RULES OF THUMB (081312)
... o Continental crust breaks first, because at the same depth it's closer to its melting temperature. • Oceanic crust rarely breaks; when it does it breaks where it has been weakened by a hot spot or subduction realted volcanism. • Ridges tend to align parallel to trenches. • One ridge is all you need ...
... o Continental crust breaks first, because at the same depth it's closer to its melting temperature. • Oceanic crust rarely breaks; when it does it breaks where it has been weakened by a hot spot or subduction realted volcanism. • Ridges tend to align parallel to trenches. • One ridge is all you need ...
Core Unit 1: Patterns and Processes in the Physical Environment
... Plates move as passengers on the semi molten asthenosphere. As plates move they slide, diverge and collide. This movement gives rise to earthquakes, volcanic activity, sea floor spreading and the creation of ocean ridges. ...
... Plates move as passengers on the semi molten asthenosphere. As plates move they slide, diverge and collide. This movement gives rise to earthquakes, volcanic activity, sea floor spreading and the creation of ocean ridges. ...
Geol 101
... C. divergent plate boundaries D. all of the above E. none of the above 4. The three types of convergent plate boundaries are: A. normal, reverse, and strike-slip B. active, passive, and extinct C. divergent, convergent, and transform D. seismic, volcanic, and subducting E. ocean-ocean, ocean-contine ...
... C. divergent plate boundaries D. all of the above E. none of the above 4. The three types of convergent plate boundaries are: A. normal, reverse, and strike-slip B. active, passive, and extinct C. divergent, convergent, and transform D. seismic, volcanic, and subducting E. ocean-ocean, ocean-contine ...
Plate Tectonics - ESL Consulting Services
... This heat from the core is also what keeps the mantle moving in a slow viscous manner, much like melted plastic. ...
... This heat from the core is also what keeps the mantle moving in a slow viscous manner, much like melted plastic. ...
Ch9.1 - What Is the Ocean Floor Like (Part 1)
... beneath the ocean. s The continents are made of continental crust. s Continental crust is made mostly of granite. s It is about 20-30 miles thick. s Oceanic crust is thinner and denser than continental crust. s The crust below the ocean is about 3-6 miles thick and is made mostly of basalt. ...
... beneath the ocean. s The continents are made of continental crust. s Continental crust is made mostly of granite. s It is about 20-30 miles thick. s Oceanic crust is thinner and denser than continental crust. s The crust below the ocean is about 3-6 miles thick and is made mostly of basalt. ...
Worksheet 11.1 Oceans: Environment for Life
... 23. Plant live is restricted to the ______________ zone, which has a depth of about ____________ in clear ocean water. 24. Would you expect the photic zone to be deeper at the equator or the high latitudes near the poles if the ocean is equally clear at both locations? Explain your reasoning. 25. Be ...
... 23. Plant live is restricted to the ______________ zone, which has a depth of about ____________ in clear ocean water. 24. Would you expect the photic zone to be deeper at the equator or the high latitudes near the poles if the ocean is equally clear at both locations? Explain your reasoning. 25. Be ...
OUR LIVING, MOVING SEA
... echo ____________ which sends down pulses of sound to probe the seafloor. The boundary between the dense brine fluids and normal seawater above creates a flat lake surface that stands out amid rougher surrounding seafloor. The density contrast prevents the brine from mixing easily with the seawater. ...
... echo ____________ which sends down pulses of sound to probe the seafloor. The boundary between the dense brine fluids and normal seawater above creates a flat lake surface that stands out amid rougher surrounding seafloor. The density contrast prevents the brine from mixing easily with the seawater. ...
Profile: Harry Hess: One of the Discoverers of Seafloor Spreading
... more precisely, vast mountain ranges. In the Atlantic Ocean, the “ridge” is about midway between the continents on either side, and thus it became known as a mid-ocean ridge. We now know that the ocean ridge system snakes around the entire globe in a continuous chain some 80,000 kilometers long. In ...
... more precisely, vast mountain ranges. In the Atlantic Ocean, the “ridge” is about midway between the continents on either side, and thus it became known as a mid-ocean ridge. We now know that the ocean ridge system snakes around the entire globe in a continuous chain some 80,000 kilometers long. In ...
pdf - University of California, Berkeley
... obvious, it resurfaced much of northern Nevada, Idaho, and Wyoming over the last several million years in basalt through a series of massive volcanic eruptions. Then there were the tremendous supervolcanic explosions, which coated much of the western U.S. in thick blankets of ash and made the Yellow ...
... obvious, it resurfaced much of northern Nevada, Idaho, and Wyoming over the last several million years in basalt through a series of massive volcanic eruptions. Then there were the tremendous supervolcanic explosions, which coated much of the western U.S. in thick blankets of ash and made the Yellow ...
File
... energy in the form of seismic waves. The point where the earthquake occurs is called the focus. The point on the surface that is directly above the focus is the epicenter. Most earthquakes have a shallow focus because other focuses loose energy before it reaches the surface. ...
... energy in the form of seismic waves. The point where the earthquake occurs is called the focus. The point on the surface that is directly above the focus is the epicenter. Most earthquakes have a shallow focus because other focuses loose energy before it reaches the surface. ...
Ch 7 study guide answers
... 1. What kind of crust makes up tectonic plates? Continental Crust (less dense) and Oceanic Crust (more dense) 2. What did Wegener call the one large landmass when all the continents were together? Pangaea 3. Where does new oceanic lithosphere form (hint: it happens in the ocean)? Mid-Ocean Ridge 4. ...
... 1. What kind of crust makes up tectonic plates? Continental Crust (less dense) and Oceanic Crust (more dense) 2. What did Wegener call the one large landmass when all the continents were together? Pangaea 3. Where does new oceanic lithosphere form (hint: it happens in the ocean)? Mid-Ocean Ridge 4. ...
The coastal ocean
... SC.912.L.17.2 - Explain the general distribution of life in aquatic systems as a function of chemistry, geography, light, depth, salinity, and temperature. SC.912.L.17.3 - Discuss how various oceanic and freshwater processes, such as currents, tides, and waves, affect the abundance of aquatic organi ...
... SC.912.L.17.2 - Explain the general distribution of life in aquatic systems as a function of chemistry, geography, light, depth, salinity, and temperature. SC.912.L.17.3 - Discuss how various oceanic and freshwater processes, such as currents, tides, and waves, affect the abundance of aquatic organi ...
File
... abyssal zone begins. The abyssal zone extends to a depth of 6000 meters. This zone covers the large flat plains of the ocean. No sunlight can penetrate and food is scarce. The water pressure is great. Most of the animals here are small. Some make their own light. ...
... abyssal zone begins. The abyssal zone extends to a depth of 6000 meters. This zone covers the large flat plains of the ocean. No sunlight can penetrate and food is scarce. The water pressure is great. Most of the animals here are small. Some make their own light. ...
Chapter 11: The coastal ocean
... SC.912.L.17.2 - Explain the general distribution of life in aquatic systems as a function of chemistry, geography, light, depth, salinity, and temperature. SC.912.L.17.3 - Discuss how various oceanic and freshwater processes, such as currents, tides, and waves, affect the abundance of aquatic organi ...
... SC.912.L.17.2 - Explain the general distribution of life in aquatic systems as a function of chemistry, geography, light, depth, salinity, and temperature. SC.912.L.17.3 - Discuss how various oceanic and freshwater processes, such as currents, tides, and waves, affect the abundance of aquatic organi ...
Continental drift and plate tectonics
... In a process taking tens of millions of years, part of the ocean floor sinks back into the mantle through deep-ocean trenches. Deep-ocean trenches are deep underwater canyons formed where the oceanic crust bends downward. ...
... In a process taking tens of millions of years, part of the ocean floor sinks back into the mantle through deep-ocean trenches. Deep-ocean trenches are deep underwater canyons formed where the oceanic crust bends downward. ...
Review sheet – Chapter 1 (Introduction)
... Know that the ocean covers 71% of the Earth’s surface and accounts for ~97% of the water found on Earth (only 3% of water on Earth is freshwater) Know that the average depth of the ocean is ~3,800 meters (12,500 feet) Know that the average temperature of the water is 3.9 ̊C (39 ̊F) Know that the dee ...
... Know that the ocean covers 71% of the Earth’s surface and accounts for ~97% of the water found on Earth (only 3% of water on Earth is freshwater) Know that the average depth of the ocean is ~3,800 meters (12,500 feet) Know that the average temperature of the water is 3.9 ̊C (39 ̊F) Know that the dee ...
The Ocean floor Foldable Notes
... • Can occur in chains or ridges and often have an active volcanic island at one end. • Hawaiian Islands are the best example. ...
... • Can occur in chains or ridges and often have an active volcanic island at one end. • Hawaiian Islands are the best example. ...
Plate Tectonics - maxwellsciencenfhs
... • Plates are assumed to be rigid – most motion occurs along boundaries, not between different parts of one plate. ...
... • Plates are assumed to be rigid – most motion occurs along boundaries, not between different parts of one plate. ...
Science 8 CLASS COPY - DO NOT WRITE ON Ocean Floor Features
... plains show that sediments from turbidity currents formed them. After carving canyons in the continental slope, the turbidity currents spread out when they reached the sea floor. Sediments carried by the currents filled every seabed crevice with sand, mud and silt from rivers along coasts. Howev ...
... plains show that sediments from turbidity currents formed them. After carving canyons in the continental slope, the turbidity currents spread out when they reached the sea floor. Sediments carried by the currents filled every seabed crevice with sand, mud and silt from rivers along coasts. Howev ...
Review Sheet for Test
... 7.) Be able to define the theory of plate tectonics, and the three possible causes of plate tectonic motion. The theory of plate tectonics is the theory that Earth’s lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the asthenosphere. Three possible causes of plate motion ( 110- ...
... 7.) Be able to define the theory of plate tectonics, and the three possible causes of plate tectonic motion. The theory of plate tectonics is the theory that Earth’s lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move around on top of the asthenosphere. Three possible causes of plate motion ( 110- ...
The Major Discoveries of Scientific Ocean Drilling
... 1. Confirmed that the age of ocean crust becomes progressively older away from spreading ridges. 2. Matched magnetic reversal stratigraphy with age of ocean sediments and crust away from spreading ridges. 3. Elucidated various plate motions and evolution of continental drift over the past 120 mil ...
... 1. Confirmed that the age of ocean crust becomes progressively older away from spreading ridges. 2. Matched magnetic reversal stratigraphy with age of ocean sediments and crust away from spreading ridges. 3. Elucidated various plate motions and evolution of continental drift over the past 120 mil ...
Abyssal plain
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.