... targeted the Golgi apparatus and co-expression with DsRed fusions along with immunolabelling of stably transformed BY2 cells indicated that the fusion proteins located all Golgi stacks. Exposure of tissue to brefeldin A (BFA) resulted in the reversible redistribution of ST-GFP into the endoplasmic r ...
... targeted the Golgi apparatus and co-expression with DsRed fusions along with immunolabelling of stably transformed BY2 cells indicated that the fusion proteins located all Golgi stacks. Exposure of tissue to brefeldin A (BFA) resulted in the reversible redistribution of ST-GFP into the endoplasmic r ...
University of Groningen Bacillus subtilis at near
... setup, such as the installment of a dropper unit to prevent B. subtilis cells from growing in the medium feed-line, were required for prolonged retentostat cultivation (Chapter 4). Next to solutions involving technical changes to the bioreactor, additions to the experimental setup could also help to ...
... setup, such as the installment of a dropper unit to prevent B. subtilis cells from growing in the medium feed-line, were required for prolonged retentostat cultivation (Chapter 4). Next to solutions involving technical changes to the bioreactor, additions to the experimental setup could also help to ...
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... for 24 h in 10% formol/saline or 95% ethanol. Where appropriate, exocoelomic and amniotic fluids and foetal blood were collected and tested for the presence of heterologous proteins by means of the interfacial ring test and in some cases immunoelectrophoresis. Subsequent dehydration, clearing and em ...
... for 24 h in 10% formol/saline or 95% ethanol. Where appropriate, exocoelomic and amniotic fluids and foetal blood were collected and tested for the presence of heterologous proteins by means of the interfacial ring test and in some cases immunoelectrophoresis. Subsequent dehydration, clearing and em ...
Hairy Root Transformation Using Agrobacterium
... in cortex layers only in the meristematic zone (203). I and J, AtWERpro drives expression in the lateral root cap (I; 203) and all epidermal cells throughout the root (I and J; 203). K, SlCYCD6pro drives expression in the QC and vascular initials (203). L, SlWOX5pro drives expression in the QC and v ...
... in cortex layers only in the meristematic zone (203). I and J, AtWERpro drives expression in the lateral root cap (I; 203) and all epidermal cells throughout the root (I and J; 203). K, SlCYCD6pro drives expression in the QC and vascular initials (203). L, SlWOX5pro drives expression in the QC and v ...
Functions of the Cdc14-Family Phosphatase Clp1p in the Cell Cycle
... cell. Coordination of cytoplasmic division and nuclear division is crucial for healthy cell proliferation. Precocious cytokinesis , before chromosome segregation might lead to the abscission of unsegregated chromosomes (Figure 1- 1 A). If cytokinesis is delayed ...
... cell. Coordination of cytoplasmic division and nuclear division is crucial for healthy cell proliferation. Precocious cytokinesis , before chromosome segregation might lead to the abscission of unsegregated chromosomes (Figure 1- 1 A). If cytokinesis is delayed ...
The P2Y12 receptor regulates microglial activation by extracellular
... We, and others, have previously shown that P2Y12 transcripts are expressed by glial cells of the spinal cord and brain, specifically microglia7,12. To determine whether receptor protein is located on the microglial cell surface, we generated an antibody that recognizes the C terminus of mouse P2Y12 ...
... We, and others, have previously shown that P2Y12 transcripts are expressed by glial cells of the spinal cord and brain, specifically microglia7,12. To determine whether receptor protein is located on the microglial cell surface, we generated an antibody that recognizes the C terminus of mouse P2Y12 ...
Green fluorescent protein
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein composed of 238 amino acid residues (26.9 kDa) that exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. Although many other marine organisms have similar green fluorescent proteins, GFP traditionally refers to the protein first isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. The GFP from A. victoria has a major excitation peak at a wavelength of 395 nm and a minor one at 475 nm. Its emission peak is at 509 nm, which is in the lower green portion of the visible spectrum. The fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of GFP is 0.79. The GFP from the sea pansy (Renilla reniformis) has a single major excitation peak at 498 nm.In cell and molecular biology, the GFP gene is frequently used as a reporter of expression. In modified forms it has been used to make biosensors, and many animals have been created that express GFP as a proof-of-concept that a gene can be expressed throughout a given organism. The GFP gene can be introduced into organisms and maintained in their genome through breeding, injection with a viral vector, or cell transformation. To date, the GFP gene has been introduced and expressed in many Bacteria, Yeast and other Fungi, fish (such as zebrafish), plant, fly, and mammalian cells, including human. Martin Chalfie, Osamu Shimomura, and Roger Y. Tsien were awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry on 10 October 2008 for their discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein.