Behavioural analysis of the acute and chronic effects of MDMA
... 5-HT transporter sites (McCann et al. 1998). In animal studies MDMA has been shown to be selectively neurotoxic to 5-HT neurones (Battaglia et al. 1987a), while sparing dopamine neurones (Nash and Brodkin 1991). The regional activity of tryptophan hydroxylase and corresponding concentrations of 5-HT ...
... 5-HT transporter sites (McCann et al. 1998). In animal studies MDMA has been shown to be selectively neurotoxic to 5-HT neurones (Battaglia et al. 1987a), while sparing dopamine neurones (Nash and Brodkin 1991). The regional activity of tryptophan hydroxylase and corresponding concentrations of 5-HT ...
Appetitive Instrumental Learning Requires Coincident Activation of
... On days 1–5 of testing, each rat received the appropriate microinf usion immediately before it was placed in an operant chamber. For experiment 1, rats received either a low (n ⫽ 8), medium (n ⫽ 9), or high (n ⫽ 9) dose of SCH-23390 or saline (n ⫽ 8). For experiment 2, rats received either AP-5 (n ⫽ ...
... On days 1–5 of testing, each rat received the appropriate microinf usion immediately before it was placed in an operant chamber. For experiment 1, rats received either a low (n ⫽ 8), medium (n ⫽ 9), or high (n ⫽ 9) dose of SCH-23390 or saline (n ⫽ 8). For experiment 2, rats received either AP-5 (n ⫽ ...
sleep apnea - Village Sleep Lab
... Classification of RLS Severe: Symptoms cause marked nightly insomnia, daily fatigue, not only legs but arms, back or stomach can be involved, symptoms occur in afternoon or morning; use one drug: one or 2 doses, use 2 drugs Intractable: Not responsive to either Requip or Mirapex alone: need 2 hig ...
... Classification of RLS Severe: Symptoms cause marked nightly insomnia, daily fatigue, not only legs but arms, back or stomach can be involved, symptoms occur in afternoon or morning; use one drug: one or 2 doses, use 2 drugs Intractable: Not responsive to either Requip or Mirapex alone: need 2 hig ...
Drug Metabolism and Variability among Patients in Drug Response
... effects, which depend on the relationship between drug concentration and the response. Variability in drug levels of this magnitude, if not recognized and understood, potentially presents a major therapeutic problem in dosage optimization. For example, dosage of the immunosuppressive drug cyclospori ...
... effects, which depend on the relationship between drug concentration and the response. Variability in drug levels of this magnitude, if not recognized and understood, potentially presents a major therapeutic problem in dosage optimization. For example, dosage of the immunosuppressive drug cyclospori ...
New psychoactive substances in Europe - Emcdda
... markets is a range of products containing new psychoactive substances that are sold under the guise of being ‘food supplements’ (Figure 4). These products are aimed not at recreational drug users but at the growing number of people looking to enhance their body and mind, allowing new psychoactive su ...
... markets is a range of products containing new psychoactive substances that are sold under the guise of being ‘food supplements’ (Figure 4). These products are aimed not at recreational drug users but at the growing number of people looking to enhance their body and mind, allowing new psychoactive su ...
(Zofran) Training Module - Nor
... Zofran may have value in the treatment of schizophrenia, as an adjunct to haloperidol. Parkinson’s: Studies have indicated that Zofran may be a possible treatment for psychosis resulting from advanced Parkinson’s disease. Alcoholism: Zofran has been found to lower the cravings for alcohol, espec ...
... Zofran may have value in the treatment of schizophrenia, as an adjunct to haloperidol. Parkinson’s: Studies have indicated that Zofran may be a possible treatment for psychosis resulting from advanced Parkinson’s disease. Alcoholism: Zofran has been found to lower the cravings for alcohol, espec ...
Simultaneous Inhibition of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase and
... not, drug combinations were used to test the hypothesis that dual inhibition of both FAAH and MAGL produces qualitatively unique effects. In addition to combining URB597 and JZL184 as previously described (see Wiley et al., 2014), this study examined a second drug combination (i.e., PF-3845 with JZL ...
... not, drug combinations were used to test the hypothesis that dual inhibition of both FAAH and MAGL produces qualitatively unique effects. In addition to combining URB597 and JZL184 as previously described (see Wiley et al., 2014), this study examined a second drug combination (i.e., PF-3845 with JZL ...
Sceletium tortuosum and Mesembrine: A
... everyday life. The disorder can be attributed to neurochemical imbalances of various neurotransmitters including but not limited to serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Conventional pharmacological treatments have fo ...
... everyday life. The disorder can be attributed to neurochemical imbalances of various neurotransmitters including but not limited to serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Conventional pharmacological treatments have fo ...
Sceletium tortuosum and Mesembrine: A
... everyday life. The disorder can be attributed to neurochemical imbalances of various neurotransmitters including but not limited to serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Conventional pharmacological treatments have fo ...
... everyday life. The disorder can be attributed to neurochemical imbalances of various neurotransmitters including but not limited to serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Conventional pharmacological treatments have fo ...
CHEM263 Introduction Pharmacology (STARS:XXXXX)
... Week 5 Pharmacology of the Heart (09/19-09/25) Chapter 21 Review of Cardiac Physiology and Pathology Learning Outcomes: After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. describe the normal flow of blood through the chambers and blood vessels of the heart. 2. identify the different parts of the ...
... Week 5 Pharmacology of the Heart (09/19-09/25) Chapter 21 Review of Cardiac Physiology and Pathology Learning Outcomes: After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. describe the normal flow of blood through the chambers and blood vessels of the heart. 2. identify the different parts of the ...
Pharma. MCQs
... A BDS student while answering the question about ciprofloxacin gave various statements; which of the following statements was rejected by the examiner? a. Clinical antagonism occurs when used with Co-trimoxazole. b. Post-antibiotic effects are similar to aminoglycosides. c. It is active against most ...
... A BDS student while answering the question about ciprofloxacin gave various statements; which of the following statements was rejected by the examiner? a. Clinical antagonism occurs when used with Co-trimoxazole. b. Post-antibiotic effects are similar to aminoglycosides. c. It is active against most ...
Prescribing medicines in pregnancy
... Also, the developing central nervous system, because of its prolonged period of histogenesis and functional maturation, can be damaged by exposure to certain medicines in the second and third trimesters, resulting in problems such as mental retardation, cerebral palsy or deafness. In addition to ges ...
... Also, the developing central nervous system, because of its prolonged period of histogenesis and functional maturation, can be damaged by exposure to certain medicines in the second and third trimesters, resulting in problems such as mental retardation, cerebral palsy or deafness. In addition to ges ...
Analgesia - Online CPD Courses for Veterinary Nurses
... Naloxone is a full opioid antagonist which can be used to reverse the effects of full μ agonists and mixed agonists antagonists, however it does not effectively antagonize the effects of the partial opioid agonist buprenorphine because buprenorphine has a greater affinity for the μ receptors than na ...
... Naloxone is a full opioid antagonist which can be used to reverse the effects of full μ agonists and mixed agonists antagonists, however it does not effectively antagonize the effects of the partial opioid agonist buprenorphine because buprenorphine has a greater affinity for the μ receptors than na ...
Suggestion from clinicians
... dosing guidelines (Table VIII). No single agent has been conclusively shown to have superior efficacy.326,327 Exceeding the recommended dosage may result in increased sedation with many of these products309,323,328-330 that do not produce sedation at recommended doses. Although antihistamines can be ...
... dosing guidelines (Table VIII). No single agent has been conclusively shown to have superior efficacy.326,327 Exceeding the recommended dosage may result in increased sedation with many of these products309,323,328-330 that do not produce sedation at recommended doses. Although antihistamines can be ...
Practical Guide to Using MAOIs - Neuroscience Education Institute
... The Truth Sympathomimetic decongestants and stimulants should be used with caution while monitoring blood pressure in patients for which the benefits are greater than the risks and should be avoided only in high-risk/low-benefit populations. ...
... The Truth Sympathomimetic decongestants and stimulants should be used with caution while monitoring blood pressure in patients for which the benefits are greater than the risks and should be avoided only in high-risk/low-benefit populations. ...
Saredutant, an NK2 receptor antagonist, has both antidepressant
... coeruleus and NA release in the prefrontal cortex following uncontrollable stress. The increase of extracellular levels of NA following desipramine produces, when the drug is given chronically, a downregulation of beta-adrenergic receptors (e.g., Bradford et al., 1987), which in turn results in a de ...
... coeruleus and NA release in the prefrontal cortex following uncontrollable stress. The increase of extracellular levels of NA following desipramine produces, when the drug is given chronically, a downregulation of beta-adrenergic receptors (e.g., Bradford et al., 1987), which in turn results in a de ...
butyrylcholinesterase accelerates cocaine metabolism: in vitro and
... detected. Cocaine metabolism was observed in the plasma-alone condition, with concentrations decreasing at a half-life of 100.3 min. The addition of 25, 50, and 100 U of BChE accelerated cocaine metabolism in an activity-related manner, and dramatically reduced the half-life of cocaine to 37.6 min ( ...
... detected. Cocaine metabolism was observed in the plasma-alone condition, with concentrations decreasing at a half-life of 100.3 min. The addition of 25, 50, and 100 U of BChE accelerated cocaine metabolism in an activity-related manner, and dramatically reduced the half-life of cocaine to 37.6 min ( ...
cocaine 68, 111, 145, 150, 164, 192, 201, 208, 209, 226, 270, 274
... injecting drug users and proportion that use crack cocaine. Findings: After matching, 4117 individuals aged 15-44 were identified. The best-fitting model estimated 16 855 unobserved crack cocaine users, giving an overall estimate of approximately 21000 [95% confidence interval (CI) 13 000-43 000] an ...
... injecting drug users and proportion that use crack cocaine. Findings: After matching, 4117 individuals aged 15-44 were identified. The best-fitting model estimated 16 855 unobserved crack cocaine users, giving an overall estimate of approximately 21000 [95% confidence interval (CI) 13 000-43 000] an ...
Local and Nitrous Review
... Non-selective alpha-adrenergic blocking agent used for the treatment of HTN associated with pheo. – 1.7 ml carpule with 0.4 mg phentolamine mesylate ...
... Non-selective alpha-adrenergic blocking agent used for the treatment of HTN associated with pheo. – 1.7 ml carpule with 0.4 mg phentolamine mesylate ...
Insomnia - ISpatula
... • Oxidation may be inhibited in patients with impaired liver function, advanced age, or concurrent use of drugs that inhibit oxidation. ...
... • Oxidation may be inhibited in patients with impaired liver function, advanced age, or concurrent use of drugs that inhibit oxidation. ...
New Drugs and Technologies
... rate. On the basis of these adverse hemodynamic effects, initial product labeling warned against use of the drug in patients with a history of coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, or uncontrolled hypertension. Despite these warnings, a number of adverse cardiovascul ...
... rate. On the basis of these adverse hemodynamic effects, initial product labeling warned against use of the drug in patients with a history of coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, or uncontrolled hypertension. Despite these warnings, a number of adverse cardiovascul ...
Codeine and paracetamol use in children
... result of recent evaluations of its benefit/safety profile following several documented deaths in children, the advice on the use of the drug in both the USA and Europe has changed. Prior to the ...
... result of recent evaluations of its benefit/safety profile following several documented deaths in children, the advice on the use of the drug in both the USA and Europe has changed. Prior to the ...
Dextromethorphan (DXM)
... available in Finland include Resilar®, Redol Comp® and Sir Ephedrin®. They can only be bought at pharmacies and some are prescription-only. There are a number of English street names for preparations containing dextromethorphan, including CCC, robos and skittles. In Finland, they are known as “Ressu ...
... available in Finland include Resilar®, Redol Comp® and Sir Ephedrin®. They can only be bought at pharmacies and some are prescription-only. There are a number of English street names for preparations containing dextromethorphan, including CCC, robos and skittles. In Finland, they are known as “Ressu ...
Stimulant
Stimulants (also referred to as psychostimulants) are psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both. Examples of these kinds of effects may include enhanced alertness, wakefulness, and locomotion, among others. Due to their rendering a characteristic ""up"" feeling, stimulants are also occasionally referred to as ""uppers"". Depressants or ""downers"", which decrease mental and/or physical function, are in stark contrast to stimulants and are considered to be their functional opposites. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines and without prescription both as legal substances and illicit substances of recreational use or abuse.