Harris KD. Neural signatures of cell assembly organization. Nat Rev
... is termed a ‘phase sequence’ (‘phase’ in this context does not necessarily connote timing with respect to an oscillation). The phase sequence allows for complex computations, which are only partially controlled by external input, and is the proposed substrate of ICPs (FIG. 1; BOX 1). An important fe ...
... is termed a ‘phase sequence’ (‘phase’ in this context does not necessarily connote timing with respect to an oscillation). The phase sequence allows for complex computations, which are only partially controlled by external input, and is the proposed substrate of ICPs (FIG. 1; BOX 1). An important fe ...
neural circuitry approaches to understanding the pathophysiology
... schizophrenia perform poorly on cognitive tasks that involve working memory, the ability to transiently maintain information in order to guide a subsequent response (27). For example, individuals with schizophrenia exhibit impairments on oculomotor delayed-response tasks (28), a cognitive paradigm o ...
... schizophrenia perform poorly on cognitive tasks that involve working memory, the ability to transiently maintain information in order to guide a subsequent response (27). For example, individuals with schizophrenia exhibit impairments on oculomotor delayed-response tasks (28), a cognitive paradigm o ...
Tang et al - Pro Aid Autisme
... plasticity (Bingol and Sheng, 2011). An important means for removing damaged organelles and degrading long-lived or aggregate-prone proteins is macroautophagy (autophagy hereafter), a process downstream of mTOR signaling that involves the formation of autophagosomes to capture and transport cytoplas ...
... plasticity (Bingol and Sheng, 2011). An important means for removing damaged organelles and degrading long-lived or aggregate-prone proteins is macroautophagy (autophagy hereafter), a process downstream of mTOR signaling that involves the formation of autophagosomes to capture and transport cytoplas ...
to a of the units.
... the cerebrum (top part of the brain) is divided in two hemispheres. The word ‘hemisphere’ means ‘half of a circle’ in Latin. There are many interesting things to learn about the cerebral hemispheres. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body, and the right hemisphere controls the left ...
... the cerebrum (top part of the brain) is divided in two hemispheres. The word ‘hemisphere’ means ‘half of a circle’ in Latin. There are many interesting things to learn about the cerebral hemispheres. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body, and the right hemisphere controls the left ...
Neurons of human nucleus accumbens
... with the obvious cytoarchitectural differences and lower impregnation quality of some parts of septal region, may be Golgi-dependent characteristics observed in these regions. It is well-known that the Golgi method is neural and highly selective. On the other hand, this technique provides useful inf ...
... with the obvious cytoarchitectural differences and lower impregnation quality of some parts of septal region, may be Golgi-dependent characteristics observed in these regions. It is well-known that the Golgi method is neural and highly selective. On the other hand, this technique provides useful inf ...
1 Brain Development, SIDS and Shaken Baby By Rhonda Crabbs
... neurons. Most neurons are created before birth with a peak production rate of 250,000 new cells per minute in mid-pregnancy. Some of these neurons are deep inside the brain and some are in the brain stem, which is the region that controls automatic responses such as heartbeat, breathing and temperat ...
... neurons. Most neurons are created before birth with a peak production rate of 250,000 new cells per minute in mid-pregnancy. Some of these neurons are deep inside the brain and some are in the brain stem, which is the region that controls automatic responses such as heartbeat, breathing and temperat ...
Vocal Control Neuron Incorporation Decreases with Age in the Adult
... be found at 1 and 4 months of survival, not whether the numbers of labeled neurons differed between these two survival times. Fluoro-gold labeling. Four days before being killed, birds that received [ 3H]thymidine also received 2-hydroxy-4,4⬘-diamidinostilbene (FluoroGold; Fluorochrome, Englewood, C ...
... be found at 1 and 4 months of survival, not whether the numbers of labeled neurons differed between these two survival times. Fluoro-gold labeling. Four days before being killed, birds that received [ 3H]thymidine also received 2-hydroxy-4,4⬘-diamidinostilbene (FluoroGold; Fluorochrome, Englewood, C ...
Chapter 11 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
... • Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and ostsynaptic neuron • Brief high-frequency stimulation partially depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron • Chemically gated channels (NMDA receptors) allow Ca2+ entry • Ca2+ activates kinase enzymes that promote more effective responses to subseq ...
... • Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and ostsynaptic neuron • Brief high-frequency stimulation partially depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron • Chemically gated channels (NMDA receptors) allow Ca2+ entry • Ca2+ activates kinase enzymes that promote more effective responses to subseq ...
Canonical computations of cerebral cortex
... The nature of this six-layer computation remains unclear. The classic picture [e.g. 19,20] is that feedforward input to a given area, which either comes from thalamus or from ‘lower’ cortical areas, comes dominantly into layer 4 (L4); L4 projects strongly to layers 2/3 (L2/3); L2/3 provides feedforw ...
... The nature of this six-layer computation remains unclear. The classic picture [e.g. 19,20] is that feedforward input to a given area, which either comes from thalamus or from ‘lower’ cortical areas, comes dominantly into layer 4 (L4); L4 projects strongly to layers 2/3 (L2/3); L2/3 provides feedforw ...
THE BRAIN`S CONCEPTS: THE ROLE OF THE SENSORY
... in the activity of the brain faces the challenge of explaining how the localised patterns of activation of different neural cortical networks can enable the capacity to distinguish, recognise, categorise, and ultimately conceptualise objects, events, and the state of affairs in the world. Two main a ...
... in the activity of the brain faces the challenge of explaining how the localised patterns of activation of different neural cortical networks can enable the capacity to distinguish, recognise, categorise, and ultimately conceptualise objects, events, and the state of affairs in the world. Two main a ...
The neuronal structure of the substantia nigra in the guinea pig
... whereas the pars compacta as the ganglionic layer. Due to the fact that in Golgi scraps the cytoarchitectonic limit between the PC and PR is not visible [34], Francois et al. separated these two subdivisions according to the presence of the pigmented cell bodies in the PC of the human and according ...
... whereas the pars compacta as the ganglionic layer. Due to the fact that in Golgi scraps the cytoarchitectonic limit between the PC and PR is not visible [34], Francois et al. separated these two subdivisions according to the presence of the pigmented cell bodies in the PC of the human and according ...
Lecture 6: Single neuron models
... McCulloch and Pitts knew that spikes (action potential) somehow carry information through the brain: each spike would represent a binary 1 each lack of spike would represent a binary 0 They showed how spikes could be combined to do logical and arithmetical operations From modern perspective there is ...
... McCulloch and Pitts knew that spikes (action potential) somehow carry information through the brain: each spike would represent a binary 1 each lack of spike would represent a binary 0 They showed how spikes could be combined to do logical and arithmetical operations From modern perspective there is ...
Visual speech circuits in profound acquired
... ß The Author (2007). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: [email protected] ...
... ß The Author (2007). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: [email protected] ...
- Wiley Online Library
... inspired computational model of interactive skill learning Wai-Tat Fu,1∗ Hyunkyu Lee,1 Walter R. Boot2 and Arthur F. Kramer1 This article reviews recent empirical and brain imaging data on effects of cognitive training methods on complex interactive skill learning, and presents a neurally inspired c ...
... inspired computational model of interactive skill learning Wai-Tat Fu,1∗ Hyunkyu Lee,1 Walter R. Boot2 and Arthur F. Kramer1 This article reviews recent empirical and brain imaging data on effects of cognitive training methods on complex interactive skill learning, and presents a neurally inspired c ...
Part c
... • Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and ostsynaptic neuron • Brief high-frequency stimulation partially depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron • Chemically gated channels (NMDA receptors) allow Ca2+ entry • Ca2+ activates kinase enzymes that promote more effective responses to subseq ...
... • Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and ostsynaptic neuron • Brief high-frequency stimulation partially depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron • Chemically gated channels (NMDA receptors) allow Ca2+ entry • Ca2+ activates kinase enzymes that promote more effective responses to subseq ...
Neurotransmitters
... • Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and ostsynaptic neuron • Brief high-frequency stimulation partially depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron • Chemically gated channels (NMDA receptors) allow Ca2+ entry • Ca2+ activates kinase enzymes that promote more effective responses to subseq ...
... • Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and ostsynaptic neuron • Brief high-frequency stimulation partially depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron • Chemically gated channels (NMDA receptors) allow Ca2+ entry • Ca2+ activates kinase enzymes that promote more effective responses to subseq ...
D5 (Not D1) Dopamine Receptors Potentiate Burst
... 2001). D1 agonists were active on neurons in the whole-cell configuration (Fig. 1 A) as well as on intact neurons in the cellattached configuration (Fig. 1 B). They potentiated burst-firing by increasing the burst duration by 70% (Fig. 1C). Mean burst duration was 2.1 ⫾ 0.4 sec in control. This valu ...
... 2001). D1 agonists were active on neurons in the whole-cell configuration (Fig. 1 A) as well as on intact neurons in the cellattached configuration (Fig. 1 B). They potentiated burst-firing by increasing the burst duration by 70% (Fig. 1C). Mean burst duration was 2.1 ⫾ 0.4 sec in control. This valu ...
Materials and Methods
... Kater 1989). Majority of brain energy is utilized to sustain the processes associated with glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter pathways (Ottersen and Storm-Mathisen 1986; Schmidt et al. 1992). Although AD was discovered more than a century ago, the definite diagnosis of AD is only possible by detect ...
... Kater 1989). Majority of brain energy is utilized to sustain the processes associated with glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter pathways (Ottersen and Storm-Mathisen 1986; Schmidt et al. 1992). Although AD was discovered more than a century ago, the definite diagnosis of AD is only possible by detect ...
ch_11_lecture_outline_c
... • Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and ostsynaptic neuron • Brief high-frequency stimulation partially depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron • Chemically gated channels (NMDA receptors) allow Ca2+ entry • Ca2+ activates kinase enzymes that promote more effective responses to subseq ...
... • Ca2+ concentration increases in presynaptic terminal and ostsynaptic neuron • Brief high-frequency stimulation partially depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron • Chemically gated channels (NMDA receptors) allow Ca2+ entry • Ca2+ activates kinase enzymes that promote more effective responses to subseq ...
alzheimer-like changes of protein kinase b and glycogen synthase
... However, central administration of very low STZ doses (1-3 mg/kg, icv) does not alter basal blood glucose (Nitsch and Hoyer, 1991; Plaschke and Hoyer, 1993), and does not produce diabetes mellitus, but brain glucose metabolism has been found to be markedly perturbed. Namely, icv treatment of STZ in ...
... However, central administration of very low STZ doses (1-3 mg/kg, icv) does not alter basal blood glucose (Nitsch and Hoyer, 1991; Plaschke and Hoyer, 1993), and does not produce diabetes mellitus, but brain glucose metabolism has been found to be markedly perturbed. Namely, icv treatment of STZ in ...
Altered Fronto-Striatal and Fronto-Cerebellar Circuits in Heroin
... heroin dependence (HD) and correlated it with neural bloodoxygen-level dependent (BOLD) activation in the same brain region in task-related fMRI. These studies successfully identified several networks involving neural responses to drug-related cue from a task-resting view, a view of interaction betw ...
... heroin dependence (HD) and correlated it with neural bloodoxygen-level dependent (BOLD) activation in the same brain region in task-related fMRI. These studies successfully identified several networks involving neural responses to drug-related cue from a task-resting view, a view of interaction betw ...
Communication as an emergent metaphor for neuronal operation
... Biological evidence. Recent advances in neuroscience provide us with evidence that neurons are much more complex than previously thought [19]. In particular it has been hypothesised that neurons can select input depending on its spatial location on dendritic tree or temporal structure [19,20,21]. So ...
... Biological evidence. Recent advances in neuroscience provide us with evidence that neurons are much more complex than previously thought [19]. In particular it has been hypothesised that neurons can select input depending on its spatial location on dendritic tree or temporal structure [19,20,21]. So ...
Habituation, sensitization and Pavlovian conditioning
... on the parameters of the stimulation protocol (e.g., odor concentration, frequency of odor presentation), a temporary increment in responsiveness might initially be observed. If, however, an appetitive gustatory stimulus (e.g., sugar) is repeated with the same ISI, depending again on the concentrati ...
... on the parameters of the stimulation protocol (e.g., odor concentration, frequency of odor presentation), a temporary increment in responsiveness might initially be observed. If, however, an appetitive gustatory stimulus (e.g., sugar) is repeated with the same ISI, depending again on the concentrati ...
Histamine reduces firing and bursting of anterior and intralaminar
... Fig. 3. Bursts (sequences of potentials with an interspike interval B 4 ms) and spikes of two intralaminar thalamic neurons during different conditions. Abscissa: time (bar: 100 s). The periods of drug administration are marked. Each vertical line represents a burst or a spike. Top: Bursts with a si ...
... Fig. 3. Bursts (sequences of potentials with an interspike interval B 4 ms) and spikes of two intralaminar thalamic neurons during different conditions. Abscissa: time (bar: 100 s). The periods of drug administration are marked. Each vertical line represents a burst or a spike. Top: Bursts with a si ...
The Loss of Glutamate-GABA Harmony in Anxiety Disorders
... relatively good efficacy, a variety of adverse effects is also described. The most common are: ability to induce tolerance, sedation, myorelaxation, and dependence (Millan, 2003). Moreover, memory impartment and interaction with alcohol can occur. That is supposed to be connected with the activation ...
... relatively good efficacy, a variety of adverse effects is also described. The most common are: ability to induce tolerance, sedation, myorelaxation, and dependence (Millan, 2003). Moreover, memory impartment and interaction with alcohol can occur. That is supposed to be connected with the activation ...