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... disordered. Amyloids are highly ordered β-sheet rich protein assemblies that have been found in a variety of functional or pathogenic contexts. Mammalian prions are characterized by their ability to be infectious and self-replicating [35]. In humans they are associated with neurodegenerative disease ...
... disordered. Amyloids are highly ordered β-sheet rich protein assemblies that have been found in a variety of functional or pathogenic contexts. Mammalian prions are characterized by their ability to be infectious and self-replicating [35]. In humans they are associated with neurodegenerative disease ...
EVIDENCE FOR TWO DISTINCT CLASSES OF STREPTOCOCCAL
... conserved domain on their surface give a positive serum opacity reaction, whereas nearly all isolates possessing the conserved domain fail to produce OF. Based on these fundamental differences, we propose that most group A streptococcal serotypes fall into one of two major classes of M protein, whic ...
... conserved domain on their surface give a positive serum opacity reaction, whereas nearly all isolates possessing the conserved domain fail to produce OF. Based on these fundamental differences, we propose that most group A streptococcal serotypes fall into one of two major classes of M protein, whic ...
Optimal Dietary Protein Levels in Juvenile Electric Blue Cichlid
... In addition to the difference in species, the high protein requirement of the electric blue may be due to its small size, as protein requirements of fish decrease with increasing size and age (NRC, 1993). The optimum dietary protein level for fish is influenced by the dietary protein:energy ratio, t ...
... In addition to the difference in species, the high protein requirement of the electric blue may be due to its small size, as protein requirements of fish decrease with increasing size and age (NRC, 1993). The optimum dietary protein level for fish is influenced by the dietary protein:energy ratio, t ...
The Effect of Osmotic Shock on Release of Bacterial Proteins and on
... if cells which had been grown in a rich, semidefmed m e d i u m are transferred to a synthetic m e d i u m after the shock treatment (2). Shocked cells also have difficulty in adapting to a new carbon source, such as D-galactose and the lag is prolonged. During the lag period they are sensitive to c ...
... if cells which had been grown in a rich, semidefmed m e d i u m are transferred to a synthetic m e d i u m after the shock treatment (2). Shocked cells also have difficulty in adapting to a new carbon source, such as D-galactose and the lag is prolonged. During the lag period they are sensitive to c ...
A secondary structure motif predictive of protein localization to the
... proteins shared moderate similarity with the C-Inc hydrophobicity motif, but this was commonly found in proteins with a largely hydrophobic overall structure (examples include RV010c, Rv0093c, RV0996 and Rv1233c). None of these sequences shares a clear structural relationship with the C-Inc hydropho ...
... proteins shared moderate similarity with the C-Inc hydrophobicity motif, but this was commonly found in proteins with a largely hydrophobic overall structure (examples include RV010c, Rv0093c, RV0996 and Rv1233c). None of these sequences shares a clear structural relationship with the C-Inc hydropho ...
Protein sorting at the ER–Golgi interface
... revealing the basis for cargo specificity in COPII vesicle formation (Miller et al., 2003; Mossessova et al., 2003; Mancias and Goldberg, 2007, 2008; Pagant et al., 2015). Yeast Sec24 has at least four distinct cargo-binding sites that each recognize discrete sorting signals, thereby diversifying t ...
... revealing the basis for cargo specificity in COPII vesicle formation (Miller et al., 2003; Mossessova et al., 2003; Mancias and Goldberg, 2007, 2008; Pagant et al., 2015). Yeast Sec24 has at least four distinct cargo-binding sites that each recognize discrete sorting signals, thereby diversifying t ...
as a PDF
... use the C1 splice but have either N0 or N1, respectively. These two constructs, designated as [HA]-N0 and [HA]-N1 for their different NH2-terminal splices, correspond to [HA]-D-AKAP1a and [HA]-D-AKAP1b, respectively. To make COOH-terminal HA fusion proteins of D-AKAP1, the cDNA encoding the first 14 ...
... use the C1 splice but have either N0 or N1, respectively. These two constructs, designated as [HA]-N0 and [HA]-N1 for their different NH2-terminal splices, correspond to [HA]-D-AKAP1a and [HA]-D-AKAP1b, respectively. To make COOH-terminal HA fusion proteins of D-AKAP1, the cDNA encoding the first 14 ...
ATP as a Signaling Molecule: the Exocrine Focus
... cyclase. Other P2Y receptors can also couple to several distinct G proteins, e.g., P2Y1 and P2Y2 via Gq stimulate PLC, but via Gi they inhibit adenylate cyclase. P2Y2 can also stimulate phospholipase D (PLD) and breakdown of phosphatidylcholine. A multitude of receptors and signaling pathways offers ...
... cyclase. Other P2Y receptors can also couple to several distinct G proteins, e.g., P2Y1 and P2Y2 via Gq stimulate PLC, but via Gi they inhibit adenylate cyclase. P2Y2 can also stimulate phospholipase D (PLD) and breakdown of phosphatidylcholine. A multitude of receptors and signaling pathways offers ...
Uncoupling insulin signalling by serine/threonine phosphorylation: a
... Ser phosphorylation of IRS proteins and insulin resistance Insulin resistance is a common pathological state in which target cells fail to respond to ordinary levels of circulating insulin [25]. Individuals with insulin resistance are predisposed to developing Type II diabetes, a 21st century epidem ...
... Ser phosphorylation of IRS proteins and insulin resistance Insulin resistance is a common pathological state in which target cells fail to respond to ordinary levels of circulating insulin [25]. Individuals with insulin resistance are predisposed to developing Type II diabetes, a 21st century epidem ...
Introduction to 3D-Structure Visualization and Homology Modeling
... An InterPro family is a group of evolutionarily related proteins that share similar domain (or repeat) architecture. 2. Domain: An InterPro domain is an independent structural unit, which can be found alone or in conjunction with other domains or repeats. Domains are evolutionarily related. 3. Repea ...
... An InterPro family is a group of evolutionarily related proteins that share similar domain (or repeat) architecture. 2. Domain: An InterPro domain is an independent structural unit, which can be found alone or in conjunction with other domains or repeats. Domains are evolutionarily related. 3. Repea ...
Structural bases of GM1 gangliosidosis and Morquio B
... lational processing and degradation of the expressed proteins, and their residual enzyme activities were shown in these forms.20,21 However, the structural bases of these diseases have not yet been clarified. In this study, we first constructed a structural model of human b-Gal using the crystallogr ...
... lational processing and degradation of the expressed proteins, and their residual enzyme activities were shown in these forms.20,21 However, the structural bases of these diseases have not yet been clarified. In this study, we first constructed a structural model of human b-Gal using the crystallogr ...
sv-lncs - School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences
... A series of studies attempting to reveal the modules in cellular networks, ranging from metabolic,[5] to protein networks,[6, 7] strongly support the proposal that modular architecture is one of the principles underlying biological organisation. The modular nature of the cellular networks, including ...
... A series of studies attempting to reveal the modules in cellular networks, ranging from metabolic,[5] to protein networks,[6, 7] strongly support the proposal that modular architecture is one of the principles underlying biological organisation. The modular nature of the cellular networks, including ...
Supplementary materials
... protein lengths. The closest sequence match was extracted for each protein. The results of the three methods were combined and manually adjusted taking into account genome neighborhood information. 3. Identification of gene duplications: Alignments of the Shewanella proteins were generated using Dar ...
... protein lengths. The closest sequence match was extracted for each protein. The results of the three methods were combined and manually adjusted taking into account genome neighborhood information. 3. Identification of gene duplications: Alignments of the Shewanella proteins were generated using Dar ...
Slide 1
... – Balance of amino acids in a diet is as important as the amounts of individual amino acids • Amino acids can only be used to the extent of the least abundant amino acid relative to the animal’s requirement – Remainder of amino acids will be deaminated and N will be excreted as: » Urea in mammals » ...
... – Balance of amino acids in a diet is as important as the amounts of individual amino acids • Amino acids can only be used to the extent of the least abundant amino acid relative to the animal’s requirement – Remainder of amino acids will be deaminated and N will be excreted as: » Urea in mammals » ...
FTIR Analysis of Protein Structure
... Kauppinen, J.K.; Moffatt, D.J.; Mantsch, H.H. and Cameron, D.G. (1981) Appl. Spectr. 35, 271-276. ...
... Kauppinen, J.K.; Moffatt, D.J.; Mantsch, H.H. and Cameron, D.G. (1981) Appl. Spectr. 35, 271-276. ...
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
... with no effectors bound (Figure 5). Each trimer contained three T-Loops which differed in conformation. Six out the 12 T-loops in the four trimers were disordered, the remaining six were well-defined and in the extended conformation. The overall structures of the T-loops varied greatly indicating a ...
... with no effectors bound (Figure 5). Each trimer contained three T-Loops which differed in conformation. Six out the 12 T-loops in the four trimers were disordered, the remaining six were well-defined and in the extended conformation. The overall structures of the T-loops varied greatly indicating a ...
Increased Functional Half-life of Fibroblast Growth Factor
... formation) while simultaneously increasing the thermodynamic stability of the protein. This is especially true considering that protein unfolding, which is dependent on protein stability, is often a necessary first step for the irreversible denaturation pathway resulting from exposure of the reactiv ...
... formation) while simultaneously increasing the thermodynamic stability of the protein. This is especially true considering that protein unfolding, which is dependent on protein stability, is often a necessary first step for the irreversible denaturation pathway resulting from exposure of the reactiv ...
Application of a bacterial two-hybrid system for the
... peak sizes of the recombinant proteins could be determined. For the monomers of FmhB, FemA and FemB, the measured molecular masses correlated well with the theoretical values derived from the amino acid sequences, and it was determined that FemA and FemB formed dimers (Fig. 3a, b; Table 3). GST-pull ...
... peak sizes of the recombinant proteins could be determined. For the monomers of FmhB, FemA and FemB, the measured molecular masses correlated well with the theoretical values derived from the amino acid sequences, and it was determined that FemA and FemB formed dimers (Fig. 3a, b; Table 3). GST-pull ...
SNAREs: Cogs and Coordinators in Signaling
... pathways lead to this same vacuole (Hunter et al., 2007; Olbrich et al., 2007). Transport occurs via a prevacuolar compartment (PVC)/multivesicular body, a site from which trafficking components can be recycled to the TGN (Mo et al., 2006). The SYP2 family of SNAREs probably functions in anterograde ...
... pathways lead to this same vacuole (Hunter et al., 2007; Olbrich et al., 2007). Transport occurs via a prevacuolar compartment (PVC)/multivesicular body, a site from which trafficking components can be recycled to the TGN (Mo et al., 2006). The SYP2 family of SNAREs probably functions in anterograde ...
Identification of Surface Residues Involved in Protein
... rectly identified. With this level of success, predictions generated using this approach should be valuable for guiding experimental investigations into the roles of specific residues of a protein in its interaction with other proteins. Detailed examination of the predicted interface residues in th ...
... rectly identified. With this level of success, predictions generated using this approach should be valuable for guiding experimental investigations into the roles of specific residues of a protein in its interaction with other proteins. Detailed examination of the predicted interface residues in th ...
Ashley, CT, Wilkinson, KD, Reines, D and Warren, ST: FMR1 protein: Conserved RNP family domains and selective RNA binding. Science 262:563-566 (1993).
... Claude T. Ashley Jr., Keith D. Wilkinson, Daniel Reines, Stephen T. Warren* Fragile X syndrome is the result of transcriptional suppression of the gene FMR1 as a result of a trinucleotide repeat expansion mutation. The normal function of the FMR1 protein (FMRP) and the mechanism by which its absence ...
... Claude T. Ashley Jr., Keith D. Wilkinson, Daniel Reines, Stephen T. Warren* Fragile X syndrome is the result of transcriptional suppression of the gene FMR1 as a result of a trinucleotide repeat expansion mutation. The normal function of the FMR1 protein (FMRP) and the mechanism by which its absence ...
The following equations and constants may be useful:
... a) at the beginning of the titration. b) when two equivalents of base have been added. c) when the pH equals the pKa. d) when one-half equivalent of base has been added. 3. Which of the following is most correct: a) Charged amino acids are never buried in the interior of a protein. b) All hydrophobi ...
... a) at the beginning of the titration. b) when two equivalents of base have been added. c) when the pH equals the pKa. d) when one-half equivalent of base has been added. 3. Which of the following is most correct: a) Charged amino acids are never buried in the interior of a protein. b) All hydrophobi ...
Classification and domain analysis of protein
... major types, groups and families, based on their functions, their sequence and structural similarity, and their evolutionary history. In order to adapt this classification CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 110, NO. 5, 10 MARCH 2016 ...
... major types, groups and families, based on their functions, their sequence and structural similarity, and their evolutionary history. In order to adapt this classification CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 110, NO. 5, 10 MARCH 2016 ...
Modeling the Frog Cell Cycle
... Synthesis and degradation of cyclin is all that is needed to drive cell cycle oscillations in frog egg extracts A threshold amount of cyclin is required to drive an extract into mitosis ...
... Synthesis and degradation of cyclin is all that is needed to drive cell cycle oscillations in frog egg extracts A threshold amount of cyclin is required to drive an extract into mitosis ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).