6- review article Tolou.indd
... and recipient with humoral mechanisms of likely greater importance in the rejection of renal than liver grafts (1, 12, 19). The two principal events of the human immune response are the recognition of epitopes on peptide antigens by T-cell receptors (TCR) and recognition of different epitopes on pro ...
... and recipient with humoral mechanisms of likely greater importance in the rejection of renal than liver grafts (1, 12, 19). The two principal events of the human immune response are the recognition of epitopes on peptide antigens by T-cell receptors (TCR) and recognition of different epitopes on pro ...
Colonization Resistance to Pathogens Cooperate with Immunity To
... Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697 ...
... Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697 ...
Arthritis Res. Ther. 13:R129 - Centre for Microbial Diseases and
... of cationic HDPs are expressed in human synovium tissues with differential expression patterns under inflammatory conditions [9]. However, the role of HDPs in synovium biology is not well characterized. It has been suggested that induction of HDPs by vitamin D may play a role in the protection again ...
... of cationic HDPs are expressed in human synovium tissues with differential expression patterns under inflammatory conditions [9]. However, the role of HDPs in synovium biology is not well characterized. It has been suggested that induction of HDPs by vitamin D may play a role in the protection again ...
Inhibitory receptors on myeloid cells: New targets for therapy?
... receptors also include proteins with a structural domain that was originally identified as a protein fold in the carbohydrate-recognition domain of mannose-binding lectin (Robinson et al., 2006). The prototypical C-type lectin inhibitory receptor is the NK receptor NKG2/CD94 or Ly49 (Held et al., 199 ...
... receptors also include proteins with a structural domain that was originally identified as a protein fold in the carbohydrate-recognition domain of mannose-binding lectin (Robinson et al., 2006). The prototypical C-type lectin inhibitory receptor is the NK receptor NKG2/CD94 or Ly49 (Held et al., 199 ...
Endotoxin can induce MyD88-deficient dendritic cells to support Th2
... immunity. A TLR-associated adapter protein, MyD88, is essential for cytokine production induced by TLR. However, in response to a TLR4 ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), MyD88-de®cient (MyD88±/±) DC can up-regulate co-stimulatory molecule expression and enhance their T cell stimulatory activity, indi ...
... immunity. A TLR-associated adapter protein, MyD88, is essential for cytokine production induced by TLR. However, in response to a TLR4 ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), MyD88-de®cient (MyD88±/±) DC can up-regulate co-stimulatory molecule expression and enhance their T cell stimulatory activity, indi ...
Correlations among measles virus
... correlates of protection against measles. Vaccine failure has been defined in terms of antibody response alone, and the markers of measles virus-specific cellular immunity after vaccination have been poorly characterized. Although the role and relative contribution of cellular immunity in imparting ...
... correlates of protection against measles. Vaccine failure has been defined in terms of antibody response alone, and the markers of measles virus-specific cellular immunity after vaccination have been poorly characterized. Although the role and relative contribution of cellular immunity in imparting ...
(9E10): sc-40 - Santa Cruz Biotechnology
... carcinomas. The presence of three sequence motifs in the c-Myc COOH terminus, including the leucine zipper, the helix-loop-helix and a basic region, provided initial evidence for a sequence-specific binding function. A basic region helix-loop-helix leucine zipper motif (bHLH-Zip) protein, designated ...
... carcinomas. The presence of three sequence motifs in the c-Myc COOH terminus, including the leucine zipper, the helix-loop-helix and a basic region, provided initial evidence for a sequence-specific binding function. A basic region helix-loop-helix leucine zipper motif (bHLH-Zip) protein, designated ...
The Systemic Inflammatory Response to Cardiac Surgery
... • Proinflammatory cytokines stimulate the inflammatory response; plasma concentrations of specific cytokines are predictive of outcome in critically ill patients. • Tumour necrosis factor α (TNF α) and Interleukin 1β (IL-1 β) are elevated early following cardiac surgery, with IL-6 and IL-8 peaking l ...
... • Proinflammatory cytokines stimulate the inflammatory response; plasma concentrations of specific cytokines are predictive of outcome in critically ill patients. • Tumour necrosis factor α (TNF α) and Interleukin 1β (IL-1 β) are elevated early following cardiac surgery, with IL-6 and IL-8 peaking l ...
Full Text - PDF - Donnish Journals
... moderate to sever megaloblastosis, an increased number of plasma cells and megakaryocytic hyperplasia with abnormal morphology. Amastigotes appeared as round or oval bodies found intracellular in monocytes and macrophages in the stained smears. Peripheral blood samples and lymph nodes were obtained ...
... moderate to sever megaloblastosis, an increased number of plasma cells and megakaryocytic hyperplasia with abnormal morphology. Amastigotes appeared as round or oval bodies found intracellular in monocytes and macrophages in the stained smears. Peripheral blood samples and lymph nodes were obtained ...
Acute effects of tobacco smoke on human
... noted that other particles, such as allergens or infectious agents, do not lead to selective recruitment of this DC subpopulation into human airways [17, 18]. Therefore, tobacco smoke appears to be a unique stimulus for mDC recruitment. It is remarkable that recruitment of mDCs into the airways coul ...
... noted that other particles, such as allergens or infectious agents, do not lead to selective recruitment of this DC subpopulation into human airways [17, 18]. Therefore, tobacco smoke appears to be a unique stimulus for mDC recruitment. It is remarkable that recruitment of mDCs into the airways coul ...
Ataxia..Telangiectasia and Cellular Responses
... enhanced mutagenesis in mammalian cells. At least some form of damage-activated repair may be p53 dependent in human cells. Smith et aL (51) recently demonstrated that loss of p53 function in human cells was associated with modest decreases in clonogenic survival, as well as reduced repair of UV-dam ...
... enhanced mutagenesis in mammalian cells. At least some form of damage-activated repair may be p53 dependent in human cells. Smith et aL (51) recently demonstrated that loss of p53 function in human cells was associated with modest decreases in clonogenic survival, as well as reduced repair of UV-dam ...
2.8 Respiration - biology4friends
... used as a fuel in vehicles, sometimes in a pure state and sometimes mixed with gasoline (petrol). Describe how bioethanol can be produced from plant material with reference to the function of yeast in the process. ...
... used as a fuel in vehicles, sometimes in a pure state and sometimes mixed with gasoline (petrol). Describe how bioethanol can be produced from plant material with reference to the function of yeast in the process. ...
Transplant Outcome in Mice Effects of T Cell Frequency and Graft
... (Fig. 1). Skin-derived Langerhans cells are more frequent in number and may be more immunogenic than heart-derived dendritic cells (34, 35). In addition, because skin grafts are not initially vascularized, induced ischemia-reperfusion injury is likely to be more prolonged than in vascularized heart ...
... (Fig. 1). Skin-derived Langerhans cells are more frequent in number and may be more immunogenic than heart-derived dendritic cells (34, 35). In addition, because skin grafts are not initially vascularized, induced ischemia-reperfusion injury is likely to be more prolonged than in vascularized heart ...
To what extent is the combined use of ipilimumab
... In general, antibodies have a symmetrical structure composed of a pair of identical glycosylated heavy chains, and a pair of identical nonglycosylated light chains. Disulfide bonds link these heavy chains, and the light chains are connected by a disulfide bond to one heavy chain. This creates a bas ...
... In general, antibodies have a symmetrical structure composed of a pair of identical glycosylated heavy chains, and a pair of identical nonglycosylated light chains. Disulfide bonds link these heavy chains, and the light chains are connected by a disulfide bond to one heavy chain. This creates a bas ...
Pro- and anti-inflammatory actions in coronary artery disease with
... The immune system is the body’s defense against disease, and has evolved to protect us from infections and cancer in a versatile manner. Its crucial task is to distinguish between self and non-self molecules (or antigens) in order to orchestrate the up- and down-regulation of immune responses, and t ...
... The immune system is the body’s defense against disease, and has evolved to protect us from infections and cancer in a versatile manner. Its crucial task is to distinguish between self and non-self molecules (or antigens) in order to orchestrate the up- and down-regulation of immune responses, and t ...
Hedgehog Signaling and Maintenance of Homeostasis in the
... of highly specialized cells (FIGURE 1) that serve to digest our food and absorb water and nutrients. At the same time, this thin layer is the major barrier that separates us from the large variety of microorganisms present in the lumen of the gut. Under homeostatic conditions, there is a remarkable ...
... of highly specialized cells (FIGURE 1) that serve to digest our food and absorb water and nutrients. At the same time, this thin layer is the major barrier that separates us from the large variety of microorganisms present in the lumen of the gut. Under homeostatic conditions, there is a remarkable ...
Stable individual differences in physiological response
... cardiovascular and immune response. These studies demonstrate that laboratory stressor induced changes in mitogen stimulated lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer cell activity, and numbers of circulating lymphocytes do not occur with inhibition of adrenergic stimulation of lymphocytes (Bachen et ...
... cardiovascular and immune response. These studies demonstrate that laboratory stressor induced changes in mitogen stimulated lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer cell activity, and numbers of circulating lymphocytes do not occur with inhibition of adrenergic stimulation of lymphocytes (Bachen et ...
Immune Response to Self Nuclear Autoantigen Determines the Fate
... which are a prototype model of human SLE, the pathway of peripheral tolerance to eliminate self-reactive lymphocytes is impaired due to the deficient Fas/Fas ligand system (8). The importance of peripheral tolerance has already been demonstrated using Tg mice in which the extrathymic organs express ...
... which are a prototype model of human SLE, the pathway of peripheral tolerance to eliminate self-reactive lymphocytes is impaired due to the deficient Fas/Fas ligand system (8). The importance of peripheral tolerance has already been demonstrated using Tg mice in which the extrathymic organs express ...
Long-term protection from syngeneic acute
... by CpG ODN-treated splenocytes (data not shown). No additional killing was detected after a second 24-hour incubation after the addition of fresh CpG ODN. To measure the contribution of individual innate immune cell types to the observed CpG ODN-induced antileukemia activity, we performed the cytoto ...
... by CpG ODN-treated splenocytes (data not shown). No additional killing was detected after a second 24-hour incubation after the addition of fresh CpG ODN. To measure the contribution of individual innate immune cell types to the observed CpG ODN-induced antileukemia activity, we performed the cytoto ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.