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... On Earth, there are two types of crust: oceanic and continental. Oceanic crust is composed of basalt, which is relatively dense (~2.9 g/cm3). Continental crust is composed primarily of granite, which is less dense than basalt (~2.7 g/cm3). Since both are less dense than the asthenosphere (3.1 to 3.3 ...
... On Earth, there are two types of crust: oceanic and continental. Oceanic crust is composed of basalt, which is relatively dense (~2.9 g/cm3). Continental crust is composed primarily of granite, which is less dense than basalt (~2.7 g/cm3). Since both are less dense than the asthenosphere (3.1 to 3.3 ...
Word format
... Accretionary wedge and forearc basin sediments may get deformed and uplifted to the point that they form mountain ranges that rise above the ocean. Examples: ...
... Accretionary wedge and forearc basin sediments may get deformed and uplifted to the point that they form mountain ranges that rise above the ocean. Examples: ...
Chapter 4 Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics
... mantle • Asthenosphere-the solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere; made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it Chapter menu ...
... mantle • Asthenosphere-the solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere; made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it Chapter menu ...
Seafloor Spreading
... • The PT Theory was not accepted at first because there was no explanation for how the continents moved. – Scientist did not know about convection cells yet. ...
... • The PT Theory was not accepted at first because there was no explanation for how the continents moved. – Scientist did not know about convection cells yet. ...
File
... is very hot but still solid. Geologists divide the mantle into layers based on physical characteristics. Overall, the mantle is around 1,800 miles thick. ...
... is very hot but still solid. Geologists divide the mantle into layers based on physical characteristics. Overall, the mantle is around 1,800 miles thick. ...
Africa-Arabia-Eurasia plate interactions and
... Our proposed GeoPRISMS Initiative is based on the premise that understanding the mechanics of plate motions (i.e., the force balance on the plates) is necessary to develop realistic models for plate interactions, including processes at subduction and extensional (rifting) plate boundaries. Importan ...
... Our proposed GeoPRISMS Initiative is based on the premise that understanding the mechanics of plate motions (i.e., the force balance on the plates) is necessary to develop realistic models for plate interactions, including processes at subduction and extensional (rifting) plate boundaries. Importan ...
European Research Council funds 2D ultra
... signals from the mantle and LAB at 50-70 km depth. These are challenging problems, to say the least. Apart from imaging the base of the lithosphere, the possible presence of melt lenses in the mantle beneath the ridge axis down to 20-40 km depth should also be imaged. The 12-km streamer data provide ...
... signals from the mantle and LAB at 50-70 km depth. These are challenging problems, to say the least. Apart from imaging the base of the lithosphere, the possible presence of melt lenses in the mantle beneath the ridge axis down to 20-40 km depth should also be imaged. The 12-km streamer data provide ...
File - Consuegra Science
... Fossil, Rock cycle, Weathering, mechanical (physical) weathering, chemical weathering, Humus, Continental drift theory, sea floor spreading, plate tectonics, Pangaea, mid-ocean ridge, trench, continental slope, continental shelf, seamount, abyssal plain, Convergent boundary, transform boundary, dive ...
... Fossil, Rock cycle, Weathering, mechanical (physical) weathering, chemical weathering, Humus, Continental drift theory, sea floor spreading, plate tectonics, Pangaea, mid-ocean ridge, trench, continental slope, continental shelf, seamount, abyssal plain, Convergent boundary, transform boundary, dive ...
chapter14, 2009 APES
... The three major types of rocks found in the earth’s crust—sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic—are recycled very slowly by the process of erosion, melting, and metamorphism. ...
... The three major types of rocks found in the earth’s crust—sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic—are recycled very slowly by the process of erosion, melting, and metamorphism. ...
Geology - Lone Star College
... and heats the mantle When hot mantle material pushes upward it “uplifts” the lithosphere. Where the lithosphere is cool and dense it sinks downward into the deeper mantle. Tectonic Forces cause deformation of rocks as well as vertical and horizontal movement of portions of the earth’s crust. Model f ...
... and heats the mantle When hot mantle material pushes upward it “uplifts” the lithosphere. Where the lithosphere is cool and dense it sinks downward into the deeper mantle. Tectonic Forces cause deformation of rocks as well as vertical and horizontal movement of portions of the earth’s crust. Model f ...
Scaling down the Earth
... intensely hot, there is such incredible pressure that the molecules of iron and nickel within it cannot spread out into a liquid. **** The molten metal liquid outer core moving around the solid metal inner core creates Earth’s magnetosphere that protects Earth from much of the Sun’s harmful radiatio ...
... intensely hot, there is such incredible pressure that the molecules of iron and nickel within it cannot spread out into a liquid. **** The molten metal liquid outer core moving around the solid metal inner core creates Earth’s magnetosphere that protects Earth from much of the Sun’s harmful radiatio ...
Composition and Evolution of the Lithosphere
... residue of lower crustal melting is complementary to upper crust return of the residue to the mantle shorter residence time of the lower crust than the upper crust ...
... residue of lower crustal melting is complementary to upper crust return of the residue to the mantle shorter residence time of the lower crust than the upper crust ...
Vine FJ. Spreading of the ocean floor: new evidence. Science 154
... the Juan da Fuca survey data and that the event could have been predicted from these had we assumed a constant rate of spreading. On the basis of these developments, I resolved to write this paper. Between its conception and publication, further corroborative evidence became available. In February 1 ...
... the Juan da Fuca survey data and that the event could have been predicted from these had we assumed a constant rate of spreading. On the basis of these developments, I resolved to write this paper. Between its conception and publication, further corroborative evidence became available. In February 1 ...
Seafloor Spreading
... from them led to another theory, called “Plate Tectonics.” This is the hypothesis that the Earth’s crust is broken up into several pieces, called lithospheric plates, and that the plates are slowly moving which changes the geographic appearance of Earth’s surface. Here is how plate tectonics works. ...
... from them led to another theory, called “Plate Tectonics.” This is the hypothesis that the Earth’s crust is broken up into several pieces, called lithospheric plates, and that the plates are slowly moving which changes the geographic appearance of Earth’s surface. Here is how plate tectonics works. ...
SOL_5.7_Earth
... outer core, and inner core. The crust is the thin rocky surface that includes the continents and the ocean floor. The mantle is the thickest layer. The rock material is solid, but it can flow like a liquid. The outer core and inner core are made up of mostly iron and nickel. While the outer core is ...
... outer core, and inner core. The crust is the thin rocky surface that includes the continents and the ocean floor. The mantle is the thickest layer. The rock material is solid, but it can flow like a liquid. The outer core and inner core are made up of mostly iron and nickel. While the outer core is ...
The science of Geology - Portland State University
... Plate Boundaries Divergent (constructive) boundary – plates move apart, resulting in upwelling of material from the mantle to create crust Convergent (destructive) boundary – plates move towards each other; subduction of oceanic plates or collision of two continental plates Transform (conservative) ...
... Plate Boundaries Divergent (constructive) boundary – plates move apart, resulting in upwelling of material from the mantle to create crust Convergent (destructive) boundary – plates move towards each other; subduction of oceanic plates or collision of two continental plates Transform (conservative) ...
Michela Griffin
... that floats on the soft underlying layers- where the seafloor and continents are ...
... that floats on the soft underlying layers- where the seafloor and continents are ...
No Slide Title
... Density = medium Composition is silicon and oxygen-based but also includes iron and magnesium. Consistency is plastic. Contains two parts, Upper and Lower Mantle. CORE - Inner layer Density = high Composition is primarily iron and nickel. Contains two parts Inner core is solid. Outer core is liquid. ...
... Density = medium Composition is silicon and oxygen-based but also includes iron and magnesium. Consistency is plastic. Contains two parts, Upper and Lower Mantle. CORE - Inner layer Density = high Composition is primarily iron and nickel. Contains two parts Inner core is solid. Outer core is liquid. ...
Pre-visit Lesson: Middle and High School
... St. Helens and discusses plate tectonics then have students use their new knowledge and the article to complete the KIM vocabulary sheet (see below). This worksheet is a tool to help students learn and understand the terms that they read in the article. The students will come up with a definition of ...
... St. Helens and discusses plate tectonics then have students use their new knowledge and the article to complete the KIM vocabulary sheet (see below). This worksheet is a tool to help students learn and understand the terms that they read in the article. The students will come up with a definition of ...
Document
... happened in each major event in right side column (use headers) 3. Gives a time frame for each major event (Add dates). ...
... happened in each major event in right side column (use headers) 3. Gives a time frame for each major event (Add dates). ...
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός ""pertaining to building"") is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. This theoretical model builds on the concept of continental drift which was developed during the first few decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted the theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading were later developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s.The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (on Earth, the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. On Earth, there are seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary; convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The lateral relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually.Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.