Accepted version - QMRO Home - Queen Mary University of London
... Recent pre-clinical and clinical research has suggested that transplantation of bone marrowderived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a promising new approach for the treatment of heart failure.[1] Although cardiomyogenic differentiation of these cells in vivo is limited, MSCs are able to induce th ...
... Recent pre-clinical and clinical research has suggested that transplantation of bone marrowderived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a promising new approach for the treatment of heart failure.[1] Although cardiomyogenic differentiation of these cells in vivo is limited, MSCs are able to induce th ...
Membrane of Striated Muscle
... l.-KCl and 120 m-mole/l.-NaCl will have a chloride efflux of 330 pmole/cm.2/see. In equilibrium with a similar solution with 100 mmole/l.-KCl, the efflux would be 540 pmole/ Cm.2/sec. The effluxes under both conditions have been measured'8' 19 and are found to be respectively 50 and 200 pmole/Cm.2/s ...
... l.-KCl and 120 m-mole/l.-NaCl will have a chloride efflux of 330 pmole/cm.2/see. In equilibrium with a similar solution with 100 mmole/l.-KCl, the efflux would be 540 pmole/ Cm.2/sec. The effluxes under both conditions have been measured'8' 19 and are found to be respectively 50 and 200 pmole/Cm.2/s ...
Magnetite in human tissues - Geological and Planetary Sciences
... Due to the apparent lack of a biophysical mechanism, the question of whether weak, lowfrequency magnetic fields are able to influence living organisms has long been one of the most controversial subjects in any field of science. However, two developments during thc past decade have changed this perc ...
... Due to the apparent lack of a biophysical mechanism, the question of whether weak, lowfrequency magnetic fields are able to influence living organisms has long been one of the most controversial subjects in any field of science. However, two developments during thc past decade have changed this perc ...
Force development by the contractile vacuole
... digestive vacuoles and mitochondria were also enclosed in the droplet. This isolated in vitro CV showed rounding-slackening cycles at regular intervals for more than 30 minutes when the preparation was kept at room temperature (24-27°C). Estimation of tension at the surface of an in vitro CV from th ...
... digestive vacuoles and mitochondria were also enclosed in the droplet. This isolated in vitro CV showed rounding-slackening cycles at regular intervals for more than 30 minutes when the preparation was kept at room temperature (24-27°C). Estimation of tension at the surface of an in vitro CV from th ...
ref. #27 of the TIBS article
... the introduction of a helix-breaking proline (mutants Gln ÿ 1 ! Pro, Val1 ! Pro). The Leu2 ! Pro substitution leads to termination of the TMH at the proline, thus pushing one residue out of the membrane to become part of the ¯exible segment. When the proline is inserted deep into the transmembrane s ...
... the introduction of a helix-breaking proline (mutants Gln ÿ 1 ! Pro, Val1 ! Pro). The Leu2 ! Pro substitution leads to termination of the TMH at the proline, thus pushing one residue out of the membrane to become part of the ¯exible segment. When the proline is inserted deep into the transmembrane s ...
Vacuolar calcium channels - Journal of Experimental Botany
... any SV channel activity, and TPC1-overexpressing lines have increased SV channel activity, demonstrating that the TPC1 gene of Arabidopsis encodes the SV channel (Peiter et al., 2005). TPC stands for two-pore channel, a family of voltage-gated cation channels consisting of two homologous domains wit ...
... any SV channel activity, and TPC1-overexpressing lines have increased SV channel activity, demonstrating that the TPC1 gene of Arabidopsis encodes the SV channel (Peiter et al., 2005). TPC stands for two-pore channel, a family of voltage-gated cation channels consisting of two homologous domains wit ...
Chapter 05 Membranes
... to diffuse rapidly in the plane of the membrane. However, in the last decade evidence has accumulated suggesting the plasma membrane is not homogeneous and contains microdomains with distinct lipid and protein composition. This was first observed in epithelial cells in which the lipid composition of ...
... to diffuse rapidly in the plane of the membrane. However, in the last decade evidence has accumulated suggesting the plasma membrane is not homogeneous and contains microdomains with distinct lipid and protein composition. This was first observed in epithelial cells in which the lipid composition of ...
cellular and subcellular mechanisms of cardiac pacemaker oscillations
... loop in which membrane potential changes evoke delayed conductance changes and vice versa. Since the surface membrane potential is a key variable within the control loop, the oscillation can be interrupted at any time by holding the membrane potential constant with a voltage clamp. This mode of osci ...
... loop in which membrane potential changes evoke delayed conductance changes and vice versa. Since the surface membrane potential is a key variable within the control loop, the oscillation can be interrupted at any time by holding the membrane potential constant with a voltage clamp. This mode of osci ...
Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Delivery System for
... Europe. However, the lack of information on OMV biogenesis hinders modification for large-scale OMV production, and the excessive toxicity of pathogen-derived OMVs prevents their clinical application. This review introduces recent achievements in OMV bioengineering. Targeting heterologous proteins o ...
... Europe. However, the lack of information on OMV biogenesis hinders modification for large-scale OMV production, and the excessive toxicity of pathogen-derived OMVs prevents their clinical application. This review introduces recent achievements in OMV bioengineering. Targeting heterologous proteins o ...
Cellular mechanisms of potassium transport in plants
... of this high permeability is that K1 ions can be lost from roots as a result of physical disturbance, possibly because of the engagement of mechanically or stretch-activated channels (Britto et al. 2006, Shabala et al. 2000). Clearly, this ion loss from the plant system can pose a problem for the fl ...
... of this high permeability is that K1 ions can be lost from roots as a result of physical disturbance, possibly because of the engagement of mechanically or stretch-activated channels (Britto et al. 2006, Shabala et al. 2000). Clearly, this ion loss from the plant system can pose a problem for the fl ...
Chapter 7
... separates the living cell from its surroundings • The plasma membrane exhibits selective permeability, allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others ...
... separates the living cell from its surroundings • The plasma membrane exhibits selective permeability, allowing some substances to cross it more easily than others ...
The safe and just space - University of Copenhagen
... absence of extracellular calcium. The ionophore renders membranes permeable to calcium, thereby releasing intracellular stores of calcium in the absence of a physiological stimulus. Treatment with the calcium ionophore mimicked the effect of IP3, thus implicating calcium as an intermediary in the IP ...
... absence of extracellular calcium. The ionophore renders membranes permeable to calcium, thereby releasing intracellular stores of calcium in the absence of a physiological stimulus. Treatment with the calcium ionophore mimicked the effect of IP3, thus implicating calcium as an intermediary in the IP ...
6 Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes
... a low solubility in the lipid bilayer. Most of these substances are retained within cells and organelles because they cannot diffuse across the lipid barrier of membranes. Diffusion of Ions through Protein Channels Ions such as Na⫹, K⫹, Cl⫺, and Ca2⫹ diffuse across plasma membranes at rates that are ...
... a low solubility in the lipid bilayer. Most of these substances are retained within cells and organelles because they cannot diffuse across the lipid barrier of membranes. Diffusion of Ions through Protein Channels Ions such as Na⫹, K⫹, Cl⫺, and Ca2⫹ diffuse across plasma membranes at rates that are ...
Ion-channel blocker sensitivity of voltage-gated
... pharmacologically similar to L-type VGCCs. However, this suggestion is not clear-cut because another L-type blocker, diltiazem, enhanced Ca2+ accumulation unexpectedly (Fig. 4a). A possible explanation for this unexpected observation is that diltiazem may specifically bind to Cch1 to activate Ca2+ e ...
... pharmacologically similar to L-type VGCCs. However, this suggestion is not clear-cut because another L-type blocker, diltiazem, enhanced Ca2+ accumulation unexpectedly (Fig. 4a). A possible explanation for this unexpected observation is that diltiazem may specifically bind to Cch1 to activate Ca2+ e ...
Transmitter Release
... amount of Ca2+ that flows into the terminal. H the action potential is prolonged, more Ca2+ flows into the cell and therefore more transmitter is released,causing a greater postsynaptic potential. Calcium channelsare found in all nerve cells as well as in cells outside the nervous system, such as sk ...
... amount of Ca2+ that flows into the terminal. H the action potential is prolonged, more Ca2+ flows into the cell and therefore more transmitter is released,causing a greater postsynaptic potential. Calcium channelsare found in all nerve cells as well as in cells outside the nervous system, such as sk ...
Membrane protein integration into the endoplasmic reticulum
... of them containing charged residues [49–51]. These observations, together with the fact that TRAM itself contains an unusually high number of charged residues within its TM segments, led to the idea that TRAM could act as a chaperone for the integration of nonoptimal TM segments by providing a more ...
... of them containing charged residues [49–51]. These observations, together with the fact that TRAM itself contains an unusually high number of charged residues within its TM segments, led to the idea that TRAM could act as a chaperone for the integration of nonoptimal TM segments by providing a more ...
and extra-vesicular ions and membrane associated charges in
... qualitative similarities and sometimes major quantitative differences between these two types of models. Keywords: membrane charges; archaea bipolar tetraether lipids; membrane organization; Monte Carlo simulations ...
... qualitative similarities and sometimes major quantitative differences between these two types of models. Keywords: membrane charges; archaea bipolar tetraether lipids; membrane organization; Monte Carlo simulations ...
HL-1 Myocytes Exhibit PKC and K Channel-Dependent Delta Opioid Preconditioning
... damage by limiting infarct size and enhancing functional recovery in whole-heart models [8, 9]. In addition, isolated myocyte models indicate that opioids can enhance cell viability [10 –12] and function [13]. Although the end effectors of acute opioid preconditioning remain elusive, early events fo ...
... damage by limiting infarct size and enhancing functional recovery in whole-heart models [8, 9]. In addition, isolated myocyte models indicate that opioids can enhance cell viability [10 –12] and function [13]. Although the end effectors of acute opioid preconditioning remain elusive, early events fo ...
1 Electrophysiology and pacemaker function of the - AJP
... electrically connected, are sparsely, but not homogeneously embedded. Although the SAN as a whole is normally recognized as a uniform functional pacemaker unit, only a small portion of it consists of primary pacemaker cells which are the early generators of the excitatory depolarizing waves that fir ...
... electrically connected, are sparsely, but not homogeneously embedded. Although the SAN as a whole is normally recognized as a uniform functional pacemaker unit, only a small portion of it consists of primary pacemaker cells which are the early generators of the excitatory depolarizing waves that fir ...
Charge asymmetry in the proteins of the outer membrane
... exteriors that are extremely hydrophobic and protein-facing interiors that are similarly hydrophobic to the hydrophobic cores of soluble proteins (Rees et al., 1989; Rees and Eisenberg, 2000). The structures of OMBBs, on the other hand, are such that they are more like inside-out soluble proteins. T ...
... exteriors that are extremely hydrophobic and protein-facing interiors that are similarly hydrophobic to the hydrophobic cores of soluble proteins (Rees et al., 1989; Rees and Eisenberg, 2000). The structures of OMBBs, on the other hand, are such that they are more like inside-out soluble proteins. T ...
Scavenging of 14-3-3 proteins reveals their involvement in the cell
... of KATP channels (Yuan et al., 2003) implies that steric masking by the other subunit is not sufficient to explain inactivation of all the Arg-based signals present in the complex. Previous studies using soluble protein-A fusion proteins and reporter membrane proteins have shown that the C-terminal ...
... of KATP channels (Yuan et al., 2003) implies that steric masking by the other subunit is not sufficient to explain inactivation of all the Arg-based signals present in the complex. Previous studies using soluble protein-A fusion proteins and reporter membrane proteins have shown that the C-terminal ...
A New Subfamily of Major Intrinsic Proteins in
... FIG. 4.—Part of the interior structure of GlpF, showing the asparagines 68 and 203 in the NPA boxes and some of the discussed amino acid residues as ball-and-stick models (Fu et al. 2000). Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon atoms are depicted in dark, intermediate, and light gray, respectively (in the on- ...
... FIG. 4.—Part of the interior structure of GlpF, showing the asparagines 68 and 203 in the NPA boxes and some of the discussed amino acid residues as ball-and-stick models (Fu et al. 2000). Oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon atoms are depicted in dark, intermediate, and light gray, respectively (in the on- ...
What is new in tympanoplasty? - Romanian Journal of Rhinology
... stimulation of the hair cells, which convert mechanical energy into neuronal impulses. Tympanic perforations, regardless of the cause (infectious, traumatic, iatrogenic), result in hearing loss due to ineffective sound transmission1. Surgical management of tympanic perforations is still a controvers ...
... stimulation of the hair cells, which convert mechanical energy into neuronal impulses. Tympanic perforations, regardless of the cause (infectious, traumatic, iatrogenic), result in hearing loss due to ineffective sound transmission1. Surgical management of tympanic perforations is still a controvers ...
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... channels or by antisense-mediated knockdown of an subunit of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1.6a) also decreases the RB cell death (Svoboda et al., 2001; Pineda et al., 2006), thereby suggesting that neurotrophic inputs, kinase regulations and electrical activity provide signals that are requir ...
... channels or by antisense-mediated knockdown of an subunit of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav1.6a) also decreases the RB cell death (Svoboda et al., 2001; Pineda et al., 2006), thereby suggesting that neurotrophic inputs, kinase regulations and electrical activity provide signals that are requir ...
Stimulatory and Inhibitory Functions of the R Domain
... in the endoplasmic reticulum membranes, i.e., processing mutants of CFTR such as ∆F508 and N1303K (15). These misprocessed CFTR channels are inaccessible to the patchclamp electrode. Third, the system allows control of membrane phospholipid composition. For example, various surface charge densities ...
... in the endoplasmic reticulum membranes, i.e., processing mutants of CFTR such as ∆F508 and N1303K (15). These misprocessed CFTR channels are inaccessible to the patchclamp electrode. Third, the system allows control of membrane phospholipid composition. For example, various surface charge densities ...
Mechanosensitive channels
Mechanosensitive channels or mechanosensitive ion channels are membrane proteins capable of responding to mechanical stress over a wide dynamic range of external mechanical stimuli. They are found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The channels vary in selectivity for the permeating ions from nonselective between anions and cations in bacteria, to cation selective allowing passage Ca2+, K+ and Na+ in eukaryotes, and highly selective K+ channels in bacteria and eukaryotes.All organisms, and apparently all cell types, sense and respond to mechanical stimuli. MSCs function as mechanotransducers capable of generating both electrical and ion flux signals as a response to external or internal stimuli. Under extreme turgor in bacteria, non selective MSCs such as MSCL and MSCS serve as safety valves to prevent lysis. In specialized cells of the higher organisms, other types of MSCs are probably the basis of the senses of hearing and touch and sense the stress needed for muscular coordination. However, none of these channels have been cloned. MSCs also allow plants to distinguish up from down by sensing the force of gravity. MSCs are not pressure-sensitive, but sensitive to local stress, most likely tension in the surrounding lipid bilayer.