... Skin: low pH (sweat), fatty acids, hydrolytic enzymes (lysozyme),anti-microbial cationic peptides (defensins). Mechanisms such as tearing, coughing, sneezing, vomiting Respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts: acidic secretions, degradative enzymes, Removal of mucus via ciliated cells ...
Immunity and Infection Sexually Transmitted Diseases`
... Defined as a weakened/killed version of microbe that is administered to stimulate an immune response ...
... Defined as a weakened/killed version of microbe that is administered to stimulate an immune response ...
Adaptive or acquired immune system
... Same every time; no ‘memory’ as found in the adaptive immune system First line of defense against infection Includes: 1. Physical barriers (skin, mucus lining of gastrointestinal, respiratory and genitourinary tracts) 2. Phagocytic cells – neutrophils, macrophages 3. Protective chemicals – aci ...
... Same every time; no ‘memory’ as found in the adaptive immune system First line of defense against infection Includes: 1. Physical barriers (skin, mucus lining of gastrointestinal, respiratory and genitourinary tracts) 2. Phagocytic cells – neutrophils, macrophages 3. Protective chemicals – aci ...
RHINOVIRUSES AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6
... This attachment triggers a host of changes in the immune cells that effectively dampens the immune response. The immune cells produce anti-inflammatory signals 4 ; they are slower to activate the T cells in the lymph nodes that attack the viruses 5 ; and they reduce the production of antibodies ...
... This attachment triggers a host of changes in the immune cells that effectively dampens the immune response. The immune cells produce anti-inflammatory signals 4 ; they are slower to activate the T cells in the lymph nodes that attack the viruses 5 ; and they reduce the production of antibodies ...
Document
... Six main types of white blood cells 1) phagocyte- Destroys viruses, bacterium, and fungi by engulfing them Ex: macrophage ...
... Six main types of white blood cells 1) phagocyte- Destroys viruses, bacterium, and fungi by engulfing them Ex: macrophage ...
Immunity and Infection Sexually Transmitted Diseases`
... Defined as a weakened/killed version of microbe that is administered to stimulate an immune response ...
... Defined as a weakened/killed version of microbe that is administered to stimulate an immune response ...
Another person Direct contact: shaking hands 1. 2. Contaminated
... 11. A(n) _________________________ is a white blood cell that engulfs and destroys pathogens. 12. During the _____________________________, blood vessels widen in the area affected by pathogens. 13. In the ___________________________, the body reacts to each kind of pathogen with a defense targeted ...
... 11. A(n) _________________________ is a white blood cell that engulfs and destroys pathogens. 12. During the _____________________________, blood vessels widen in the area affected by pathogens. 13. In the ___________________________, the body reacts to each kind of pathogen with a defense targeted ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... 4. Which one of the following cell type is least effective against extra cellular bacterial pathogen? a) B cells b) cytotoxic Tcells c) TNFγ d) macrophages 5. Immuno suppression is not induced by a) anti histamines b) removal of lymphoid tissue c)use of anti lymphocyte antibodies d) cytotoxic drugs ...
... 4. Which one of the following cell type is least effective against extra cellular bacterial pathogen? a) B cells b) cytotoxic Tcells c) TNFγ d) macrophages 5. Immuno suppression is not induced by a) anti histamines b) removal of lymphoid tissue c)use of anti lymphocyte antibodies d) cytotoxic drugs ...
Immunity web
... • The antibodies enhance immune system response by binding to pathogens making them more susceptible to phagocytic destruction and also speed up inflammation and non-specific response. ...
... • The antibodies enhance immune system response by binding to pathogens making them more susceptible to phagocytic destruction and also speed up inflammation and non-specific response. ...
Immune System Disorders (Hypersensitivities ≈ Allergies)
... Causes: • Similarities between viral and self antigens (Hepitius C autoimmunity). • Cell malfunction due to antibody binding (Grave’s Disease; thyroid gland). • Immune complex forms (rheumatoid arthritis; joints). • Cell-mediated destruction of specific cell types (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitu ...
... Causes: • Similarities between viral and self antigens (Hepitius C autoimmunity). • Cell malfunction due to antibody binding (Grave’s Disease; thyroid gland). • Immune complex forms (rheumatoid arthritis; joints). • Cell-mediated destruction of specific cell types (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitu ...
your body`s defense against infection lesson 2
... antibodies Proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body ...
... antibodies Proteins that attach to antigens, keeping them from harming the body ...
Lesson Worksheet
... 11. How does the eosinophil differ in appearance from the neutrophil? __________________________________________________________________ ...
... 11. How does the eosinophil differ in appearance from the neutrophil? __________________________________________________________________ ...
The Body`s Defenses
... body cells and fluids • Acquired immunity has two branches: the humoral immune response and the cellmediated immune response • Humoral immune response involves activation and clonal selection of B cells, resulting in production of secreted antibodies • Cell-mediated immune response involves activati ...
... body cells and fluids • Acquired immunity has two branches: the humoral immune response and the cellmediated immune response • Humoral immune response involves activation and clonal selection of B cells, resulting in production of secreted antibodies • Cell-mediated immune response involves activati ...
Immunity
... • Diseases that are not caused by pathogens. Theses diseases are not passed from one organism to another. Examples: Diabetes Allergies Asthma Cancer Heart Disease ...
... • Diseases that are not caused by pathogens. Theses diseases are not passed from one organism to another. Examples: Diabetes Allergies Asthma Cancer Heart Disease ...
Ch. 43 - Immune System
... phagocyte found throughout your body) enter and eat the invaders (called antigens); this causes swelling. Macrophages secrete lysosomes into the antigen to destroy it; problem – it will attack anything not us, including organ transplants ...
... phagocyte found throughout your body) enter and eat the invaders (called antigens); this causes swelling. Macrophages secrete lysosomes into the antigen to destroy it; problem – it will attack anything not us, including organ transplants ...
Immune System Study Guide
... 21. If you receive an organ transplant, you must take drugs that ____________________ the immune system so the transplanted organ is not attacked. Short Answer 22. Name two of the body’s primary physical barriers against pathogens. 23. How does sweat help protect the body from pathogens? 24. What ch ...
... 21. If you receive an organ transplant, you must take drugs that ____________________ the immune system so the transplanted organ is not attacked. Short Answer 22. Name two of the body’s primary physical barriers against pathogens. 23. How does sweat help protect the body from pathogens? 24. What ch ...
Immune System
... are coated with mucus; Mucus traps airborne pathogens & swept into the digestive system to be destroyed 3. Inflammation - Occurs when pathogens do enter the body (usually through skin); Blood vessels near wound expand; WBC leak from the vessels to invade the infected tissues; Phagocytes (wbc) engulf ...
... are coated with mucus; Mucus traps airborne pathogens & swept into the digestive system to be destroyed 3. Inflammation - Occurs when pathogens do enter the body (usually through skin); Blood vessels near wound expand; WBC leak from the vessels to invade the infected tissues; Phagocytes (wbc) engulf ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.