Binding of Hoechst with nucleic acids using fluorescence spectroscopy
... Indeed, as it seen form Figure 4, there is no any nucleotide band at 260 nm in the excitation spectrum of the Hoechst/DNA complex. The same picture was observed in the case of hairpin HP1 instead of DNA. The band at 275 nm at the excitation spectrum is the own shoulder of Hoechst. This shoulder is c ...
... Indeed, as it seen form Figure 4, there is no any nucleotide band at 260 nm in the excitation spectrum of the Hoechst/DNA complex. The same picture was observed in the case of hairpin HP1 instead of DNA. The band at 275 nm at the excitation spectrum is the own shoulder of Hoechst. This shoulder is c ...
The consequences of Rad51 overexpression for normal and tumor
... DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) occur through several sources; through the action of exogenous agents such as ionizing radiation, through inhibition of DNA topoisomerases, and from endogenous programmed events such as V(D)J recombination in the immunoglobulin genes and Spo11-promoted meiotic recombi ...
... DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) occur through several sources; through the action of exogenous agents such as ionizing radiation, through inhibition of DNA topoisomerases, and from endogenous programmed events such as V(D)J recombination in the immunoglobulin genes and Spo11-promoted meiotic recombi ...
Recent Advances in Developing Small Molecules Targeting Nucleic
... Nucleic acids play significant roles in variety kinds of biological processes [1–5]. According to the differences on sugar scaffold, nucleic acids can be classified into two categories. DNAs and RNAs participate in gene storage, replication, transcription and other important biological activities. T ...
... Nucleic acids play significant roles in variety kinds of biological processes [1–5]. According to the differences on sugar scaffold, nucleic acids can be classified into two categories. DNAs and RNAs participate in gene storage, replication, transcription and other important biological activities. T ...
Roles of DNA Polymerase V and RecA Protein in SOS Damage
... There are more than 40 SOS genes,6 and many of the gene products are used to repair damaged DNA with base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), or recombination repair. SOS genes are also involved in triggering cell division, which occurs only after the genome has been fully repli ...
... There are more than 40 SOS genes,6 and many of the gene products are used to repair damaged DNA with base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), or recombination repair. SOS genes are also involved in triggering cell division, which occurs only after the genome has been fully repli ...
as a PDF - CiteSeerX
... replication exhibited both enhanced LIR excision and interchromosomal recombination (28, 29). We have investigated the impact of LIRs and altered replication on both homeologous and homologous intrachromosomal recombination. The altered replication is due to a mutation, pol3-t, in the DNA polymerase ...
... replication exhibited both enhanced LIR excision and interchromosomal recombination (28, 29). We have investigated the impact of LIRs and altered replication on both homeologous and homologous intrachromosomal recombination. The altered replication is due to a mutation, pol3-t, in the DNA polymerase ...
A Highly Efficient Method for the Construction of a Plasmid
... library. The new method was based on the addition of complementary single stranded oligomers to cDNA and vector as 5' overhangs and annealing of the 5' overhangs before ligation to increase ligation efficiency. To generate the long, complementary 5' overhangs to cDNA and vector DNA a common un phosp ...
... library. The new method was based on the addition of complementary single stranded oligomers to cDNA and vector as 5' overhangs and annealing of the 5' overhangs before ligation to increase ligation efficiency. To generate the long, complementary 5' overhangs to cDNA and vector DNA a common un phosp ...
The Role of DNA-PKcs and Artemis in Opening Viral DNA
... 3,000 ds-vg/dge). Unusual bands that were not present in samples from wild-type mice were observed in PstI (noncutter) DNA digests in DNA-PKcs-deficient mouse livers (shown with arrows). The major unusual bands migrated slightly faster than a 3,049-bp marker, which is 20 bp shorter than full-length ...
... 3,000 ds-vg/dge). Unusual bands that were not present in samples from wild-type mice were observed in PstI (noncutter) DNA digests in DNA-PKcs-deficient mouse livers (shown with arrows). The major unusual bands migrated slightly faster than a 3,049-bp marker, which is 20 bp shorter than full-length ...
Origins of DNA Replication - DNA Replication and Human Disease
... lines, but only rarely are genes amplified during normal animal development (Tlsty 1990). In contrast, replication of mtDNA and large viral DNA genomes such as herpes and vaccinia is not dependent on the cell entering S phase. mtDNA replicates randomly throughout the cell division cycle, and large v ...
... lines, but only rarely are genes amplified during normal animal development (Tlsty 1990). In contrast, replication of mtDNA and large viral DNA genomes such as herpes and vaccinia is not dependent on the cell entering S phase. mtDNA replicates randomly throughout the cell division cycle, and large v ...
Maintenance of genomic integrity by p53: complementary
... events within a cell. Despite some uncertainties regarding the various mechanisms of its induction, elimination of damaged cells by p53-induced apoptosis is an easily conceived mechanism for achieving this goal. Much less is known about the role of p53 in DNA repair. So far, the main emphasis has be ...
... events within a cell. Despite some uncertainties regarding the various mechanisms of its induction, elimination of damaged cells by p53-induced apoptosis is an easily conceived mechanism for achieving this goal. Much less is known about the role of p53 in DNA repair. So far, the main emphasis has be ...
DNA Gyrase Is Involved in Chloroplast Nucleoid
... Green FM (MG) (Figure 3B). MG accumulates in mitochondria regardless of the mitochondrial membrane potential and becomes fluorescent in the lipid environment of mitochondria (Oubrahim et al., 2001). MG is widely used for determining mitochondrial mass. The MG fluorescence of protoplasts from TRV:Gyr ...
... Green FM (MG) (Figure 3B). MG accumulates in mitochondria regardless of the mitochondrial membrane potential and becomes fluorescent in the lipid environment of mitochondria (Oubrahim et al., 2001). MG is widely used for determining mitochondrial mass. The MG fluorescence of protoplasts from TRV:Gyr ...
Fidelity of Primate Cell Repair of a Double
... unequal genetic exchange (19, 20). While these and other theories remain plausible, it is apparent that several models involve the presence of a double-strand break (DSB). Mammalian cells are constantly threatened by the occurrence of endogenously or exogenously created DSBs. In human cells, it has ...
... unequal genetic exchange (19, 20). While these and other theories remain plausible, it is apparent that several models involve the presence of a double-strand break (DSB). Mammalian cells are constantly threatened by the occurrence of endogenously or exogenously created DSBs. In human cells, it has ...
Analysis and nucleotide sequence of an origin of DNA replication in
... Iwoffl plasmid and pBR322. It is transformed to A. calcoaceticus BD413 by natural competency, yielding about 106 transformants per/~g of plasmid DNA. The Apa and Tca genes of pBR322 are functional in A. calcoaceticus. A gene bank was constructed from chromosomal A. calcoaceticus DNA and the shuttle ...
... Iwoffl plasmid and pBR322. It is transformed to A. calcoaceticus BD413 by natural competency, yielding about 106 transformants per/~g of plasmid DNA. The Apa and Tca genes of pBR322 are functional in A. calcoaceticus. A gene bank was constructed from chromosomal A. calcoaceticus DNA and the shuttle ...
Nested PCR Assays for Detection of Monilinia fructicola in Stone
... the anamorphs are also similar among some Botryosphaeria species and can be strongly influenced by the ...
... the anamorphs are also similar among some Botryosphaeria species and can be strongly influenced by the ...
Aberrant DNA methylation in cancer: potential clinical
... occurring modification of human DNA (Fig. 1) and results from the activity of a family of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes that catalyse the addition of a methyl group to cytosine residues at CpG dinucleotides (Ref. 1). Alterations in DNA methylation are regarded as epigenetic, and not genetic, ...
... occurring modification of human DNA (Fig. 1) and results from the activity of a family of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) enzymes that catalyse the addition of a methyl group to cytosine residues at CpG dinucleotides (Ref. 1). Alterations in DNA methylation are regarded as epigenetic, and not genetic, ...
Synapsis-Mediated Fusion of Free DNA Ends Forms Inverted Dimer Plasmids in Yeast.
... the plasmid do not share homology with the yeast genome, circular inverted (head-to-head) dimer plasmids are theprincipal product of repair. By measurements of the DNA concentration dependence of transformation with alinearized plasmid, and by transformation with mixtures of genetically marked plasm ...
... the plasmid do not share homology with the yeast genome, circular inverted (head-to-head) dimer plasmids are theprincipal product of repair. By measurements of the DNA concentration dependence of transformation with alinearized plasmid, and by transformation with mixtures of genetically marked plasm ...
Reconstruction of the original mycoflora in pelleted feed by PCR
... of them can produce mycotoxins, and in addition, their growth activity may decrease the quality of grain and reduce the content of nutrients by several methods like respiratory heating (Maciorowski et al., 2007). Grains – in which fungal growth can occur both before and after harvesting – are a natu ...
... of them can produce mycotoxins, and in addition, their growth activity may decrease the quality of grain and reduce the content of nutrients by several methods like respiratory heating (Maciorowski et al., 2007). Grains – in which fungal growth can occur both before and after harvesting – are a natu ...
Recent advances in the genome-wide study of DNA replication
... fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe have been best characterized. In recent years, advances in DNA microarray and next-generation sequencing technologies have increased the number of yeast species involved in ORIs research dramatically. The ORIs in some non-conventional yeast species such as Klu ...
... fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe have been best characterized. In recent years, advances in DNA microarray and next-generation sequencing technologies have increased the number of yeast species involved in ORIs research dramatically. The ORIs in some non-conventional yeast species such as Klu ...
Switching between polymerase and exonuclease sites in DNA
... Transfer from the polymerase site to the exonuclease site To determine whether Pol ε is able to transfer the 3 terminus of the DNA from the polymerase site to the exonuclease site without dissociating from the DNA, we used heparin as a trap to capture any DNA polymerase molecules not bound to DNA. ...
... Transfer from the polymerase site to the exonuclease site To determine whether Pol ε is able to transfer the 3 terminus of the DNA from the polymerase site to the exonuclease site without dissociating from the DNA, we used heparin as a trap to capture any DNA polymerase molecules not bound to DNA. ...
2 SINGLE-MOLECULE DNA:PROTEIN INTERACTIONS - VU-dare
... Substantial effort has been spent in pushing the resolution of optical tweezers to allow one of the most elementary events in molecular biology, the stepping of a polymerase enzyme over a single base pair, to be resolved in real time. However, what are the ultimate limits of optical tweezers and wha ...
... Substantial effort has been spent in pushing the resolution of optical tweezers to allow one of the most elementary events in molecular biology, the stepping of a polymerase enzyme over a single base pair, to be resolved in real time. However, what are the ultimate limits of optical tweezers and wha ...
Chapter 22: SV40 and Polyomavirus DNA Replication
... The auxiliary regions increase the efficiency and cell-type specificity of viral DNA replication. The extent to which auxiliary elements enhance DNA replication differs between SV40 and PyV: SV40 DNA replication is stimulated 5- to 25-fold by these elements, whereas PyV DNA replication is enhanced b ...
... The auxiliary regions increase the efficiency and cell-type specificity of viral DNA replication. The extent to which auxiliary elements enhance DNA replication differs between SV40 and PyV: SV40 DNA replication is stimulated 5- to 25-fold by these elements, whereas PyV DNA replication is enhanced b ...
Role of the p21 Protein in the Fanconi Anemia Pathway
... – Benign and malignant liver, brain and renal tumors ...
... – Benign and malignant liver, brain and renal tumors ...
e Study of RNA Polymerase Pausing by Optical Traps
... biology of living organisms. It is responsible for DNA transcription, the first step of genetic expression, and is therefore highly regulated by the cell. If transcription is not regulated, cellular processes can become unsynchronized, possibly leading to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer. Transcr ...
... biology of living organisms. It is responsible for DNA transcription, the first step of genetic expression, and is therefore highly regulated by the cell. If transcription is not regulated, cellular processes can become unsynchronized, possibly leading to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer. Transcr ...
Recombinant DNA technology and molecular cloning
... accordance with the NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules. Four levels of risk are recognized, from minimal to high, for which four levels of containment (physical and biological barriers to the escape of dangerous organisms) are outlined. The highest risk level is for expe ...
... accordance with the NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules. Four levels of risk are recognized, from minimal to high, for which four levels of containment (physical and biological barriers to the escape of dangerous organisms) are outlined. The highest risk level is for expe ...
Principles and challenges of genome
... frequently in the genome but relatively rarely within CpG islands56. This digestion step is often incorporated into protocols to deplete the sample of CpG-poor DNA before further processing, such as adaptor ligation. small genomes, such as the A. thaliana genome, do not require an amplification step ...
... frequently in the genome but relatively rarely within CpG islands56. This digestion step is often incorporated into protocols to deplete the sample of CpG-poor DNA before further processing, such as adaptor ligation. small genomes, such as the A. thaliana genome, do not require an amplification step ...
DNA repair
DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as UV light and radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in as many as 1 million individual molecular lesions per cell per day. Many of these lesions cause structural damage to the DNA molecule and can alter or eliminate the cell's ability to transcribe the gene that the affected DNA encodes. Other lesions induce potentially harmful mutations in the cell's genome, which affect the survival of its daughter cells after it undergoes mitosis. As a consequence, the DNA repair process is constantly active as it responds to damage in the DNA structure. When normal repair processes fail, and when cellular apoptosis does not occur, irreparable DNA damage may occur, including double-strand breaks and DNA crosslinkages (interstrand crosslinks or ICLs).The rate of DNA repair is dependent on many factors, including the cell type, the age of the cell, and the extracellular environment. A cell that has accumulated a large amount of DNA damage, or one that no longer effectively repairs damage incurred to its DNA, can enter one of three possible states: an irreversible state of dormancy, known as senescence cell suicide, also known as apoptosis or programmed cell death unregulated cell division, which can lead to the formation of a tumor that is cancerousThe DNA repair ability of a cell is vital to the integrity of its genome and thus to the normal functionality of that organism. Many genes that were initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection.