A history of supercontinents on planet Earth
... with not much more than some scrapes. Of course, those scrapes become something much more severe when translated to human terms - one of the most famous examples of a transform boundary is California's San Andreas fault, responsible for some of the most devastating earthquakes in American history. F ...
... with not much more than some scrapes. Of course, those scrapes become something much more severe when translated to human terms - one of the most famous examples of a transform boundary is California's San Andreas fault, responsible for some of the most devastating earthquakes in American history. F ...
Earth Science Questions and Answers for Teachers Teaching Grade 6
... plate. But the rocks at Bodega Head and at Pt. Reyes are actually on the Pacific Plate. This is one of the few places in the world where it is possible to drive from one plate to another. The same situation with two plates making up California is true of land to the east of the San Andreas Fault (th ...
... plate. But the rocks at Bodega Head and at Pt. Reyes are actually on the Pacific Plate. This is one of the few places in the world where it is possible to drive from one plate to another. The same situation with two plates making up California is true of land to the east of the San Andreas Fault (th ...
Plate Tectonics: The Rocky History of an Idea
... period. Striae (striations – marks scraped into the bedrock) left by the scraping of glaciers over the land surface indicated that Africa and South America had been close together at the time of this ancient ice age. The same scraping patterns can be found along the coasts of South America and South ...
... period. Striae (striations – marks scraped into the bedrock) left by the scraping of glaciers over the land surface indicated that Africa and South America had been close together at the time of this ancient ice age. The same scraping patterns can be found along the coasts of South America and South ...
Ocean Topography
... Scientists are able to measure the direction and speed of ocean currents. Measure the different heights of the ocean water surface to make maps of ocean floor. Can cover more territory using ...
... Scientists are able to measure the direction and speed of ocean currents. Measure the different heights of the ocean water surface to make maps of ocean floor. Can cover more territory using ...
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
... Earth’s crust moves vertically as blocks of crust slide past each other along a fault. ...
... Earth’s crust moves vertically as blocks of crust slide past each other along a fault. ...
Why are the Appalachian Mountains so high?
... From Geological History of Jamestown, Rhode Island web site ...
... From Geological History of Jamestown, Rhode Island web site ...
Earth Systems Student Workbook Unit 4
... Compressional forces cause an ocean plate and a continent plate to move together, causing the more dense ocean plate to sink into the asthenosphere. This region where the ocean plate sinks is called a subduction zone. Deep ocean trenches form adjacent to the zone of subduction. These trenches can ra ...
... Compressional forces cause an ocean plate and a continent plate to move together, causing the more dense ocean plate to sink into the asthenosphere. This region where the ocean plate sinks is called a subduction zone. Deep ocean trenches form adjacent to the zone of subduction. These trenches can ra ...
GY 112 "Word/Concept List" For Lecture Test One
... definition and compare and contrast components of the up-coming Lecture test. They are not the only things that you are responsible for on the exam. Multiple answer, fill-in-the-blanks and essay questions will require comprehensive study of your lecture notes and web lecture notes. Use of a text boo ...
... definition and compare and contrast components of the up-coming Lecture test. They are not the only things that you are responsible for on the exam. Multiple answer, fill-in-the-blanks and essay questions will require comprehensive study of your lecture notes and web lecture notes. Use of a text boo ...
Hotspots
... While many volcanoes form along plate boundaries, not all of them do. Some occur in places that geologists call hotspots. A hotspot is a very hot region deep within the mantle. A huge magma chamber forms beneath Earth's crust at a hotspot. Magma periodically erupts from the chamber through cracks in ...
... While many volcanoes form along plate boundaries, not all of them do. Some occur in places that geologists call hotspots. A hotspot is a very hot region deep within the mantle. A huge magma chamber forms beneath Earth's crust at a hotspot. Magma periodically erupts from the chamber through cracks in ...
Name Period
... 7. Why was Wegener interested in finding fossils of the same plants and animals on two different continents? ...
... 7. Why was Wegener interested in finding fossils of the same plants and animals on two different continents? ...
Plate Tectonic Unit Test Review
... b. produces explosive eruptions c. is thick and gas gets trapped, causing pressure to build up d. all of the above ____ 28. The point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the a. syncline. b. footwall. c. epicenter. d. focus. ____ 29. The type of ...
... b. produces explosive eruptions c. is thick and gas gets trapped, causing pressure to build up d. all of the above ____ 28. The point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the a. syncline. b. footwall. c. epicenter. d. focus. ____ 29. The type of ...
Layers of the Earth
... and put under extreme pressure and become metamorphic rocks or be subducted and completely melt again. People have never been able to get through the crust with a machine but holes in the crust (volcanoes) give us a peek at the mantle underneath! The mantle is about 1800 miles (2900 km) thick, and i ...
... and put under extreme pressure and become metamorphic rocks or be subducted and completely melt again. People have never been able to get through the crust with a machine but holes in the crust (volcanoes) give us a peek at the mantle underneath! The mantle is about 1800 miles (2900 km) thick, and i ...
Mineral – Naturally formed solids that are not made from living
... will heat at the bottom, rising due to higher temp and lower density than the cold soup at the top of the pot. 3. Radiation – Heat transfer through the air/empty space without one object touching another. The sun warming the Earth’s surface is radiation. ...
... will heat at the bottom, rising due to higher temp and lower density than the cold soup at the top of the pot. 3. Radiation – Heat transfer through the air/empty space without one object touching another. The sun warming the Earth’s surface is radiation. ...
Chapter 32
... • A fracture along which visible movement can be detected on one side relative to the other. ...
... • A fracture along which visible movement can be detected on one side relative to the other. ...
1996 - Expanding Earth
... 14 November 1996 in Berlin at the Technical University on the invitaion of Professor Karl-Heinz Jacob. The lecture was entitled “Ways and wrong ways in geotectonics”. The presented set of slides was only a part of this wider topic. The same lecture was presented earlier at my parent Institute of Geo ...
... 14 November 1996 in Berlin at the Technical University on the invitaion of Professor Karl-Heinz Jacob. The lecture was entitled “Ways and wrong ways in geotectonics”. The presented set of slides was only a part of this wider topic. The same lecture was presented earlier at my parent Institute of Geo ...
Pacific microplate and the Pangea supercontinent in the Early to
... pulse in mantle plume activity forming oceanic plateaus on the Pacific plate at that time. This lack of evidence for mantle plume activity beneath the Pacific is not absolute proof there was none, as it all might have occurred on surrounding plates, which are now mostly subducted. However, that seem ...
... pulse in mantle plume activity forming oceanic plateaus on the Pacific plate at that time. This lack of evidence for mantle plume activity beneath the Pacific is not absolute proof there was none, as it all might have occurred on surrounding plates, which are now mostly subducted. However, that seem ...
No Slide Title
... The North American Cordillera • The North American Cordillera is one large segment of the circum-Pacific orogenic belt extending from Alaska to central Mexico • In the United States it widens to 1200 km, stretching east-west from the eastern flank of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean ...
... The North American Cordillera • The North American Cordillera is one large segment of the circum-Pacific orogenic belt extending from Alaska to central Mexico • In the United States it widens to 1200 km, stretching east-west from the eastern flank of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean ...
final jeopardy! - Newton.k12.ma.us
... as mesosaurus are found on opposite sides of the Atlantic? Answer: since they could not have swam across, the continents must have once been joined ...
... as mesosaurus are found on opposite sides of the Atlantic? Answer: since they could not have swam across, the continents must have once been joined ...
The Earth`s Crust
... other. ■ The plates do not slip by each other smoothly. ■ Friction holds the upper layers of the crust together. However, the plates continue to move deeper down. ...
... other. ■ The plates do not slip by each other smoothly. ■ Friction holds the upper layers of the crust together. However, the plates continue to move deeper down. ...
NATS1311_120408_bw
... - crust - made of less dense rock Most of Earth’s interior is rock - only narrow region of upper mantle is molten rock - where lava comes from Interior layers also categorized by strength of rock which depends on composition, temperature, and surrounding pressure. Weaker rock can slowly deform and f ...
... - crust - made of less dense rock Most of Earth’s interior is rock - only narrow region of upper mantle is molten rock - where lava comes from Interior layers also categorized by strength of rock which depends on composition, temperature, and surrounding pressure. Weaker rock can slowly deform and f ...
Earth and Space Sciences
... results in the formation of new oceanic crust (from magma that comes from within the Earth's mantle) along a mid-ocean ridge. Where the oceanic plates are moving away from each other is called a zone of divergence. Ocean floor spreading was first suggested by Harry Hess and Robert Dietz in the 1960' ...
... results in the formation of new oceanic crust (from magma that comes from within the Earth's mantle) along a mid-ocean ridge. Where the oceanic plates are moving away from each other is called a zone of divergence. Ocean floor spreading was first suggested by Harry Hess and Robert Dietz in the 1960' ...
pdf version - 4 MB
... On Earth, there are two types of crust: oceanic and continental. Oceanic crust is composed of basalt, which is relatively dense (~2.9 g/cm3). Continental crust is composed primarily of granite, which is less dense than basalt (~2.7 g/cm3). Since both are less dense than the asthenosphere (3.1 to 3.3 ...
... On Earth, there are two types of crust: oceanic and continental. Oceanic crust is composed of basalt, which is relatively dense (~2.9 g/cm3). Continental crust is composed primarily of granite, which is less dense than basalt (~2.7 g/cm3). Since both are less dense than the asthenosphere (3.1 to 3.3 ...
Word format
... Accretionary wedge and forearc basin sediments may get deformed and uplifted to the point that they form mountain ranges that rise above the ocean. Examples: ...
... Accretionary wedge and forearc basin sediments may get deformed and uplifted to the point that they form mountain ranges that rise above the ocean. Examples: ...
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός ""pertaining to building"") is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. This theoretical model builds on the concept of continental drift which was developed during the first few decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted the theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading were later developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s.The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (on Earth, the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. On Earth, there are seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary; convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The lateral relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually.Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.