... be initiated by infectious agents, inorganic agents, and organic particulates: the factor common to all this is their low biodegradability and/or persistence, often within macrophages [5]. The cause of sarcoidosis has been sought for almost 100 yrs. Historically, a relationship with tuberculosis aki ...
Regional Specialisation of T Cell Subsets and Apoptosis in the
... The mucosal immune system of the healthy intestine has to maintain the balance between tolerogenic and pro-inflammatory immune responses. Each region of the intestine has unique characteristics related to specific functions and differential predominant antigens.1 The small bowel has to deal with a h ...
... The mucosal immune system of the healthy intestine has to maintain the balance between tolerogenic and pro-inflammatory immune responses. Each region of the intestine has unique characteristics related to specific functions and differential predominant antigens.1 The small bowel has to deal with a h ...
Immunoproteomics: the Key to Discovery of New Vaccine Antigens
... previously identified, and/or associated with virulence, including flagellin and flagellar hook associated protein, OmpA and BipB, confirming the capacity for patient serum to identify potential vaccine candidates. Although BipB was previously shown not to prolong survival of challenged mice [25], a ...
... previously identified, and/or associated with virulence, including flagellin and flagellar hook associated protein, OmpA and BipB, confirming the capacity for patient serum to identify potential vaccine candidates. Although BipB was previously shown not to prolong survival of challenged mice [25], a ...
presentation
... Does the unique origin of microglia enable identification of therapeutics with less systemic toxicity? Are microglia progenitors a potential target for therapy? ...
... Does the unique origin of microglia enable identification of therapeutics with less systemic toxicity? Are microglia progenitors a potential target for therapy? ...
Palmitic Acid Activation of Dendritic Cells
... Baseline and Three Months .................................................................................108 6. Anti-PA Autoantibodies and IL-1β from Serum of Hispanics with Type 2 Diabetes Correlate with Body Composition and HbA1c Respectively ...............110 ...
... Baseline and Three Months .................................................................................108 6. Anti-PA Autoantibodies and IL-1β from Serum of Hispanics with Type 2 Diabetes Correlate with Body Composition and HbA1c Respectively ...............110 ...
Activation of a Nonclassical NKT Cell Subset in a Transgenic
... Prior studies have focused on the role of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) isolated from previously immunized donors as effectors of liver injury in these models. We sought to examine the potential of other immune cells to contribute to liver injury and in particular wished to explore t ...
... Prior studies have focused on the role of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) isolated from previously immunized donors as effectors of liver injury in these models. We sought to examine the potential of other immune cells to contribute to liver injury and in particular wished to explore t ...
A4 version
... CONSTITUTIVE KNOCK OUT • Deficient in FcgRIIβ protein, which is a low affinity immunoglobulin G receptor. • The FcgRIIβ protein inhibits the activation of disparate effector functions such as phagocytosis, ...
... CONSTITUTIVE KNOCK OUT • Deficient in FcgRIIβ protein, which is a low affinity immunoglobulin G receptor. • The FcgRIIβ protein inhibits the activation of disparate effector functions such as phagocytosis, ...
IMMUNOLOGY LEARNING OBJECTIVES
... Peptides produced as part of normal cell metabolism then degraded by proteosomes meanwhile: alpha an dbeta-2 class I chains synth with leader sequences that direct their translocation to ER where calnexin (ER transmembrane prot) physically associates with alpha chain and facilitates its dimeri ...
... Peptides produced as part of normal cell metabolism then degraded by proteosomes meanwhile: alpha an dbeta-2 class I chains synth with leader sequences that direct their translocation to ER where calnexin (ER transmembrane prot) physically associates with alpha chain and facilitates its dimeri ...
INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1
... HIV is a primate lentivirus belonging to the Retroviridae family and affects cells of the immune system ultimately leading to AIDS (Gonzalez et al., 2009, Campbell and Hope, 2008). Two viral types exist, HIV-1 and HIV-2 both being enveloped retroviruses (Campbell and Hope, 2008, Lever, 2005). HIV-1 ...
... HIV is a primate lentivirus belonging to the Retroviridae family and affects cells of the immune system ultimately leading to AIDS (Gonzalez et al., 2009, Campbell and Hope, 2008). Two viral types exist, HIV-1 and HIV-2 both being enveloped retroviruses (Campbell and Hope, 2008, Lever, 2005). HIV-1 ...
Will There Ever Be An Accurate Test for Lyme Disease?
... Lyme Disease is a complex systemic disease that is caused by highly motile bacterium in the spirochete family. The bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi was first isolated from the skin of a Lyme patient with the distinctive bull’s-eye rash in the early 1980s. Since that time, culturing the elusive bacteriu ...
... Lyme Disease is a complex systemic disease that is caused by highly motile bacterium in the spirochete family. The bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi was first isolated from the skin of a Lyme patient with the distinctive bull’s-eye rash in the early 1980s. Since that time, culturing the elusive bacteriu ...
Atypical MHC class II-expressing antigen
... processed and presented on MHC molecules to be recognized by T cells. However, T cell activation requires more than the simple expression of MHC molecules by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The activation of a naive T cell requires interaction with an APC that provides multiple signals (see the fig ...
... processed and presented on MHC molecules to be recognized by T cells. However, T cell activation requires more than the simple expression of MHC molecules by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). The activation of a naive T cell requires interaction with an APC that provides multiple signals (see the fig ...
6- review article Tolou.indd
... divided on the basis of their function and biochemistry into class I and class II. Class I MHC molecules are required for antigen presentation to CD8+ T-cells, can be recognised directly as antigen presentation to CD4+ T-cells and are also potent allogeneic antigens. Class I MHC molecules can bind e ...
... divided on the basis of their function and biochemistry into class I and class II. Class I MHC molecules are required for antigen presentation to CD8+ T-cells, can be recognised directly as antigen presentation to CD4+ T-cells and are also potent allogeneic antigens. Class I MHC molecules can bind e ...
Multiple Features of the p59 ryn src Homology 4 Domain Define a
... SH1, SH2, and SH3 domains. These domains are responsible for enzymatic activity and mediate protein-protein interactions. An additional nonconserved domain that is contained in the amino-terminal 40-70 residues of each kinase is unique to each family member. Specific and specialized functions of eac ...
... SH1, SH2, and SH3 domains. These domains are responsible for enzymatic activity and mediate protein-protein interactions. An additional nonconserved domain that is contained in the amino-terminal 40-70 residues of each kinase is unique to each family member. Specific and specialized functions of eac ...
... macrophages (AMs) have an increased ability to serve as accessory cells during the generation of an immune response. In addition to soluble mediators, like cytokines, molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and adhesion molecules, like intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM ...
paper - WikiSec
... Additionally, macrophages release special proteins - cytokines - that activate Natural Killer lymphocytes [Wikc]. Those cells kill infected or damaged cells they encounter by releasing cytotoxines that create pores in the infected cell’s plasma membrane. This weakens the cell so that other toxins re ...
... Additionally, macrophages release special proteins - cytokines - that activate Natural Killer lymphocytes [Wikc]. Those cells kill infected or damaged cells they encounter by releasing cytotoxines that create pores in the infected cell’s plasma membrane. This weakens the cell so that other toxins re ...
IACFS/ME Conference 2014 Summary
... normal antigens of the host. Auto immune disease is disease caused or significantly promoted by auto-immunity – with production of self-reactive T and B cells. We are in fact developing lymphocytes and are “auto-immune” all the time, but we have mechanisms which recognize and control. Disease occurs ...
... normal antigens of the host. Auto immune disease is disease caused or significantly promoted by auto-immunity – with production of self-reactive T and B cells. We are in fact developing lymphocytes and are “auto-immune” all the time, but we have mechanisms which recognize and control. Disease occurs ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.