State of the Art Manufacturing of Protein Hydrolysates
... requirements of bacteria grown in the laboratory were met by adding naturally occurring substances like blood, body fluids, etc., to the media. The first report on the use of egg albumin was published in 1882 by Naegeli, which he referred to as “peptone,” a term still used today for some products. H ...
... requirements of bacteria grown in the laboratory were met by adding naturally occurring substances like blood, body fluids, etc., to the media. The first report on the use of egg albumin was published in 1882 by Naegeli, which he referred to as “peptone,” a term still used today for some products. H ...
chemical modification of carboxylic groups
... The 29 000-Mr Actinomadura R39 /,-lactamase exhibited a remarkably low electrophoretic mobility on SDS/PAGE. The Mr value deduced from these experiments was almost twice the value computed from its complete amino acid sequence. This anomalous behaviour on SDS/PAGE appeared to be due to the large neg ...
... The 29 000-Mr Actinomadura R39 /,-lactamase exhibited a remarkably low electrophoretic mobility on SDS/PAGE. The Mr value deduced from these experiments was almost twice the value computed from its complete amino acid sequence. This anomalous behaviour on SDS/PAGE appeared to be due to the large neg ...
Autotaxin–Lysophosphatidic Acid Axis Acts Downstream of
... and hyperlipidemic apoCII MO–injected embryos (Figure 1A; Figure IA and IB in the online-only Data Supplement). After sorting, RNA was extracted and hybridized to an Agilent 4×44 microarray. The data were analyzed to compare between the outcomes of (1) high and normal lipoprotein levels (apoCII vers ...
... and hyperlipidemic apoCII MO–injected embryos (Figure 1A; Figure IA and IB in the online-only Data Supplement). After sorting, RNA was extracted and hybridized to an Agilent 4×44 microarray. The data were analyzed to compare between the outcomes of (1) high and normal lipoprotein levels (apoCII vers ...
... encoding the entire TME 2A protein, the N-terminal proline of TME protein 2B and GUS, showed the level of cleavage to be " 99 %, again ostensibly complete cleavage. The translation profiles derived from pCAT∆TME2AGUS (M) and (T), encoding CAT, the C-terminal 18 aa of the TME 2A protein (either strai ...
Hitching a ride on vesicles: Cauliflower mosaic virus movement
... biolistically-bombarded turnip (Brassica rapa) plants (Fig. 1E). In turnip leaf tissue ...
... biolistically-bombarded turnip (Brassica rapa) plants (Fig. 1E). In turnip leaf tissue ...
CHAPTER 6
... interactions and immunological reactions are at the outside surface of cells. • Transverse asymmetry of proteins – Mark Bretscher showed that N-terminus of glycophorin is extracellular whereas C-terminus is intracellular. (Fig 9.14) • Transverse asymmetry of lipids – In most cell membranes, the comp ...
... interactions and immunological reactions are at the outside surface of cells. • Transverse asymmetry of proteins – Mark Bretscher showed that N-terminus of glycophorin is extracellular whereas C-terminus is intracellular. (Fig 9.14) • Transverse asymmetry of lipids – In most cell membranes, the comp ...
Pex5p stabilizes Pex14p: a study using a newly isolated pex5 CHO
... Pex5p and affecting Pex14p stability. We also address a novel role for Pex5p in Pex14p stability via the fifth pentapeptide motif. ...
... Pex5p and affecting Pex14p stability. We also address a novel role for Pex5p in Pex14p stability via the fifth pentapeptide motif. ...
Engineering of factors determining alpha-amylase and
... All A-amylases studied have a small residue at this position (Gly, Leu, Ser, Thr or Val), in contrast to CGTases which have a more bulky aromatic residue (Tyr or Phe) at this position, which is highly conserved. Characterization of the F196G mutant CGTase of T. thermosulfurigenes EM1 revealed that, ...
... All A-amylases studied have a small residue at this position (Gly, Leu, Ser, Thr or Val), in contrast to CGTases which have a more bulky aromatic residue (Tyr or Phe) at this position, which is highly conserved. Characterization of the F196G mutant CGTase of T. thermosulfurigenes EM1 revealed that, ...
biological membranes - Biochemical Society
... Accordingly, the amount and types of protein vary considerably from membrane to membrane. The more active a membrane is in metabolism, the more protein it contains. There are several different ways in which proteins are associated with lipid bilayers to form functional membranes (Figure 8). ...
... Accordingly, the amount and types of protein vary considerably from membrane to membrane. The more active a membrane is in metabolism, the more protein it contains. There are several different ways in which proteins are associated with lipid bilayers to form functional membranes (Figure 8). ...
Integrin cytoplasmic domain-binding proteins
... cytoplasmic domain that in most cases consists of 20-70 amino acid residues (Hynes, 1992; Sastry and Horwitz, 1993). Integrins play central roles in cell adhesion, cell migration and control of cell differentiation, proliferation and programmed cell death. They mediate signal transduction through th ...
... cytoplasmic domain that in most cases consists of 20-70 amino acid residues (Hynes, 1992; Sastry and Horwitz, 1993). Integrins play central roles in cell adhesion, cell migration and control of cell differentiation, proliferation and programmed cell death. They mediate signal transduction through th ...
HIC-5 Is a Novel Repressor of Lymphoid Enhancer Factor/T
... not been reported so far. Two small repressive peptide motifs adjacent to this exon are alternatively expressed in TCF-4 (10, 13). With the exception of this conserved exon, the sequence between the -cateninbinding domain and the HMG box is less conserved and only poorly characterized. In addition ...
... not been reported so far. Two small repressive peptide motifs adjacent to this exon are alternatively expressed in TCF-4 (10, 13). With the exception of this conserved exon, the sequence between the -cateninbinding domain and the HMG box is less conserved and only poorly characterized. In addition ...
PDF
... 31-residue tail containing the sequence : -Phe-Val-Ile-Met-Val-Ile-Ala-Val-Ser-Cys-Lys-. Expression of this hybrid gene was lethal but by changing the reading frame for the tail to encode another, 30-residue sequence the deleterious effect was abolished. It is possible that the sequence incriminated ...
... 31-residue tail containing the sequence : -Phe-Val-Ile-Met-Val-Ile-Ala-Val-Ser-Cys-Lys-. Expression of this hybrid gene was lethal but by changing the reading frame for the tail to encode another, 30-residue sequence the deleterious effect was abolished. It is possible that the sequence incriminated ...
Building proteins from C, coordinates using the dihedral probability
... The average all-atom deviationwas 1.696 A. “All-atom” RMSDs refer to deviations in all the atoms representedexplicitly in the united atom approach. It is apparent that there is only a small correlation between the backboneenergy and the RMSfit to the crystal structure backbone. The backboneof the cr ...
... The average all-atom deviationwas 1.696 A. “All-atom” RMSDs refer to deviations in all the atoms representedexplicitly in the united atom approach. It is apparent that there is only a small correlation between the backboneenergy and the RMSfit to the crystal structure backbone. The backboneof the cr ...
Enzymatic Protein Deglycosylation Kit (EDEGLY)
... heterogeneity in the mass and charge of glycoproteins. N-linked oligosaccharides may contribute 3.5 kDa or more per structure to the mass of a glycoprotein (see Figure 1). Variations in the structures and different degrees of saturation of available glycosylation sites in a glycoprotein all contribu ...
... heterogeneity in the mass and charge of glycoproteins. N-linked oligosaccharides may contribute 3.5 kDa or more per structure to the mass of a glycoprotein (see Figure 1). Variations in the structures and different degrees of saturation of available glycosylation sites in a glycoprotein all contribu ...
Antioxidative Activities of Hydrolysates from Duck Egg White Using
... tenderizing meat and other proteins by cleaving peptide bonds of basic amino acids. It can degrade large molecules of proteins into small fragments. Lee and Chen (2002) hydrolyzed chicken egg white using papain and obtained several functional properties such as solubility, foaming capacity and cake ...
... tenderizing meat and other proteins by cleaving peptide bonds of basic amino acids. It can degrade large molecules of proteins into small fragments. Lee and Chen (2002) hydrolyzed chicken egg white using papain and obtained several functional properties such as solubility, foaming capacity and cake ...
The proPO and clotting system in crustaceans
... ´ et al., 1999., P. paulensis ŽPerazzolo and Barracco, 1997., P. stylirostris ŽLe Moullac et al., 1997. and P. monodon ŽSritunyalucksana et al., 1999b.. In the penaeid shrimp, enzymes of the proPO system are localized in the semigranular and granular cells ŽVargas-Albores et al., 1993a; Perazzolo an ...
... ´ et al., 1999., P. paulensis ŽPerazzolo and Barracco, 1997., P. stylirostris ŽLe Moullac et al., 1997. and P. monodon ŽSritunyalucksana et al., 1999b.. In the penaeid shrimp, enzymes of the proPO system are localized in the semigranular and granular cells ŽVargas-Albores et al., 1993a; Perazzolo an ...
npgrj_nchembio_91 405..407 - The Scripps Research Institute
... observed for the CA and UK probes, which selectively labeled cysteine residues in the proteomes (Fig. 1b). In contrast, the SE probe demonstrated unique labeling events on several amino acids, including aspartate, glutamate, cysteine, tyrosine and histidine residues (Fig. 1b). We next investigated w ...
... observed for the CA and UK probes, which selectively labeled cysteine residues in the proteomes (Fig. 1b). In contrast, the SE probe demonstrated unique labeling events on several amino acids, including aspartate, glutamate, cysteine, tyrosine and histidine residues (Fig. 1b). We next investigated w ...
Chapter 2 - University of the Free State
... More disordered water molecules •∆G = ∆H - T∆S •∆S is the change in entropy (order) •Change from order to disorder gives a positive ∆S, and ∴ a -∆G •Processes where ∆G < 0 (i.e., negative) occur spontaneously •At higher temperature, the disorder in the free water molecules increase ∴transfer of a wa ...
... More disordered water molecules •∆G = ∆H - T∆S •∆S is the change in entropy (order) •Change from order to disorder gives a positive ∆S, and ∴ a -∆G •Processes where ∆G < 0 (i.e., negative) occur spontaneously •At higher temperature, the disorder in the free water molecules increase ∴transfer of a wa ...
Bioinformatic Software in Web
... Modifications of proteins can be determined only by proteomic methodologies. It is necessary to determine the protein expression level. The localization of gene products can be determined experimentally. Protein-protein interactions. Proteins are direct drug targets. ...
... Modifications of proteins can be determined only by proteomic methodologies. It is necessary to determine the protein expression level. The localization of gene products can be determined experimentally. Protein-protein interactions. Proteins are direct drug targets. ...
Architecture of the trypanosome RNA editing accessory complex
... Both MRB8180/MRB4150 and MRB8170/MRB4160 are the result of a chromosomal duplication in T. brucei (but not L. major), and therefore these two proteins have the same single L. major homolog. g Some of the predicted sizes for the T. brucei proteins are different from those listed on TriTrypDB because ...
... Both MRB8180/MRB4150 and MRB8170/MRB4160 are the result of a chromosomal duplication in T. brucei (but not L. major), and therefore these two proteins have the same single L. major homolog. g Some of the predicted sizes for the T. brucei proteins are different from those listed on TriTrypDB because ...
Role of lipids in the translocation of proteins across membranes
... and surface charge screening, but does not promote formation of non-bilayer structures, does not restore growth of this mutant. This demonstrates that the non-bilayer-forming property of the membrane is essential for E. coli [46,47]. Protein translocation functions normally in PE-depleted cells. Cle ...
... and surface charge screening, but does not promote formation of non-bilayer structures, does not restore growth of this mutant. This demonstrates that the non-bilayer-forming property of the membrane is essential for E. coli [46,47]. Protein translocation functions normally in PE-depleted cells. Cle ...
Engagement of the inhibitory receptor CD158a
... FITC-CT-B labeled CTL were stimulated with HP or DM tumor targets and stained with anti-Ptyr mAbs (Ptyr-Cy5, red) after heteroconjugates fixation. Major differences between CTL/RCC-HP and CTL/RCC-DM conjugates were observed at this level of resolution. Fig. 3A shows a typical image of interface betw ...
... FITC-CT-B labeled CTL were stimulated with HP or DM tumor targets and stained with anti-Ptyr mAbs (Ptyr-Cy5, red) after heteroconjugates fixation. Major differences between CTL/RCC-HP and CTL/RCC-DM conjugates were observed at this level of resolution. Fig. 3A shows a typical image of interface betw ...
Membrane Topology of Cytochrome P450 2B4 in
... biphasic kinetics including a rapid initial phase and a much slower secondary phase. Cytochrome b5, a membrane-bound component of the endoplasmic reticulum that is known to exist as a soluble heme domain with a single transmembrane α-helical anchor, exhibits identical biphasic kinetics when injected ...
... biphasic kinetics including a rapid initial phase and a much slower secondary phase. Cytochrome b5, a membrane-bound component of the endoplasmic reticulum that is known to exist as a soluble heme domain with a single transmembrane α-helical anchor, exhibits identical biphasic kinetics when injected ...
IV.1 Structural and Functional Role of
... the amino acid side chain in the packing of the helices and in signal transduction. The correctly folded fractions of the mutant rhodopsins were separated and characterized. The folded fractions of the three mutants gave UV-visible absorption spectra with A280/A500 ratios of 1.6–1.7. The SDS-PAGE pa ...
... the amino acid side chain in the packing of the helices and in signal transduction. The correctly folded fractions of the mutant rhodopsins were separated and characterized. The folded fractions of the three mutants gave UV-visible absorption spectra with A280/A500 ratios of 1.6–1.7. The SDS-PAGE pa ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).