Here is a practice Test
... 23. The enzyme responsible for the aerobic synthesis of ATP (located within the mitochondria) is a. phosphofructokinase. b. isocitrate dehydrogenase. c. myosin ATPase. d. ATP synthase. 24. The chemical reaction that involves pyruvate and lactate may require either oxidation or reduction of a coenzym ...
... 23. The enzyme responsible for the aerobic synthesis of ATP (located within the mitochondria) is a. phosphofructokinase. b. isocitrate dehydrogenase. c. myosin ATPase. d. ATP synthase. 24. The chemical reaction that involves pyruvate and lactate may require either oxidation or reduction of a coenzym ...
Cellular Respiration Powerpoint
... These cells do NOT contain organelles, so cell respiration occurs in the cell membrane ...
... These cells do NOT contain organelles, so cell respiration occurs in the cell membrane ...
Plant Respiration
... Cytochrome c is a small protein attached to the outer surface of the inner membrane and acts as a mobile carrier for transfer of electrons between complex III and IV. Complex IV refers to cytochrome c oxidase complex containing cytochromes a and a3, and two copper centres. When the electrons pass fr ...
... Cytochrome c is a small protein attached to the outer surface of the inner membrane and acts as a mobile carrier for transfer of electrons between complex III and IV. Complex IV refers to cytochrome c oxidase complex containing cytochromes a and a3, and two copper centres. When the electrons pass fr ...
Cellular Respiration Review
... c) What happens to the energy released from glucose? 3. Why is it important for energy-releasing reactions to take place in living cells? 4. Differentiate between oxidation and reduction reactions. 5. a) Describe how ADP is converted into ATP. b) Why are oxidation reactions often coupled to the prod ...
... c) What happens to the energy released from glucose? 3. Why is it important for energy-releasing reactions to take place in living cells? 4. Differentiate between oxidation and reduction reactions. 5. a) Describe how ADP is converted into ATP. b) Why are oxidation reactions often coupled to the prod ...
micro notes chpt. 8
... electrons to the electron transport chain for the purpose of generating ATP. c. ...
... electrons to the electron transport chain for the purpose of generating ATP. c. ...
Cellular respiration
... What organisms do these processes? Photosynthesis Cell Resp. • Prokaryotes? • Eukaryotes? ...
... What organisms do these processes? Photosynthesis Cell Resp. • Prokaryotes? • Eukaryotes? ...
Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy
... Food (glucose) What comes out…(products) CO2 H 2O and ATP!!! ...
... Food (glucose) What comes out…(products) CO2 H 2O and ATP!!! ...
second exam 05
... a) Measuring the voltage at just one of the electrodes in an electrochemical cell. b) Determining the voltage for a standard state in which all components are at 1 M and the current is at 1 Amp. c) Measuring the voltage relative to the standard hydrogen electrode. d) Measuring the voltage by using a ...
... a) Measuring the voltage at just one of the electrodes in an electrochemical cell. b) Determining the voltage for a standard state in which all components are at 1 M and the current is at 1 Amp. c) Measuring the voltage relative to the standard hydrogen electrode. d) Measuring the voltage by using a ...
Estimating bacterial surface contamination by means of ATP
... It is widely acknowledged that surfaces can also be contaminated with traces of body fluids and food residues all of which can contribute to ATP readings. There is also awareness that chlorine-containing surface disinfectants are able to attenuate the light signal generated and so confound measurem ...
... It is widely acknowledged that surfaces can also be contaminated with traces of body fluids and food residues all of which can contribute to ATP readings. There is also awareness that chlorine-containing surface disinfectants are able to attenuate the light signal generated and so confound measurem ...
NME2.31 - Energy Production
... Passage of 2 electrons through the complex pumps 4 protons out Cytochrome c transports electrons between complexes 3 and 4 Cytochrome oxidase 2 electrons are transported back into the matrix and couple with gaseous oxygen 2e- + 2H+ + ½O2 H2O 2 protons are pumped out ATP synthase 4 prot ...
... Passage of 2 electrons through the complex pumps 4 protons out Cytochrome c transports electrons between complexes 3 and 4 Cytochrome oxidase 2 electrons are transported back into the matrix and couple with gaseous oxygen 2e- + 2H+ + ½O2 H2O 2 protons are pumped out ATP synthase 4 prot ...
Slide 1
... 2. Cellular Respiration • A series of metabolic pathways involving 3 separate phases: • Krebs cycle • electron transport system • oxidative phosphorylation • Oxidizes pyruvate to ATP & CO2 • Text pg 117 • So why is ATP so important? ...
... 2. Cellular Respiration • A series of metabolic pathways involving 3 separate phases: • Krebs cycle • electron transport system • oxidative phosphorylation • Oxidizes pyruvate to ATP & CO2 • Text pg 117 • So why is ATP so important? ...
Glycolysis & Fermentation
... 5 Steps in Krebs cycle Step 1 – produces citric acid Step 2 – releases CO2 Step 3 – releases CO2 Step 4 – conversion of 4-carbon compound Step 5 – 4-carbon compound converted back to oxaloacetic acid ...
... 5 Steps in Krebs cycle Step 1 – produces citric acid Step 2 – releases CO2 Step 3 – releases CO2 Step 4 – conversion of 4-carbon compound Step 5 – 4-carbon compound converted back to oxaloacetic acid ...
Cellular Respiration
... 1. Of the 3 stages of cell respiration, which produces the most ATP per glucose? 2. In glycolysis, _______ is oxidized and _______ is reduced. 3. The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chains in mitochondria is _______. ...
... 1. Of the 3 stages of cell respiration, which produces the most ATP per glucose? 2. In glycolysis, _______ is oxidized and _______ is reduced. 3. The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chains in mitochondria is _______. ...
Skills Worksheet
... 25. ATP is a nucleotide made up of a chain of three phosphate groups (adenosine triphosphate). This molecule temporarily stores energy; it can be made in one part of a cell and can be easily transferred to another part of the cell, where it can be used to release energy through the removal of one ph ...
... 25. ATP is a nucleotide made up of a chain of three phosphate groups (adenosine triphosphate). This molecule temporarily stores energy; it can be made in one part of a cell and can be easily transferred to another part of the cell, where it can be used to release energy through the removal of one ph ...
L10v02a_-_glycolysis.stamped_doc
... [00:00:01.00] SPEAKER 1: Hi there. In this video, we'll discuss central metabolism, which as we saw is the two processes of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Glycolysis converts glucose, which is six carbons into two molecules of pyruvate which is three carbons each. This occurs in the cytosol. ...
... [00:00:01.00] SPEAKER 1: Hi there. In this video, we'll discuss central metabolism, which as we saw is the two processes of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. Glycolysis converts glucose, which is six carbons into two molecules of pyruvate which is three carbons each. This occurs in the cytosol. ...
Exam 4 key fall 2010
... (5) 15. Explain why NADH produced in glycolysis in eukaryotes typically causes a problem. ...
... (5) 15. Explain why NADH produced in glycolysis in eukaryotes typically causes a problem. ...
Bioenergetics
... o The cytochromes pass the electrons along, using their energy to phosphorylate ADP and Pi to ATP Energy is used to pump the H+ into outer compartment creating a concentration gradient The H+ then diffuses back into the matrix via channels associated with ATPsynthase o This simultaneously facili ...
... o The cytochromes pass the electrons along, using their energy to phosphorylate ADP and Pi to ATP Energy is used to pump the H+ into outer compartment creating a concentration gradient The H+ then diffuses back into the matrix via channels associated with ATPsynthase o This simultaneously facili ...
Cell Respiration
... This created two compartments in the mitochondria with different proton concentrations. The matrix with a low concentration and the intermembranal space with a high concentration. This results in the protons moving down their concentration gradient from the intermembranal space to the matrix. Howeve ...
... This created two compartments in the mitochondria with different proton concentrations. The matrix with a low concentration and the intermembranal space with a high concentration. This results in the protons moving down their concentration gradient from the intermembranal space to the matrix. Howeve ...
Metabolic Diversity
... • Use light to generate both ATP and NADPH • Electron transfer in photosystem I produces H+ gradient (also cyclic photophosphorylation) ...
... • Use light to generate both ATP and NADPH • Electron transfer in photosystem I produces H+ gradient (also cyclic photophosphorylation) ...
AP Biology Ch. 9 Fermentation and Quiz Ppt
... prokaryotes before there was oxygen in the atmosphere ...
... prokaryotes before there was oxygen in the atmosphere ...
Which of the following molecules is most likely to be used in a
... Because two acetyl-CoA molecules are produced from each glucose molecule, two cycles are required per glucose molecule. Therefore, at the end of all cycles, the products are: two GTP (ATP) , six NADH, two FADH2, and four CO2 10. State the total number of NADH and FADH2 produced for each acetyl-CoA t ...
... Because two acetyl-CoA molecules are produced from each glucose molecule, two cycles are required per glucose molecule. Therefore, at the end of all cycles, the products are: two GTP (ATP) , six NADH, two FADH2, and four CO2 10. State the total number of NADH and FADH2 produced for each acetyl-CoA t ...
Aerobic organisms obtain energy from oxidation of food molecules
... Energy from oxidation of 1 mole of Glucose? • Complete combustion of glucose : Glucose + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy • The free energy released, ΔG°´ = - 686 kcal/mole • Since hydrolysis of ATP gives ΔG°´ ~ –10 kcal/mole, 1 mole Glucose contains energy for 70-85 moles of ATP. • In respiration, 1 g ...
... Energy from oxidation of 1 mole of Glucose? • Complete combustion of glucose : Glucose + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy • The free energy released, ΔG°´ = - 686 kcal/mole • Since hydrolysis of ATP gives ΔG°´ ~ –10 kcal/mole, 1 mole Glucose contains energy for 70-85 moles of ATP. • In respiration, 1 g ...
2 ATP
... • 2nd - Attached to one side of the ribose is a base (a group consisting of linked rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms); in this case the base is adenine. • 3rd - Attached to the other side of the ribose is a string of phosphates ...
... • 2nd - Attached to one side of the ribose is a base (a group consisting of linked rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms); in this case the base is adenine. • 3rd - Attached to the other side of the ribose is a string of phosphates ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.