Genotyping and Copy Number Variation
... § PCR primers bind to target region § Allele-specific oligonucleotide probes, labeled at each end with either a fluorescent dye or a quencher molecule, bind to the variant site § Proofreading polymerase degrades the oligonucleotide probe, releasing the dye molecule resulting in a fluorescent s ...
... § PCR primers bind to target region § Allele-specific oligonucleotide probes, labeled at each end with either a fluorescent dye or a quencher molecule, bind to the variant site § Proofreading polymerase degrades the oligonucleotide probe, releasing the dye molecule resulting in a fluorescent s ...
Southern Blotting
... • Moreover, RFLP is a sequence of DNA that has a restriction site on each end with a "target" sequence in between. A target sequence is any segment of DNA that bind to a probe by forming complementary base pair. • RFLP can be used to detect certain deleterious diseases, such as, sickle cell anemia, ...
... • Moreover, RFLP is a sequence of DNA that has a restriction site on each end with a "target" sequence in between. A target sequence is any segment of DNA that bind to a probe by forming complementary base pair. • RFLP can be used to detect certain deleterious diseases, such as, sickle cell anemia, ...
Name: Date: Per:______ DNA Guided Reading There are two types
... Mistakes in the process of meiosis can result in a new organism with more or fewer chromosomes than normal. Individuals with Down’s syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome twenty-one. This results in a variety of physical and/or mental conditions. Many genetic disorders are caused by recessive gen ...
... Mistakes in the process of meiosis can result in a new organism with more or fewer chromosomes than normal. Individuals with Down’s syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome twenty-one. This results in a variety of physical and/or mental conditions. Many genetic disorders are caused by recessive gen ...
Chapter 12 Review PPT
... _________________ are weak bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together, but also allow the DNA to separate and ...
... _________________ are weak bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together, but also allow the DNA to separate and ...
point of view that is personal rather than scientific
... _________________ are weak bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together, but also allow the DNA to separate and ...
... _________________ are weak bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together, but also allow the DNA to separate and ...
Homework #2
... 6. A female with Turner’s syndrome (XO) is found to be colorblind (X-linked recessive trait). Both his mother and father have normal vision. a) Explain how this could have occurred by a nondisjunction event and whether the nondisjunction occurred in the father or in the mother. b) Did the nondisjunc ...
... 6. A female with Turner’s syndrome (XO) is found to be colorblind (X-linked recessive trait). Both his mother and father have normal vision. a) Explain how this could have occurred by a nondisjunction event and whether the nondisjunction occurred in the father or in the mother. b) Did the nondisjunc ...
Chapter 13 - Auburn CUSD 10
... What do you do with the DNA now? Scientists attach dye to the nitrogenous bases. When the base is used in replication, it terminates the strand. Then the dye-tagged fragments are separated using gel electrophoresis. Using this method, researchers can determine DNA sequences and study an organis ...
... What do you do with the DNA now? Scientists attach dye to the nitrogenous bases. When the base is used in replication, it terminates the strand. Then the dye-tagged fragments are separated using gel electrophoresis. Using this method, researchers can determine DNA sequences and study an organis ...
Part I, for Exam 1: 1. Based on Chargaff`s rules, which of the
... conformation that protects newly inserted DNA from nuclease degradation. C) a replication origin, which permits it to replicate autonomously. D) resistance to two different antibiotics, which permits rapid screening for recombinant plasmids containing foreign DNA. E) small overall size, which facili ...
... conformation that protects newly inserted DNA from nuclease degradation. C) a replication origin, which permits it to replicate autonomously. D) resistance to two different antibiotics, which permits rapid screening for recombinant plasmids containing foreign DNA. E) small overall size, which facili ...
2nd problem set
... 1. Imagine you are sequencing the DNA molecule shown above. Assume the primer 5’ GATGCCT 3’ is used to initiate DNA synthesis. You have a tube containing template, primer, millions of ACGT nucleotides and millions of dideoxyC nucleotides. (p. 387-393 of your textbook has a good review if you are hav ...
... 1. Imagine you are sequencing the DNA molecule shown above. Assume the primer 5’ GATGCCT 3’ is used to initiate DNA synthesis. You have a tube containing template, primer, millions of ACGT nucleotides and millions of dideoxyC nucleotides. (p. 387-393 of your textbook has a good review if you are hav ...
Chapter 5 DNA and Chromosomes
... Unique banding patterns allow the identification of the human chromosomes Giemsa stain A-T rich ...
... Unique banding patterns allow the identification of the human chromosomes Giemsa stain A-T rich ...
Genetic Technology
... There are many different restriction enzymes that are specific for different genes (DNA sequences) ...
... There are many different restriction enzymes that are specific for different genes (DNA sequences) ...
dna microinjection
... • the super- ovulated females are mated and killed • the fertilized eggs are flushed from their oviducts • microinjection of the fertilized eggs ...
... • the super- ovulated females are mated and killed • the fertilized eggs are flushed from their oviducts • microinjection of the fertilized eggs ...
chapter 11, 12, 13 practice questions
... 7. Refer to the sample pedigree from the MiniLab on pg. 310. The blue shapes are recessive and the yellow are dominant. A) Classify individuals II-1, II-2, and III-1 as homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous. B) How many females are in the pedigree? How many males? CHAPTER 13: 1. ...
... 7. Refer to the sample pedigree from the MiniLab on pg. 310. The blue shapes are recessive and the yellow are dominant. A) Classify individuals II-1, II-2, and III-1 as homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, or heterozygous. B) How many females are in the pedigree? How many males? CHAPTER 13: 1. ...
PCR analysis
... Fig. 11. Location of an Alu repetitive element within an intron. Some of these Alu sequences have characteristics that make them very useful to geneticists. If an Alu sequence is present within the introns of certain genes, they can either be associated with a disease or be used to estimate relatedn ...
... Fig. 11. Location of an Alu repetitive element within an intron. Some of these Alu sequences have characteristics that make them very useful to geneticists. If an Alu sequence is present within the introns of certain genes, they can either be associated with a disease or be used to estimate relatedn ...
5 POINT QUESTIONS 1. A. Give the anticodon sequences (with 5` 3
... A woman is born with Turner Syndrome (an aneuploid condition) and red-green color blindness; associated with expression of an X-linked allele. Both her parents had normal vision. Explain as fully as possible. The woman inherited the X-linked recessive allele from her mother, who was heterozygous for ...
... A woman is born with Turner Syndrome (an aneuploid condition) and red-green color blindness; associated with expression of an X-linked allele. Both her parents had normal vision. Explain as fully as possible. The woman inherited the X-linked recessive allele from her mother, who was heterozygous for ...
Genetics Unit 4 – Genetic Technology
... Should we control immigration? Should we limit human reproduction by controlling breeding and thus altering the genetic structure of our population (eugenics)? Chapter 19 – Section 19.3 DNA ___________________ – variations in DNA sequences between individuals - found in ______________ (many mutation ...
... Should we control immigration? Should we limit human reproduction by controlling breeding and thus altering the genetic structure of our population (eugenics)? Chapter 19 – Section 19.3 DNA ___________________ – variations in DNA sequences between individuals - found in ______________ (many mutation ...
a@%,,$, 03%
... 19. Which of the following is NOT a long or short-term goal of the Human Genome project? (A) decipher the full set of genetic instructions in human DNA (B) develop the set of human genetic instructions as a research tool for scientists (C) provide a genetic map of the 24 different human chromosomes ...
... 19. Which of the following is NOT a long or short-term goal of the Human Genome project? (A) decipher the full set of genetic instructions in human DNA (B) develop the set of human genetic instructions as a research tool for scientists (C) provide a genetic map of the 24 different human chromosomes ...
Comparative genomic hybridization
Comparative genomic hybridization is a molecular cytogenetic method for analysing copy number variations (CNVs) relative to ploidy level in the DNA of a test sample compared to a reference sample, without the need for culturing cells. The aim of this technique is to quickly and efficiently compare two genomic DNA samples arising from two sources, which are most often closely related, because it is suspected that they contain differences in terms of either gains or losses of either whole chromosomes or subchromosomal regions (a portion of a whole chromosome). This technique was originally developed for the evaluation of the differences between the chromosomal complements of solid tumor and normal tissue, and has an improved resoIution of 5-10 megabases compared to the more traditional cytogenetic analysis techniques of giemsa banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which are limited by the resolution of the microscope utilized.This is achieved through the use of competitive fluorescence in situ hybridization. In short, this involves the isolation of DNA from the two sources to be compared, most commonly a test and reference source, independent labelling of each DNA sample with a different fluorophores (fluorescent molecules) of different colours (usually red and green), denaturation of the DNA so that it is single stranded, and the hybridization of the two resultant samples in a 1:1 ratio to a normal metaphase spread of chromosomes, to which the labelled DNA samples will bind at their locus of origin. Using a fluorescence microscope and computer software, the differentially coloured fluorescent signals are then compared along the length of each chromosome for identification of chromosomal differences between the two sources. A higher intensity of the test sample colour in a specific region of a chromosome indicates the gain of material of that region in the corresponding source sample, while a higher intensity of the reference sample colour indicates the loss of material in the test sample in that specific region. A neutral colour (yellow when the fluorophore labels are red and green) indicates no difference between the two samples in that location.CGH is only able to detect unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities. This is because balanced chromosomal abnormalities such as reciprocal translocations, inversions or ring chromosomes do not affect copy number, which is what is detected by CGH technologies. CGH does, however, allow for the exploration of all 46 human chromosomes in single test and the discovery of deletions and duplications, even on the microscopic scale which may lead to the identification of candidate genes to be further explored by other cytological techniques.Through the use of DNA microarrays in conjunction with CGH techniques, the more specific form of array CGH (aCGH) has been developed, allowing for a locus-by-locus measure of CNV with increased resolution as low as 100 kilobases. This improved technique allows for the aetiology of known and unknown conditions to be discovered.