11-Immunology
... How does the Cell-mediated system respond to infections? MHC proteins -- antigen “presentation” Role of macrophages ...
... How does the Cell-mediated system respond to infections? MHC proteins -- antigen “presentation” Role of macrophages ...
Immunology: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunizations
... Occurs in bodily secretions Found in breast milk Attaches to the lining of the digestive, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tract Transported through epithelial cells Attaches to microbes before they invade tissues Activates complement Exists as a dimer ...
... Occurs in bodily secretions Found in breast milk Attaches to the lining of the digestive, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tract Transported through epithelial cells Attaches to microbes before they invade tissues Activates complement Exists as a dimer ...
of virus infection
... – ‘self’ protein is recognized by the immune response since it is homologous to a viral protein – Breakdown of immunological tolerance to cryptic self antigens leading to attack on host tissues – eg., Coxsackie B virus-induced cardiomyopathy ...
... – ‘self’ protein is recognized by the immune response since it is homologous to a viral protein – Breakdown of immunological tolerance to cryptic self antigens leading to attack on host tissues – eg., Coxsackie B virus-induced cardiomyopathy ...
Protection against Disease
... pathogens if they are immobilised in an AAC The AAC also stimulates the activation of a number of plasma proteins. This leads to a substance called complement binding with the complex and destroying the pathogens by making cells rupture Sometimes some of the proteins cover the outer membrane of ...
... pathogens if they are immobilised in an AAC The AAC also stimulates the activation of a number of plasma proteins. This leads to a substance called complement binding with the complex and destroying the pathogens by making cells rupture Sometimes some of the proteins cover the outer membrane of ...
020909.M1-Immuno - Open.Michigan
... 5. Antigens on a pathogen are detected as foreign in the recognition phase of an immune response. This recognition of antigen leads to cellular differentiation and division in the activation phase of an immune response. Following activation, cells and secreted molecules that destroy or neutralize t ...
... 5. Antigens on a pathogen are detected as foreign in the recognition phase of an immune response. This recognition of antigen leads to cellular differentiation and division in the activation phase of an immune response. Following activation, cells and secreted molecules that destroy or neutralize t ...
The Immune System - beta-glucan-info
... Certain T cells, which also patrol the blood and lymph for foreign invaders, can do more than mark the antigens; they attack and destroy diseased cells they recognize as foreign. T lymphocytes are responsible for cell-mediated immunity (or cellular immunity). T cells also orchestrate, regulate and ...
... Certain T cells, which also patrol the blood and lymph for foreign invaders, can do more than mark the antigens; they attack and destroy diseased cells they recognize as foreign. T lymphocytes are responsible for cell-mediated immunity (or cellular immunity). T cells also orchestrate, regulate and ...
Chapter 40 Notes
... Very few pathogens can penetrate the layers of dead cells at the skin’s surface. The importance of the skin as a barrier against infection becomes obvious as soon as it is broken. ...
... Very few pathogens can penetrate the layers of dead cells at the skin’s surface. The importance of the skin as a barrier against infection becomes obvious as soon as it is broken. ...
ANTIBODIES - immunology.unideb.hu
... The first isotype in B-lymphocyte membrane Function in serum is not known ...
... The first isotype in B-lymphocyte membrane Function in serum is not known ...
GROWTH MEDIA OCULAR INFECTION
... • Th1 primarily cellular with a great deal of adjacent tissue damage • Th2 primarily humoral less collateral tissue damage ...
... • Th1 primarily cellular with a great deal of adjacent tissue damage • Th2 primarily humoral less collateral tissue damage ...
Immune System Concept Maps
... 2. IMMUNE RESPONSE, PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE, PATHOGEN, ANTIGEN, TCELL, B-CELL, ANTIBODY, PLASMA CELLS, MEMORY B-CELLS, ANTIBODIES, PHAGOCYTES, KILLER T-CELL (CYTOTOXIC T-CELL), HELPER T-CELL, SECONDARY IMMUNE RESPONSE, SUPPRESSOR T-CELL (10 points) ...
... 2. IMMUNE RESPONSE, PRIMARY IMMUNE RESPONSE, PATHOGEN, ANTIGEN, TCELL, B-CELL, ANTIBODY, PLASMA CELLS, MEMORY B-CELLS, ANTIBODIES, PHAGOCYTES, KILLER T-CELL (CYTOTOXIC T-CELL), HELPER T-CELL, SECONDARY IMMUNE RESPONSE, SUPPRESSOR T-CELL (10 points) ...
Humoral Immune Effector Mechanisms
... proliferative response only when F(ab)’2 is used. Fc gRII provides the inhibitory signal in this (by binding the Fc of the intact antibody). Indeed in FcgRII knock-out mice there was a significantly higher antibody response to both thymus independent and thymus dependent antigens. Therefore FcgRII a ...
... proliferative response only when F(ab)’2 is used. Fc gRII provides the inhibitory signal in this (by binding the Fc of the intact antibody). Indeed in FcgRII knock-out mice there was a significantly higher antibody response to both thymus independent and thymus dependent antigens. Therefore FcgRII a ...
Immunology: Introduction and Overview
... and is generally, but not always, beneficial. The ability to recognize self, while critical to immunologic education, is potentially dangerous. ...
... and is generally, but not always, beneficial. The ability to recognize self, while critical to immunologic education, is potentially dangerous. ...
Hermans HRC66 2006 (PDF 103kb)
... “There is accumulating evidence that vaccines can be used therapeutically to treat conditions like cancer, allergy and autoimmune disease. For all of these applications, it is critical that vaccines are designed to stimulate immune responses of the correct ‘character’,” Dr Hermans says. “For example ...
... “There is accumulating evidence that vaccines can be used therapeutically to treat conditions like cancer, allergy and autoimmune disease. For all of these applications, it is critical that vaccines are designed to stimulate immune responses of the correct ‘character’,” Dr Hermans says. “For example ...
35-3 and 35-4 PowerPoint Notes
... HIV is deadly for two reasons. First, HIV can __________ from the defenses of the immune system. Second, HIV attacks key cells within the __________ system, leaving the body with inadequate protection against other pathogens. HIV is a retrovirus that carries its genetic information in RNA, rather th ...
... HIV is deadly for two reasons. First, HIV can __________ from the defenses of the immune system. Second, HIV attacks key cells within the __________ system, leaving the body with inadequate protection against other pathogens. HIV is a retrovirus that carries its genetic information in RNA, rather th ...
Immunity - Seattle Central College
... • Natural Killer Cells (NKC) – 15% of all lymphocytes are NKC – Recognize tumor cells or virus-infected cells (generalist killers) – No memory; non-specific – Kill via chemical release (perforins lyse cell membranes) ...
... • Natural Killer Cells (NKC) – 15% of all lymphocytes are NKC – Recognize tumor cells or virus-infected cells (generalist killers) – No memory; non-specific – Kill via chemical release (perforins lyse cell membranes) ...
How our body fights to keep us healthy
... What we can do to prevent getting infected by bacteria and viruses • Hygiene - Wash hands, use a tissue etc • Eat healthy food to keep defender cells fighting fit and help good bacteria in body • Eat good bacteria • Exercise to help remove waste from body and keep lymph flowing • Vaccinations ...
... What we can do to prevent getting infected by bacteria and viruses • Hygiene - Wash hands, use a tissue etc • Eat healthy food to keep defender cells fighting fit and help good bacteria in body • Eat good bacteria • Exercise to help remove waste from body and keep lymph flowing • Vaccinations ...
The Immune System
... – Allergic reaction cause tissue in nose to swell in response with allergies. The swelling produces fluid and mucous. Blood vessels in eyes also swell which then cause redness. They shrink swollen nasal tissues and blood vessels to relieve the symptoms of nasal swelling, congestion, mucous, secretio ...
... – Allergic reaction cause tissue in nose to swell in response with allergies. The swelling produces fluid and mucous. Blood vessels in eyes also swell which then cause redness. They shrink swollen nasal tissues and blood vessels to relieve the symptoms of nasal swelling, congestion, mucous, secretio ...
Rationale
... Allergic rhinitis is a systemic, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction characterized by widespread vasodilation that leads to severe hypotension, airway constriction that causes difficulty breathing, and vascular permeability that causes swelling and obstruction of the upper airway. Virtually a ...
... Allergic rhinitis is a systemic, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction characterized by widespread vasodilation that leads to severe hypotension, airway constriction that causes difficulty breathing, and vascular permeability that causes swelling and obstruction of the upper airway. Virtually a ...
PowerPoint Presentation - I. Introduction to class
... plasma, lymph, mucus, etc.) and the surface of B cells. Defense against bacteria, bacterial toxins, and viruses that circulate freely in body fluids, before they enter ...
... plasma, lymph, mucus, etc.) and the surface of B cells. Defense against bacteria, bacterial toxins, and viruses that circulate freely in body fluids, before they enter ...
Immune System Powerpoint
... called antibody-mediated immunity, meaning that is controlled by antibodies • This represents the third line of defense in the immune system ...
... called antibody-mediated immunity, meaning that is controlled by antibodies • This represents the third line of defense in the immune system ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.