Fermentation and Biosynthetic Pathways File
... sauerkraut from fresh cabbage, pickles from cucumbers. ...
... sauerkraut from fresh cabbage, pickles from cucumbers. ...
Cell Respiration Stations
... Removes two electrons from QH2 at the QO site Transfers them to two molecules of cytochrome c, a water-soluble electron carrier located within the intermembrane space. The two other electrons passed across the protein quinone, which is reduced to quinol. ...
... Removes two electrons from QH2 at the QO site Transfers them to two molecules of cytochrome c, a water-soluble electron carrier located within the intermembrane space. The two other electrons passed across the protein quinone, which is reduced to quinol. ...
Cellular Respiration - Local.brookings.k12.sd.us
... = _______________ Also called _________________________________ • happens in the ________________ outside the mitochondria • occurs _________________________ See glycolysis movie ...
... = _______________ Also called _________________________________ • happens in the ________________ outside the mitochondria • occurs _________________________ See glycolysis movie ...
Oxidation
... simultaneously hence the step is called Oxidative decarboxylation • Pyruvate + CoA forms Acetyl CoA • CoA comprises of [ adenine + ribose sugar + Pantothenic acid] • CoA is a carrier for Acetyl group into the Krebs cycle. NAD+ ...
... simultaneously hence the step is called Oxidative decarboxylation • Pyruvate + CoA forms Acetyl CoA • CoA comprises of [ adenine + ribose sugar + Pantothenic acid] • CoA is a carrier for Acetyl group into the Krebs cycle. NAD+ ...
Document
... •Glycolysis also provides cytoplasm with 2 mol NADH/glucose. •In the absence of O2, NADH is oxidized by reduction of pyruvate. •In the presence of O2, NADH is oxidized in the mitochondria. ...
... •Glycolysis also provides cytoplasm with 2 mol NADH/glucose. •In the absence of O2, NADH is oxidized by reduction of pyruvate. •In the presence of O2, NADH is oxidized in the mitochondria. ...
Oxidative Phosphorylation and the Chemiosmotic Theory
... Electron transport through the complexes of the respiratory chain causes uptake of H+ from the matrix at the inside surface of the inner membrane, and the release of H+ at the outside surface (Figures 2 and 4). Protons are effectively moved (or "pumped") outwards across the inner membrane using ene ...
... Electron transport through the complexes of the respiratory chain causes uptake of H+ from the matrix at the inside surface of the inner membrane, and the release of H+ at the outside surface (Figures 2 and 4). Protons are effectively moved (or "pumped") outwards across the inner membrane using ene ...
Directed Reading
... During cellular respiration, stored chemical energy is released gradually in a series of enzyme-assisted reactions. When a log is burned, stored chemical energy is released quickly as heat and light. 12. ATP is called an energy currency because cells can “spend it” in order to carry out cellular pro ...
... During cellular respiration, stored chemical energy is released gradually in a series of enzyme-assisted reactions. When a log is burned, stored chemical energy is released quickly as heat and light. 12. ATP is called an energy currency because cells can “spend it” in order to carry out cellular pro ...
CHE 4310 Fall 2011
... 2. Show the three reactions in the citric acid cycle in which NADH is produced, including the structures. None of these reactions involves molecular oxygen (O2), but all three reactions are strongly inhibited by anaerobic conditions; explain why. ...
... 2. Show the three reactions in the citric acid cycle in which NADH is produced, including the structures. None of these reactions involves molecular oxygen (O2), but all three reactions are strongly inhibited by anaerobic conditions; explain why. ...
CHE 4310 Fall 2011
... 2. Show the three reactions in the citric acid cycle in which NADH is produced, including the structures. None of these reactions involves molecular oxygen (O2), but all three reactions are strongly inhibited by anaerobic conditions; explain why. ...
... 2. Show the three reactions in the citric acid cycle in which NADH is produced, including the structures. None of these reactions involves molecular oxygen (O2), but all three reactions are strongly inhibited by anaerobic conditions; explain why. ...
Answers
... Dehydrogenase: An enzyme that removes hydrogen atoms (and their corresponding electrons) from a molecule. ...
... Dehydrogenase: An enzyme that removes hydrogen atoms (and their corresponding electrons) from a molecule. ...
Exam II Sample (1710).doc
... Between the metaphases of meiosis I and meiosis II,: a. there is a full cell cycle. b. there is an extended G1 period. c. the nuclear membranes do not reform. d. a decrease in chromosome number has occurred. e. a single round of DNA replication is carried out. ...
... Between the metaphases of meiosis I and meiosis II,: a. there is a full cell cycle. b. there is an extended G1 period. c. the nuclear membranes do not reform. d. a decrease in chromosome number has occurred. e. a single round of DNA replication is carried out. ...
Exam 2 - student.ahc.umn.edu
... c) convert acetyl-CoA to pyruvate d) do all of the above 35) The citric acid cycle is considered part of aerobic metabolism even though oxygen does not appear explicitly in any reaction because a) the NADH and FADH2 produced are reoxidized in the electron transport chain linked to oxygen * b) the re ...
... c) convert acetyl-CoA to pyruvate d) do all of the above 35) The citric acid cycle is considered part of aerobic metabolism even though oxygen does not appear explicitly in any reaction because a) the NADH and FADH2 produced are reoxidized in the electron transport chain linked to oxygen * b) the re ...
3.-electron-transport-chain-ATP-synthesis
... The energy received allows the proteins to pump hydrogen across the membrane, so that they can be pumped back across by ATP synthase. This movement of H+ ions drives the enzyme to synthesise ATP from ...
... The energy received allows the proteins to pump hydrogen across the membrane, so that they can be pumped back across by ATP synthase. This movement of H+ ions drives the enzyme to synthesise ATP from ...
Metabolism - ZANICHELLI.it
... Oxidation–Reduction (Redox) reactions: one substance transfers electrons to another substance. Reduction: gain of one or more electrons by an atom, ion, or molecule. Oxidation: loss of one or more electrons. ...
... Oxidation–Reduction (Redox) reactions: one substance transfers electrons to another substance. Reduction: gain of one or more electrons by an atom, ion, or molecule. Oxidation: loss of one or more electrons. ...
Chapter 8 Worksheet
... Exercise 2 – Glycolysis (8.2) Glycolysis is the first of three steps in cellular respiration. Review glycolysis by matching each phrase on the right with a term on the left. Some terms are used tw ...
... Exercise 2 – Glycolysis (8.2) Glycolysis is the first of three steps in cellular respiration. Review glycolysis by matching each phrase on the right with a term on the left. Some terms are used tw ...
Energy - My CCSD
... D. Every enzyme catalyzes only one reaction or one type of reaction E. Enzymes …. 1. break down toxins (a lot in liver) 2. speed up digestion ...
... D. Every enzyme catalyzes only one reaction or one type of reaction E. Enzymes …. 1. break down toxins (a lot in liver) 2. speed up digestion ...
1 Two ATP molecules each give a phosphate group to a glucose
... NADPH The products of the light-dependent stage are ATP and NADPH, these are then used in the light-independent stage Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere diffuses into the leaf through stomata In the stroma, the carbon dioxide reacts with RuBP (5C) This reaction is catalysed by an enzyme called RuBis ...
... NADPH The products of the light-dependent stage are ATP and NADPH, these are then used in the light-independent stage Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere diffuses into the leaf through stomata In the stroma, the carbon dioxide reacts with RuBP (5C) This reaction is catalysed by an enzyme called RuBis ...
Learner resource 1: Answers
... The chemical reactions within a cell by which ATP is produced from respiratory substrates such ...
... The chemical reactions within a cell by which ATP is produced from respiratory substrates such ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.