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This is a background paper for discussion. It does not... Committee and should not be cited. 
This is a background paper for discussion. It does not... Committee and should not be cited. 

... serious cardiac outcomes in young individuals but stated that these reports were incomplete and that consumption of energy drinks and alcohol often occurred in connection with other drugs; limiting the ability to draw conclusions. Since that time, a small study of 10 healthy adult volunteers has bee ...
Ranibizumab or bevacizumab in AMD?
Ranibizumab or bevacizumab in AMD?

... included nausea and vomiting, which are less relevant events than gastric haemorrhages, but their relative frequencies (how many of the total GI events were episodes of nausea, vomiting or  haemorrhage) are unknown. As for the relevance of this result, the absolute difference in GI events is small e ...
Section 34_Addiction Medications 2_68 slides
Section 34_Addiction Medications 2_68 slides

... Not clear if buprenorphine can be as effective as higher doses of methadone (e.g., 80-100 mg or more per day), and therefore may not be the treatment of choice for some patients with higher levels of physical dependence ...
GHB
GHB

... • Available in tablets, capsules, powders or clear liquid ...
Catechol-O-methyltransferase val met genotype
Catechol-O-methyltransferase val met genotype

... function and working memory of met/met carriers, whereas it improved performance among val/val carriers. This was explained as an inverted ‘U’ functional response curve so that performance is improved by modest increases in synaptic DA levels, but impaired when levels exceed a certain optimal level. ...
Greater Sensitivity to Subjective Effects of Nicotine in Nonsmokers
Greater Sensitivity to Subjective Effects of Nicotine in Nonsmokers

... seeking (Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire; Cloninger, SvraMc, & Przybeck, 1993), are associated with greater risk of drug use (Howard, Kivlahan, & Walker, 1997), including initiation or persistence of smoking (e.g., Heath, Madden, Slutske, & Martin, 1995; C. S. Pomerleau, Pomerleau, Flesslan ...
View/Open
View/Open

... DRUGS AFFECTING RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM AND PLASMA KININS involved in cognitive function and memory in animals. Thus Ang IV improves memory. Some vascular, renal and other peripheral effects of Ang IV have also been described. Angiotensin (1-7) This heptapeptide can be produced from Ang I or Ang II ...
6 points each
6 points each

... 9. Dry mouth is a major side effect of olanzapine in many patients. Orthostatic hypotension is also seen in some patients. Theoretically, what kinds of change(s) in receptor binding would be desirable in a new drug (call it “neo-olanzapine”) that would have the same therapeutic effect and potency as ...
one  that I'm not aware
one that I'm not aware

... I am confident ...
Current Drugs for Antimalarial Chemoprophylaxis: A Review of
Current Drugs for Antimalarial Chemoprophylaxis: A Review of

... mosquito bites.8,9 However, the spread of malaria and the emergence of drug resistance have changed standard recommendations for chemoprophylaxis over the last decade, leading to confusion among both travelers and their health care providers.10–12 Surveys have shown that physicians often prescribe c ...
Some Neuropharmacological Effects of the Crude Venom Extract of
Some Neuropharmacological Effects of the Crude Venom Extract of

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NHS Walsall Protocol for the supply of Nicotine Replacement
NHS Walsall Protocol for the supply of Nicotine Replacement

... the voucher and issue to client (appendix 4). Initial NRT vouchers should only be issued weekly for the first two weeks of the client’s quit attempt and then fortnightly from week 3 to 8. Vouchers should be issued for 2 weeks supply of NRT for the first 4 weeks of a clients quit attempt (issued from ...
Alcobra Corporate Presentation November 2014 NASDAQ: ADHD
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Serotonergic Modulation of Rat Pineal Gland Activity: In Vivo
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... Experiment 2. The aim of this experiment was to assess the effects of 5-HT receptor activation by m-CPP on the pineal melatonin production during the night, when the gland is physiologically activated by NE. To this purpose, 54 rats (weighing 200 –250 g) were used in this experiment. At 9:00 PM, in ...
Bayer Aspirin Complex 500mg/30mg Granules for Oral Suspension
Bayer Aspirin Complex 500mg/30mg Granules for Oral Suspension

... - cardiopulmonary toxicity (with premature closure of the ductus arteriosus and pulmonary hypertension); - renal dysfunction, which may progress to renal failure with oligo-hydroamniosis; the mother and the neonate, at the end of pregnancy, to: - possible prolongation of bleeding time, an anti-aggre ...
neuroregulatory effects of nicotine
neuroregulatory effects of nicotine

... al., in press). The reinforcing effects of nicotine and tobacco smoking appear to be mediated by C6 receptors in the CNS (Hanson et al., 1979; Tennant et al., 1984; Clarke et al., 1985). By way of explaining nicotine's biphasic effects (i.e., stimulation followed by inhibition of responding, particu ...
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS Neonatal Drug Withdrawal
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS Neonatal Drug Withdrawal

... Many studies that assess behavior and neurologic signs in cocaine-exposed infants have used scoring systems designed to assess opiate withdrawal. Some of the signs of opiate abstinence are commonly scored (Tables 3 and 4), but these signs are toxic effects of cocaine rather than evidence of withdraw ...
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PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University

... recommendation is supported by the fact that there was considerable disagreement between explicit definitions. There were also considerable differences between the number of definitions given per concept. For instance, euphoria was never explicitly defined, craving only once, but rebound 25 times. T ...
Understanding the metabolism of codeine is important for the
Understanding the metabolism of codeine is important for the

... will still produce morphine from codeine, but much less than the EMs or UMs (less than 1% conversion). Thus, the concentrations of morphine and its metabolites in their plasma will be so low as to be not measurable. Having said that, these metabolites are still formed, and they do appear in the urin ...
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July 10, 2006
July 10, 2006

... What are the slang names for fentanyl? While slang names may vary from region to region, some of the slang names that have been identified for fentanyl include the bomb, China girl, China white, dance fever, drop dead, Incredible Hulk, infamous, Fat Albert, flat line, friend, goodfella, jackpot, let ...
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Essay Code D17 Heroin - Needles, Pain, and Addiction "[Users] just

... Figure 4. Intravenous use of heroin using needles Opioids are commonly depicted in media as the drug of addicts, because of its stereotypical highs and lows. The highs created from drugs such as heroin make one exceptionally euphoric, while withdrawal symptoms can be fatal as many users die from fa ...
Ocular Side Effects of Sildenafil: A Prospective Study
Ocular Side Effects of Sildenafil: A Prospective Study

... hemorrhages.4 However, a recent study found that there is “lack of conclusive evidence to indicate a direct causeeffect relationship between phosphodiesterase enzyme type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor use and vision-threatening ocular events. Men who use PDE5 inhibitors appear to suffer vision-threatening comp ...
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Stimulant



Stimulants (also referred to as psychostimulants) are psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both. Examples of these kinds of effects may include enhanced alertness, wakefulness, and locomotion, among others. Due to their rendering a characteristic ""up"" feeling, stimulants are also occasionally referred to as ""uppers"". Depressants or ""downers"", which decrease mental and/or physical function, are in stark contrast to stimulants and are considered to be their functional opposites. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines and without prescription both as legal substances and illicit substances of recreational use or abuse.
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