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File - Hardman`s AP Biology
File - Hardman`s AP Biology

... Transmission Across a Synapse • A synapse is a region where neurons nearly touch • Small gap between neurons is the synaptic cleft • Transmission across a synapse is carried out by neurotransmitters – Sudden rise in calcium at end of one neuron – Stimulates synaptic vesicles to merge with the presy ...
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... Why study the brain and nervous system ? • It’s the control center ! • There are many things even scientists still don’t know • Search for better understanding of brain function and brain repair • The answer to these problems will rely not only on the current generation of physicians and scientists ...
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... After some hours, the individual can enter a “rebound” state of depression. This is due to the brain’s inability to re-synthesise new nor-adrenaline in sufficient quantities to replace that released as a result of amphetamine intake. ...
Step Up To: Psychology
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... memory and recognition of faces are among the various abilities that are regulated by which cerebral hemisphere? • A) the left hemisphere • B) the right hemisphere • C) Both hemispheres control these functions equally. • D) There is no research stating that either hemisphere dominates these skills. ...
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... • Because nerves usually have myelin sheath and myelin is white, nerves are called white matter in the PNS • Bundles of axons are called tracts, and may be myelinated and thus form this system of white matter • Dendrites is called gray matter because of its characteristic grey appearance • Understan ...
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Slide 1

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< 1 ... 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 ... 318 >

Activity-dependent plasticity

A defining feature of the brain is its capacity to undergo changes based on activity-dependent functions, also called activity-dependent plasticity. Its ability to remodel itself forms the basis of the brain’s capacity to retain memories, improve motor function, and enhance comprehension and speech amongst other things. It is this trait to retain and form memories that is functionally linked to plasticity and therefore many of the functions individuals perform on a daily basis. This plasticity is the result of changed gene expression that occurs because of organized cellular mechanisms.The brain’s ability to adapt toward active functions has allowed humans to specialize in specific processes based on relative use and activity. For example, a right-handed person may perform any movement poorly with his/her left hand but continuous practice with the less dominant hand can make both hands just as able. Another example is if someone was born with a neurological disorder such as autism or had a stroke that resulted in a disorder, then they are capable of retrieving much of their lost function by practicing and “rewiring” the brain in order to incorporate these lost manners. Thanks to the pioneers within this field, many of these advances have become available to most people and many more will continue to arrive as new features of plasticity are discovered.
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