Plate tectonics - 2 Subduction Zones Transform Faults
... Oceanic crust spreads away from the ridge axis. New ...
... Oceanic crust spreads away from the ridge axis. New ...
Fresh and Saltwater Systems
... The Ocean Floor • Oceans make up the largest ecosystems on Earth, however, they’re so deep we cannot see beyond 100 m. • To map the ocean floor scientists use technologies such as radar and sonar that allow them to ‘see’ the floor. • They’ve discovered underwater mountain ranges called ocean ridges ...
... The Ocean Floor • Oceans make up the largest ecosystems on Earth, however, they’re so deep we cannot see beyond 100 m. • To map the ocean floor scientists use technologies such as radar and sonar that allow them to ‘see’ the floor. • They’ve discovered underwater mountain ranges called ocean ridges ...
Ecology
... Excluded by high inputs of fresh water and nutrients Require a solid substrate for ...
... Excluded by high inputs of fresh water and nutrients Require a solid substrate for ...
Name
... The near-shore zone includes most of the ocean over the __________________ shelf, where the water gets no deeper than about _______ feet. The relatively shallow, near shore zone gets a lot of __________________ and has a much more stable _________________, than the intertidal zone; therefore it is s ...
... The near-shore zone includes most of the ocean over the __________________ shelf, where the water gets no deeper than about _______ feet. The relatively shallow, near shore zone gets a lot of __________________ and has a much more stable _________________, than the intertidal zone; therefore it is s ...
Plate Project SCRIPT
... 1. The process by which the plates move apart can also be referred to as sea floor spreading. At this type of boundary, new oceanic crust is formed in the gap between two diverging plates. Plate area is increased as the plates move apart. 2. Plate movement takes place laterally away from the plate b ...
... 1. The process by which the plates move apart can also be referred to as sea floor spreading. At this type of boundary, new oceanic crust is formed in the gap between two diverging plates. Plate area is increased as the plates move apart. 2. Plate movement takes place laterally away from the plate b ...
4 - Theory of Plate Tectonics
... A well tested concept that explains a wide range of observations • In 1965, J. Tuzo Wilson, a Canadian scientist proposed the theory of Plate Tectonics – Combined knowledge of sea-floor spreading with continental drift ...
... A well tested concept that explains a wide range of observations • In 1965, J. Tuzo Wilson, a Canadian scientist proposed the theory of Plate Tectonics – Combined knowledge of sea-floor spreading with continental drift ...
Seafloor Spreading Hypothesis
... Hess wrote that hot magma rises up into the rift valley at the midocean ridges. The lava cools to form new seafloor. Later more lava erupts at the ridge. The new lava pushes the seafloor horizontally away from the ridge axis (Figure below). The seafloor moves! Magnetite crystals in the lava point in ...
... Hess wrote that hot magma rises up into the rift valley at the midocean ridges. The lava cools to form new seafloor. Later more lava erupts at the ridge. The new lava pushes the seafloor horizontally away from the ridge axis (Figure below). The seafloor moves! Magnetite crystals in the lava point in ...
deep-ocean basin
... • These features include broad, flat plains; submerged volcanoes; gigantic mountain ranges; and deep ...
... • These features include broad, flat plains; submerged volcanoes; gigantic mountain ranges; and deep ...
Lecture 2.5 - St. Mark`s Boise
... When two separate plates are pushing into each other…a collision of two plates occurs. Can create deep ocean trenches and volcanoes ...
... When two separate plates are pushing into each other…a collision of two plates occurs. Can create deep ocean trenches and volcanoes ...
Physical Geology - Geol 1330 (07610) - Spring
... b) Japan c) the east coast of North America d) Hawaii 45. Which of the following convergent plate boundaries will produce the highest mountains? a) oceanic-oceanic b) oceanic-continent c) continent-continent 46. Which of the following is thought to be the dominant driving force for the motion of pla ...
... b) Japan c) the east coast of North America d) Hawaii 45. Which of the following convergent plate boundaries will produce the highest mountains? a) oceanic-oceanic b) oceanic-continent c) continent-continent 46. Which of the following is thought to be the dominant driving force for the motion of pla ...
EGU2017-3831 - CO Meeting Organizer
... driven by peeling off subduction plate coupling process. From our simulation results, leveling changes are different sense among the DONET points even in the same science node. On the other hand, oceanic fluctuations such as melting ice masses through the global warming have so large scale as to cau ...
... driven by peeling off subduction plate coupling process. From our simulation results, leveling changes are different sense among the DONET points even in the same science node. On the other hand, oceanic fluctuations such as melting ice masses through the global warming have so large scale as to cau ...
No Slide Title
... What is the age of the ocean floor? What’s the age of the continents? Why are the ocean basins deep and the continents high? ...
... What is the age of the ocean floor? What’s the age of the continents? Why are the ocean basins deep and the continents high? ...
Sediment Deposition Supports Seafloor Spreading
... The top list, “Places,” may have a lot of different locations on it. In the lower list, “Layers,” make sure that the only boxes checked are: Terrain, Borders, and Geographic Features. Next you will hide this layer by clicking on the triangle to the left of the word “Layers.” Then it should look like ...
... The top list, “Places,” may have a lot of different locations on it. In the lower list, “Layers,” make sure that the only boxes checked are: Terrain, Borders, and Geographic Features. Next you will hide this layer by clicking on the triangle to the left of the word “Layers.” Then it should look like ...
Article - The Evidence of Plate Tectonics
... transport ship, the USS Cape Johnson. Aboard this vessel was a fancy new depth sounder called a fathometer, which was designed to facilitate inshore maneuvers during beach landings, but Hess realized that it could equally well be used for scientific purposes and never switched it off, even when far ...
... transport ship, the USS Cape Johnson. Aboard this vessel was a fancy new depth sounder called a fathometer, which was designed to facilitate inshore maneuvers during beach landings, but Hess realized that it could equally well be used for scientific purposes and never switched it off, even when far ...
Review Topics for Test I
... crust <180my old and away from the ridge, closer to the subduction zone and trench. Plate tectonics theory: Plates move over asthenosphere (weak layer) Mechanism: heat transfer – convection currents in mantle (upper mantle model, or whole mantle model not yet determined) Unifying theory: plate tecto ...
... crust <180my old and away from the ridge, closer to the subduction zone and trench. Plate tectonics theory: Plates move over asthenosphere (weak layer) Mechanism: heat transfer – convection currents in mantle (upper mantle model, or whole mantle model not yet determined) Unifying theory: plate tecto ...
Dynamic Earth
... At divergent boundaries, ________________ ________________ are moving ______________ from each other. Seafloor spreading is ...
... At divergent boundaries, ________________ ________________ are moving ______________ from each other. Seafloor spreading is ...
Chapter 4: Plate - Frankfort School District 157c
... ridges (or mountains) and valleys like those found on land • This system of underwater mountains is called the mid-ocean ridges ...
... ridges (or mountains) and valleys like those found on land • This system of underwater mountains is called the mid-ocean ridges ...
To get a better understanding of this whole process, I would like you
... ancient oceanic plate can be found hundreds of miles below the surface of the mountains and remains of the oceanic floor can also be found at the top of the mountains that form as well. The mountains form when the two plates crumple against one another. Behind the mountains, the plate can be pushed ...
... ancient oceanic plate can be found hundreds of miles below the surface of the mountains and remains of the oceanic floor can also be found at the top of the mountains that form as well. The mountains form when the two plates crumple against one another. Behind the mountains, the plate can be pushed ...
1 - kleung
... Fill in the blank: In the space provided, write the word or phrase that corrects answers the question. 2 points each. 14. Movement of the earth’s crust away from an oceanic ridge is called ____________________________. 15. A thrust fault is a type of ____________________________ fault. 16. Along a ...
... Fill in the blank: In the space provided, write the word or phrase that corrects answers the question. 2 points each. 14. Movement of the earth’s crust away from an oceanic ridge is called ____________________________. 15. A thrust fault is a type of ____________________________ fault. 16. Along a ...
Lithosphere and Asthenosphere
... The mantle is Earth’s thickest layer, measuring nearly 2900 kilometers (1700 mi). It is made of hot rock that is less dense than the metallic core. The very top part of the mantle is cool and rigid. Just below that, the rock is hot and soft enough to move like a thick paste. The crust is a thin laye ...
... The mantle is Earth’s thickest layer, measuring nearly 2900 kilometers (1700 mi). It is made of hot rock that is less dense than the metallic core. The very top part of the mantle is cool and rigid. Just below that, the rock is hot and soft enough to move like a thick paste. The crust is a thin laye ...
The NE-Atlantic system
... often thicker than normal (at both passive margins and in the oceanic domain), the lithosphere is lighter. This isostatic effect depends on the finite amount of past mantle melting. Because melting was heterogeneous (rate and/or duration), the bathymetry of the NE-Atlantic and the Labrador-Baffin is ...
... often thicker than normal (at both passive margins and in the oceanic domain), the lithosphere is lighter. This isostatic effect depends on the finite amount of past mantle melting. Because melting was heterogeneous (rate and/or duration), the bathymetry of the NE-Atlantic and the Labrador-Baffin is ...
Earth Science Chapter 17: Plate Tectonics
... • Developments in sonar technology enabled scientists to measure water depth and map the topography of the ocean floor. ...
... • Developments in sonar technology enabled scientists to measure water depth and map the topography of the ocean floor. ...
Some reflections on the charts of the ocean floor: Do they hide more
... plate tectonics theory and its explanatory power. Thus the bottom morphology presented by the first chart documents particularly well the existence of a world system of mid-oceanic ridges segmented by transform faults. Along these ridges new crust is continuously formed by outpouring of basaltic lav ...
... plate tectonics theory and its explanatory power. Thus the bottom morphology presented by the first chart documents particularly well the existence of a world system of mid-oceanic ridges segmented by transform faults. Along these ridges new crust is continuously formed by outpouring of basaltic lav ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.