Rapid Method For Transmission Electron Microscope Study Of
... were used in their studies are more complex and thicker compare to the bacteria that we used in this study. Therefore, the penetration and effects of the GA would be harsh for the bacteria, if they were exposed for a longer time as in the SMTEM. Even though the GA was exposed shorter time in the RMT ...
... were used in their studies are more complex and thicker compare to the bacteria that we used in this study. Therefore, the penetration and effects of the GA would be harsh for the bacteria, if they were exposed for a longer time as in the SMTEM. Even though the GA was exposed shorter time in the RMT ...
View/Open - Minerva Access
... peptides as antibiotic alternatives. But having both model membrane types in a single experiment showed that the peptides barely interacted with eukaryotic-like membrane when the concentration of peptide was below a certain threshold (the amount of peptide required to saturate the S. aureus lipid sy ...
... peptides as antibiotic alternatives. But having both model membrane types in a single experiment showed that the peptides barely interacted with eukaryotic-like membrane when the concentration of peptide was below a certain threshold (the amount of peptide required to saturate the S. aureus lipid sy ...
D2 Dopamine Receptors in Striatal Medium Spiny Neurons Reduce
... whether D2 receptors can directly influence intracellular Ca 2⫹ levels. An obvious way this might happen is via the modulation of transmembrane ion channels capable of carrying Ca 2⫹ ions into the cytoplasm. One potential target of this type of modulation is the L-type Ca 2⫹ channel, a channel that ...
... whether D2 receptors can directly influence intracellular Ca 2⫹ levels. An obvious way this might happen is via the modulation of transmembrane ion channels capable of carrying Ca 2⫹ ions into the cytoplasm. One potential target of this type of modulation is the L-type Ca 2⫹ channel, a channel that ...
ZAMZAMI N, KROEMER G, 2001. The mitochondrion in apoptosis
... PTPC opening; agents in red inhibit pore opening. Proteins or peptides carrying the Bcl-2 homology region-3 (BH3) motif may act on either Bax or Bcl-2 (or their homologues) in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Ca2+ has been postulated to act on ANT-associated cardiolipin molecules; cyclosporin A act ...
... PTPC opening; agents in red inhibit pore opening. Proteins or peptides carrying the Bcl-2 homology region-3 (BH3) motif may act on either Bax or Bcl-2 (or their homologues) in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Ca2+ has been postulated to act on ANT-associated cardiolipin molecules; cyclosporin A act ...
Regulation of phospholipase D activity, membrane targeting and
... a radioactive form of one of these derivatives was used to label the protein in a manner that could be protected by an excess of PtdIns(4,5)P2 but not by other phosphoinositides or other acidic lipids that do not activate the enzyme [16]. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that a bindi ...
... a radioactive form of one of these derivatives was used to label the protein in a manner that could be protected by an excess of PtdIns(4,5)P2 but not by other phosphoinositides or other acidic lipids that do not activate the enzyme [16]. Taken together, these results strongly suggested that a bindi ...
PDZ proteins retain and regulate membrane transporters in
... sequence, PDZ domains are traditionally classified as class I domains, which recognize the consensus sequence X⫺3(S/T)⫺2-X⫺1-0 (X ⫽ any amino acid; ⫽ hydrophobic amino acid; ⫺3, ⫺2, ⫺1, and 0, the position relative to the COOH-terminal residue) and in class II domains (target sequence: X⫺3-⫺2-X⫺ ...
... sequence, PDZ domains are traditionally classified as class I domains, which recognize the consensus sequence X⫺3(S/T)⫺2-X⫺1-0 (X ⫽ any amino acid; ⫽ hydrophobic amino acid; ⫺3, ⫺2, ⫺1, and 0, the position relative to the COOH-terminal residue) and in class II domains (target sequence: X⫺3-⫺2-X⫺ ...
Chapter # PLASMA MEMBRANE PHOSPHOLIPID ASYMMETRY
... weight 35kDa that binds to membranes and lipid bilayers containing phosphatidylserine in the presence of free calcium. Annexin V binding to cell surfaces said to result from transmembrane movement of phosphatidyserine is often used as a diagnostic indicator of apoptosis. Studies of a fluorescent der ...
... weight 35kDa that binds to membranes and lipid bilayers containing phosphatidylserine in the presence of free calcium. Annexin V binding to cell surfaces said to result from transmembrane movement of phosphatidyserine is often used as a diagnostic indicator of apoptosis. Studies of a fluorescent der ...
Effect of nanoparticles on the activity of the electrone ion pumps in
... MP is the integral indication of its physiological state and depends on cell metobolism. MP in plant cells is generized as the result of both active ion pumps and also passive diffusion channel activities. The activity of active ion pumps in cells depends on metobolism level and its change happens a ...
... MP is the integral indication of its physiological state and depends on cell metobolism. MP in plant cells is generized as the result of both active ion pumps and also passive diffusion channel activities. The activity of active ion pumps in cells depends on metobolism level and its change happens a ...
Part 3 (Archaea - Updates Book)
... c) Korarcheota are only known from their DNA sequences—nothing more is known about them (they have only recently been discovered). b. Archaea differ in their chemical make-up from other lifeforms. 1) While archaea have many features that look similar to those found on other cells, these features are ...
... c) Korarcheota are only known from their DNA sequences—nothing more is known about them (they have only recently been discovered). b. Archaea differ in their chemical make-up from other lifeforms. 1) While archaea have many features that look similar to those found on other cells, these features are ...
Marginally hydrophobic transmembrane helices shaping membrane protein folding
... leaflet (27) . How the asymmetry is established and maintained is not well understood. In addition to the differences between leaflets, membranes can also exhibit lateral asymmetry. Membrane domains can be defined as short-range ordered structures (0.001 and 1.0 µm in diameter), enriched in particul ...
... leaflet (27) . How the asymmetry is established and maintained is not well understood. In addition to the differences between leaflets, membranes can also exhibit lateral asymmetry. Membrane domains can be defined as short-range ordered structures (0.001 and 1.0 µm in diameter), enriched in particul ...
Production of Outer Membrane Vesicles in a Clinical
... added and allowed to solidify; subsequently, a small block of bacterial growth was cut and processed for TEM. Furthermore, 20 µl of the sample obtained from the OMV purification technique was taken and placed on a formvar-coated grid, where it was allowed to adsorb for 1 min and the excess was elimi ...
... added and allowed to solidify; subsequently, a small block of bacterial growth was cut and processed for TEM. Furthermore, 20 µl of the sample obtained from the OMV purification technique was taken and placed on a formvar-coated grid, where it was allowed to adsorb for 1 min and the excess was elimi ...
Theoretical studies of Membrane Proteins
... Despite their importance it has not been possible to study their structure and organization in much detail because of the difficulty to obtain 3D structures. In this thesis theoretical studies of membrane protein sequences and structures have been carried out by analyzing existing experimental data. ...
... Despite their importance it has not been possible to study their structure and organization in much detail because of the difficulty to obtain 3D structures. In this thesis theoretical studies of membrane protein sequences and structures have been carried out by analyzing existing experimental data. ...
MUSCLE FATIGUE
... turn reduces Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from the SR). In vertebrate skeletal muscle, there have been a number of evolutionary changes, probably to enhance the speed and control of Ca 2+ release and hence contraction. Firstly, the influx of extracellular Ca 2+ is not necessary for triggering Ca2+ rele ...
... turn reduces Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from the SR). In vertebrate skeletal muscle, there have been a number of evolutionary changes, probably to enhance the speed and control of Ca 2+ release and hence contraction. Firstly, the influx of extracellular Ca 2+ is not necessary for triggering Ca2+ rele ...
The Plasma Membrane of the Cyanobacterium
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
The Plasma Membrane of the Cyanobacterium
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
... The light reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis almost invariably take place in the thylakoid membranes, a highly specialized internal membrane system located in the stroma of chloroplasts and the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria. The only known exception is the primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violac ...
Is ATP a Signaling Agent in Plants?
... Duration and amplitude of purine-induced Ca2⫹ transients in animal cells are determined by the structure of the purine derivative (White et al., 2001). The effects of ATP derivatives (see Ralevic and Burnstock, 1998), ADP, and the pyrimidine UTP are shown in Figure 1B. All compounds tested elicited ...
... Duration and amplitude of purine-induced Ca2⫹ transients in animal cells are determined by the structure of the purine derivative (White et al., 2001). The effects of ATP derivatives (see Ralevic and Burnstock, 1998), ADP, and the pyrimidine UTP are shown in Figure 1B. All compounds tested elicited ...
ref. #28 of the TIBS article
... for the integration of transmembrane a-helices (TMHs) into biological membranes (von Heijne, 1997), very little is known about the detailed molecular interactions that control the precise positioning of an isolated TMH in the bilayer. This is due both to the lack of high-resolution structural data a ...
... for the integration of transmembrane a-helices (TMHs) into biological membranes (von Heijne, 1997), very little is known about the detailed molecular interactions that control the precise positioning of an isolated TMH in the bilayer. This is due both to the lack of high-resolution structural data a ...
Ionic Channels in Biological Membranes
... macroscopic dimensions needed to define concentration. The difficulty in the calculation of current arises because of the gap between atomic time scales (needed to see molecular motion) and the macroscopic time scale (needed to see biological function). The biological functions of channels occur on ...
... macroscopic dimensions needed to define concentration. The difficulty in the calculation of current arises because of the gap between atomic time scales (needed to see molecular motion) and the macroscopic time scale (needed to see biological function). The biological functions of channels occur on ...
How proteins produce cellular membrane curvature
... elasticity is characterized by the elastic moduli, such as the bending moduli of the membrane monolayer, κm, and bilayer, κB, the moduli of the Gaussian curvature of the monolayer and bilayer, κ m and κ B , respectively, the membrane stretching modulus, Г (see Supplementary information S1 (box) and ...
... elasticity is characterized by the elastic moduli, such as the bending moduli of the membrane monolayer, κm, and bilayer, κB, the moduli of the Gaussian curvature of the monolayer and bilayer, κ m and κ B , respectively, the membrane stretching modulus, Г (see Supplementary information S1 (box) and ...
Mechanisms Shaping the Membranes of Cellular Organelles
... membrane curvature in intracellular membranes is generated by proteins. Nevertheless, lipids play an important role, modifying and facilitating the function of curvature-generating proteins in decisive ways (Devaux et al. 2008). Proteins could cause curvature indirectly by generating lipid asymmetry ...
... membrane curvature in intracellular membranes is generated by proteins. Nevertheless, lipids play an important role, modifying and facilitating the function of curvature-generating proteins in decisive ways (Devaux et al. 2008). Proteins could cause curvature indirectly by generating lipid asymmetry ...
Stockholm University
... between. Studies of the bacteriorhodopsin structure suggested that membrane proteins are "inside-out", i.e. that they consist of a hydrophilic interior and a hydrophobic exterior [3-7]. However, later studies indicated that the "inside-out" rule is not generally applicable [6-10]. Since membrane pro ...
... between. Studies of the bacteriorhodopsin structure suggested that membrane proteins are "inside-out", i.e. that they consist of a hydrophilic interior and a hydrophobic exterior [3-7]. However, later studies indicated that the "inside-out" rule is not generally applicable [6-10]. Since membrane pro ...
Direct NMR Detection of Alkali Metal Ions Bound to G-
... necessarily occurs during chromosome replication. Telomeres function by preventing chromosomes from losing base pair sequences at their ends. They also stop chromosomes from fusing to each other. When the telomere becomes too short, the chromosome reaches a "critical length" and can no longer replic ...
... necessarily occurs during chromosome replication. Telomeres function by preventing chromosomes from losing base pair sequences at their ends. They also stop chromosomes from fusing to each other. When the telomere becomes too short, the chromosome reaches a "critical length" and can no longer replic ...
Photoreceptor Membrane Proteins, Phototransduction, and Retinal
... inherent in the molecular analysis of biological membranes, and in particular membrane proteins. A significant advancement came in 1974 when David Papermaster, working as a postdoctoral fellow in William Dreyer's laboratory at California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, developed a highly pure p ...
... inherent in the molecular analysis of biological membranes, and in particular membrane proteins. A significant advancement came in 1974 when David Papermaster, working as a postdoctoral fellow in William Dreyer's laboratory at California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, developed a highly pure p ...
Role of Sodium Channel Deglycosylation in the Genesis of Cardiac
... Because long QT intervals are caused largely by prolonged APs, our data suggest that MLP"/" myocytes have longer APs than WT myocytes. To test this hypothesis, APs were recorded in WT and MLP"/" myocytes using the current clamp method. In these experiments single WT and MLP"/" ventricular myocytes w ...
... Because long QT intervals are caused largely by prolonged APs, our data suggest that MLP"/" myocytes have longer APs than WT myocytes. To test this hypothesis, APs were recorded in WT and MLP"/" myocytes using the current clamp method. In these experiments single WT and MLP"/" ventricular myocytes w ...
Characterization of CIC transporter proteins Moradi, Hossein
... proteins into the membrane. These proteins have a hydrophobic surface, which allow interaction with, and thus insertion into, the lipophilic membrane. Internally they either contain a hydrophilic pore or a hydrophilic pathway, which allows the passage of the solutes. These pores can be highly specif ...
... proteins into the membrane. These proteins have a hydrophobic surface, which allow interaction with, and thus insertion into, the lipophilic membrane. Internally they either contain a hydrophilic pore or a hydrophilic pathway, which allows the passage of the solutes. These pores can be highly specif ...
Mechanosensitive channels
Mechanosensitive channels or mechanosensitive ion channels are membrane proteins capable of responding to mechanical stress over a wide dynamic range of external mechanical stimuli. They are found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The channels vary in selectivity for the permeating ions from nonselective between anions and cations in bacteria, to cation selective allowing passage Ca2+, K+ and Na+ in eukaryotes, and highly selective K+ channels in bacteria and eukaryotes.All organisms, and apparently all cell types, sense and respond to mechanical stimuli. MSCs function as mechanotransducers capable of generating both electrical and ion flux signals as a response to external or internal stimuli. Under extreme turgor in bacteria, non selective MSCs such as MSCL and MSCS serve as safety valves to prevent lysis. In specialized cells of the higher organisms, other types of MSCs are probably the basis of the senses of hearing and touch and sense the stress needed for muscular coordination. However, none of these channels have been cloned. MSCs also allow plants to distinguish up from down by sensing the force of gravity. MSCs are not pressure-sensitive, but sensitive to local stress, most likely tension in the surrounding lipid bilayer.