The neuronal structure of the globus pallidus in the rabbit — Nissl
... which have from 2 to 6 thick, long primary dendrites. Their perikarya have a polygonal, triangular and fusiform shape. The large neurons in the centre of GP have radiated dendritic trees, whereas the dendritic field of the cells along the borders of GP has an elongated shape. The dendritic arbour is ...
... which have from 2 to 6 thick, long primary dendrites. Their perikarya have a polygonal, triangular and fusiform shape. The large neurons in the centre of GP have radiated dendritic trees, whereas the dendritic field of the cells along the borders of GP has an elongated shape. The dendritic arbour is ...
NEUROTRANSMITTER SYSTEMS IN THE VISUAL CORTEX OF
... nals, because it is confined almost entirely to neurons. Immunocytochemica1 staining with an antiserum to GAD appears to be rather uniformly distributed throughout the cortical layers of the rat (112). In the monkey visual cortex, however, distinct laminar variations in GAD immunoreactivity are pre ...
... nals, because it is confined almost entirely to neurons. Immunocytochemica1 staining with an antiserum to GAD appears to be rather uniformly distributed throughout the cortical layers of the rat (112). In the monkey visual cortex, however, distinct laminar variations in GAD immunoreactivity are pre ...
Building Functional Networks of Spiking Model Neurons
... frequencies – and we respond to it with continuous motions of our bodies. Yet the neurons that represent and process sensory information and generate motor acts communicate with each other almost exclusively through discrete action potentials. The use of spikes to represent, process and interpret co ...
... frequencies – and we respond to it with continuous motions of our bodies. Yet the neurons that represent and process sensory information and generate motor acts communicate with each other almost exclusively through discrete action potentials. The use of spikes to represent, process and interpret co ...
neural mechanisms for detecting and remembering novel events
... repeated stimuli whereas the responses of the same neuron to novel stimuli will be largely unaffected. These effects occur over short timescales — it is estimated that neurons recover their responsiveness after about six seconds in awake monkeys11. Finally, because the effects of repetition suppress ...
... repeated stimuli whereas the responses of the same neuron to novel stimuli will be largely unaffected. These effects occur over short timescales — it is estimated that neurons recover their responsiveness after about six seconds in awake monkeys11. Finally, because the effects of repetition suppress ...
Emotion and decision-making explained: A prEcis
... features, etc., rather than in terms of shape that ...
... features, etc., rather than in terms of shape that ...
Multiplication and stimulus invariance in a looming
... Multiplicative operations and invariance of neuronal responses are thought to play important roles in the processing of neural information in many sensory systems. Yet the biophysical mechanisms that underlie both multiplication and invariance of neuronal responses in vivo, either at the single cell ...
... Multiplicative operations and invariance of neuronal responses are thought to play important roles in the processing of neural information in many sensory systems. Yet the biophysical mechanisms that underlie both multiplication and invariance of neuronal responses in vivo, either at the single cell ...
Steroids CLASS COPY
... organs, including the liver, kidneys, heart, and brain. They can also have a profound effect on reproductive organs and hormones. Many of the effects of steroids are brought about through their actions in the brain. Once steroids enter the brain, they are distributed to many regions, including the h ...
... organs, including the liver, kidneys, heart, and brain. They can also have a profound effect on reproductive organs and hormones. Many of the effects of steroids are brought about through their actions in the brain. Once steroids enter the brain, they are distributed to many regions, including the h ...
New Vistas on Amygdala Networks in Conditioned Fear
... The difficulty comes from the fact that LA has little if any projections to CEm, but rather projects to the lateral or amygdalo-striatal sectors (Fig. 1B). This was first reported in 1978, when Krettek and Price published their seminal study on the internuclear projections of the rat and cat amygdal ...
... The difficulty comes from the fact that LA has little if any projections to CEm, but rather projects to the lateral or amygdalo-striatal sectors (Fig. 1B). This was first reported in 1978, when Krettek and Price published their seminal study on the internuclear projections of the rat and cat amygdal ...
Chapter 2 - TC Online
... – Sympathetic division (fight or flight system): part of the ANS that is responsible for reacting to stressful events and bodily arousal – Parasympathetic division: part of the ANS that restores the body to normal functioning after arousal and is responsible for the day to day functioning of the org ...
... – Sympathetic division (fight or flight system): part of the ANS that is responsible for reacting to stressful events and bodily arousal – Parasympathetic division: part of the ANS that restores the body to normal functioning after arousal and is responsible for the day to day functioning of the org ...
Preview as PDF - Pearson Higher Education
... Neurons make up a large part of the brain, but they are not the only cells that affect our thinking, learning, memory, perception, and all of the other facets of life that make us who we are. The other primary cells are called glia, or glial cells, which serve a variety of functions. While historica ...
... Neurons make up a large part of the brain, but they are not the only cells that affect our thinking, learning, memory, perception, and all of the other facets of life that make us who we are. The other primary cells are called glia, or glial cells, which serve a variety of functions. While historica ...
Understanding Neurotransmission and the Disease of Addiction
... enables the electrical signals to travel down the axon at higher speeds. Near its end, the axon divides into many fine branches that have specialized swellings called presynaptic terminals. These presynaptic terminals end in close proximity to the dendrites of another neuron. The dendrite of one neu ...
... enables the electrical signals to travel down the axon at higher speeds. Near its end, the axon divides into many fine branches that have specialized swellings called presynaptic terminals. These presynaptic terminals end in close proximity to the dendrites of another neuron. The dendrite of one neu ...
INFORMATION PROCESSING WITH POPULATION CODES
... architecture of the brain. What are the units of computation and how is information represented at the neural level? An important part of the answers to these questions is that individual elements of information are encoded not by single cells, but rather by populations or clusters of cells. This en ...
... architecture of the brain. What are the units of computation and how is information represented at the neural level? An important part of the answers to these questions is that individual elements of information are encoded not by single cells, but rather by populations or clusters of cells. This en ...
disrupted brain thyroid hormone homeostasis
... and the cold-inducible RNA binding protein (Cirbp) gene and genes positively regulated by TH and relevant to brain development such as DIO3 and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The expression of these genes was measured in several brain regions derived from male and female control and ASD c ...
... and the cold-inducible RNA binding protein (Cirbp) gene and genes positively regulated by TH and relevant to brain development such as DIO3 and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The expression of these genes was measured in several brain regions derived from male and female control and ASD c ...
Cortical surface area and cortical thickness in the precuneus
... asymmetries, with only a modest correlation between the hemispheres. Males have a thicker cortex but differences in cortical area are not significant between sexes. The surface area of the precuneus shows a positive allometry with the brain surface area, although the correlation is modest. The dilatio ...
... asymmetries, with only a modest correlation between the hemispheres. Males have a thicker cortex but differences in cortical area are not significant between sexes. The surface area of the precuneus shows a positive allometry with the brain surface area, although the correlation is modest. The dilatio ...
Implications of Altered Brain Ganglioside Profiles in Amyotrophic
... cell derived signals are likely to be important regulators of neuronal cell body metabolism. The loss of target signals is a passible means by which the cell body learns that its axon has been damaged. Lass of such target-derived factors has been proposed as a general neurological defect". Several r ...
... cell derived signals are likely to be important regulators of neuronal cell body metabolism. The loss of target signals is a passible means by which the cell body learns that its axon has been damaged. Lass of such target-derived factors has been proposed as a general neurological defect". Several r ...
Neuronal circuitries involved in thermoregulation
... investigating thermoregulation directed their efforts to the analysis of these thermosensitive neurons. Their (implicit) assumption was that thermosensitivity is a distinctive characteristic of neurons playing a role in thermoregulation. Neurons displaying thermosensitivity, however, could be record ...
... investigating thermoregulation directed their efforts to the analysis of these thermosensitive neurons. Their (implicit) assumption was that thermosensitivity is a distinctive characteristic of neurons playing a role in thermoregulation. Neurons displaying thermosensitivity, however, could be record ...
Michael Arbib: CS564 - Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence
... The Many Oculomotor Systems Each can be studied in isolation, but in normal conditions several of these systems will work together to ensure coordinated movements: cooperative computation at the level of motor control. The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) uses the semicircular canals to monitor accele ...
... The Many Oculomotor Systems Each can be studied in isolation, but in normal conditions several of these systems will work together to ensure coordinated movements: cooperative computation at the level of motor control. The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) uses the semicircular canals to monitor accele ...
Report 2
... spoken or written action words should activate cortical areas involved in action control and execution in a category-specific somatotopic fashion, depending on the semantics of the action words. As the cortical areas of action control and execution can be defined experimentally, one could in princip ...
... spoken or written action words should activate cortical areas involved in action control and execution in a category-specific somatotopic fashion, depending on the semantics of the action words. As the cortical areas of action control and execution can be defined experimentally, one could in princip ...
learning, Memory, and Cognition: Animal Perspectives
... age. Exposure to benzaldehyde at days 2-5 of adult life, but not at 8-1 I, causes behavioral adaptation as well as structural changes in DM2 and V glomeruli. These examples show that (i) animals often exhibit innate preferences for signals allowing to rapidly and efficiently detect biologically rele ...
... age. Exposure to benzaldehyde at days 2-5 of adult life, but not at 8-1 I, causes behavioral adaptation as well as structural changes in DM2 and V glomeruli. These examples show that (i) animals often exhibit innate preferences for signals allowing to rapidly and efficiently detect biologically rele ...
Encoding and Retrieval of Episodic Memories: Role of Hippocampus
... learning of a single word in a list learning experiment. Note that these are not semantic representations of the word which would be activated in a wide range of different contexts—rather, they code the activation of the semantic representation in a specific episode. As described below, in each regi ...
... learning of a single word in a list learning experiment. Note that these are not semantic representations of the word which would be activated in a wide range of different contexts—rather, they code the activation of the semantic representation in a specific episode. As described below, in each regi ...
A Computer Simulation of Olfactory Cortex with Functional
... Piriform cortex is a primary olfactory cerebral cortical structure which receives second order input from the olfactory receptors via the olfactory bulb (Fig. 1). It is believed to play a significant role in the classification and storage of olfactory information 1•2•3 . For several years we have be ...
... Piriform cortex is a primary olfactory cerebral cortical structure which receives second order input from the olfactory receptors via the olfactory bulb (Fig. 1). It is believed to play a significant role in the classification and storage of olfactory information 1•2•3 . For several years we have be ...
Neurological Understanding of Surrogate Healing in
... distinctiveness of a person's consciousness from somebody else's consciousness. In one such experiment a person's arm is anesthetized and it becomes numb as there are no sensations coming in. Now, when this person watches another person being touched, he feels the sensation of his own arm being touc ...
... distinctiveness of a person's consciousness from somebody else's consciousness. In one such experiment a person's arm is anesthetized and it becomes numb as there are no sensations coming in. Now, when this person watches another person being touched, he feels the sensation of his own arm being touc ...
Microstructure of the neocortex: Comparative aspects
... basic cortical building bricks. In turn, the differences probably indicate the evolutionary adaptation of excitatory and inhibitory circuits to particular functions. ...
... basic cortical building bricks. In turn, the differences probably indicate the evolutionary adaptation of excitatory and inhibitory circuits to particular functions. ...
PDF
... cortex, generate signals that command various actions or represent plans that organize other systems to generate actual command signals. They note, however, that from a sensory perspective, the signals generated by the matrix modules may signal the occurrence of salient contexts (see also Section 5) ...
... cortex, generate signals that command various actions or represent plans that organize other systems to generate actual command signals. They note, however, that from a sensory perspective, the signals generated by the matrix modules may signal the occurrence of salient contexts (see also Section 5) ...