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Lactobacilli- and Staphylococcus aureus mediated
... The human gut harbors a vast number of microbes. These microbes are not passive bystanders; rather they are actively participating in host metabolic activity, protecting the host from infection and maintaining the gut mucosal layer. Moreover, a vast number of clinical and experimental findings indic ...
... The human gut harbors a vast number of microbes. These microbes are not passive bystanders; rather they are actively participating in host metabolic activity, protecting the host from infection and maintaining the gut mucosal layer. Moreover, a vast number of clinical and experimental findings indic ...
Diskrepansi Sistem Golongan Darah ABO
... An adult human has about 4–6 liters of blood circulating in the body. Blood consists of several types of cells floating around in a fluid called plasma. The red blood cells (RBCs) contain haemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen. RBCs transport oxygen to, and remove carbon dioxide from the tissues. ...
... An adult human has about 4–6 liters of blood circulating in the body. Blood consists of several types of cells floating around in a fluid called plasma. The red blood cells (RBCs) contain haemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen. RBCs transport oxygen to, and remove carbon dioxide from the tissues. ...
Mouse and human FcR effector functions
... internalization: when mFccRIIB is involved a restricted set of T-cell epitopes is presented compared to when mFccRIII is involved after immune complex internalization, probably due to cell activation concomitantly triggered by the latter receptor through the FcRc chain (28) and the SYK kinase (29). ...
... internalization: when mFccRIIB is involved a restricted set of T-cell epitopes is presented compared to when mFccRIII is involved after immune complex internalization, probably due to cell activation concomitantly triggered by the latter receptor through the FcRc chain (28) and the SYK kinase (29). ...
Review series on helminths, immune modulation
... induce interleukin (IL)-10 production by dendritic cells and B cells as well as being able to induce alternatively activated macrophages, invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) and regulatory T cells.19,29–32 The exact way in which helminth antigens such as those from S. mansoni mediate these effe ...
... induce interleukin (IL)-10 production by dendritic cells and B cells as well as being able to induce alternatively activated macrophages, invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) and regulatory T cells.19,29–32 The exact way in which helminth antigens such as those from S. mansoni mediate these effe ...
Pro5® Pentamer Applications
... ProImmune’s Human CD1d tetramer can detect NKT cells from non-human primates R-PE labeled human CD1d tetramers used to stain PBMCs from rhesus macaque monkeys. PBMCs were pre-stimulated with RGI-2001 (liposomal α-GalCer, a ligand for NKT cells) for 3 days. Data shown is gated on live, CD3 positive ...
... ProImmune’s Human CD1d tetramer can detect NKT cells from non-human primates R-PE labeled human CD1d tetramers used to stain PBMCs from rhesus macaque monkeys. PBMCs were pre-stimulated with RGI-2001 (liposomal α-GalCer, a ligand for NKT cells) for 3 days. Data shown is gated on live, CD3 positive ...
Fungal Keratitis
... coalesce to form a large epithelial ulcer with a 'geographical' or 'amoeboid' configuration. • The use of steroids in dendritic ulcer hastens the formation of geographical ulcer. ...
... coalesce to form a large epithelial ulcer with a 'geographical' or 'amoeboid' configuration. • The use of steroids in dendritic ulcer hastens the formation of geographical ulcer. ...
Control of Human Viral Infections by Natural Killer Cells
... The most prominent function of NK cells is to lyse malignant or virally infected cells. NK cells mediate cytolysis by a number of different mechanisms, including (a) exocytosis of cytoplasmic granules containing perforin and granzyme, (b) Fas ligand–mediated induction of apoptosis, and (c) antibody- ...
... The most prominent function of NK cells is to lyse malignant or virally infected cells. NK cells mediate cytolysis by a number of different mechanisms, including (a) exocytosis of cytoplasmic granules containing perforin and granzyme, (b) Fas ligand–mediated induction of apoptosis, and (c) antibody- ...
Introduction - SA Health | Protecting Services
... absorbed. An anti-trypsin inhibitor is a plant protein, which inhibits this action of trypsin. In raw beans there are two growth or anti-trypsin inhibitors namely the Kunitz and Bowman-Birk inhibitors. Anti-trypsin inhibitors can have harmful effects on humans where the beans from which they origina ...
... absorbed. An anti-trypsin inhibitor is a plant protein, which inhibits this action of trypsin. In raw beans there are two growth or anti-trypsin inhibitors namely the Kunitz and Bowman-Birk inhibitors. Anti-trypsin inhibitors can have harmful effects on humans where the beans from which they origina ...
Cancer Immunotherapy - Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer
... Disclaimer: Information presented in Patient Resource Cancer Guide: Understanding Cancer Immunotherapy is not intended as a substitute for the advice given by your health care provider. The opinions expressed in Patient Resource Cancer Guide: Understanding Cancer Immunotherapy are those of the autho ...
... Disclaimer: Information presented in Patient Resource Cancer Guide: Understanding Cancer Immunotherapy is not intended as a substitute for the advice given by your health care provider. The opinions expressed in Patient Resource Cancer Guide: Understanding Cancer Immunotherapy are those of the autho ...
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: sensing nucleic acids in viral infection
... TLR-containing early endosomes normally prevents pDC responses to them. However, in some autoimmune diseases, self nucleic acids can be modified by host factors and gain entrance to pDC endosomes, where they activate TLR signalling. Several pDC receptors negatively regulate type I IFN responses by p ...
... TLR-containing early endosomes normally prevents pDC responses to them. However, in some autoimmune diseases, self nucleic acids can be modified by host factors and gain entrance to pDC endosomes, where they activate TLR signalling. Several pDC receptors negatively regulate type I IFN responses by p ...
University of Groningen Dengue and Chikungunya virus van
... At ADE conditions, antibody-opsonized virions not only escape from degradation, these particles also have a higher chance to induce membrane fusion and productive infection [102]. This might be related to the alternative entry route by which antibody-opsonized DENV is taken up into the cell [103]. I ...
... At ADE conditions, antibody-opsonized virions not only escape from degradation, these particles also have a higher chance to induce membrane fusion and productive infection [102]. This might be related to the alternative entry route by which antibody-opsonized DENV is taken up into the cell [103]. I ...
The Two Major Structural Phosphoproteins (pp65 and ppl50) of
... Institut jfir Klinische Virologie der Universitiit Erlangen-Niirnberg, Loschgestrasse 7, D-8520 Erlangen, F.R.G. (Accepted 15 January 1987) SUMMARY ...
... Institut jfir Klinische Virologie der Universitiit Erlangen-Niirnberg, Loschgestrasse 7, D-8520 Erlangen, F.R.G. (Accepted 15 January 1987) SUMMARY ...
Penetration of Stratified Mucosa Cytolysins Augment Superantigen
... and MHC II on APCs such as macrophages (24 –28). This interaction leads to the proliferation and activation of a large number of T cells and the release of cytokines from both cell types. The production of TNF-␣ and - results in capillary leakage, IL-1 (IL-1) causes fever, and IL-2 and IFN-␥ caus ...
... and MHC II on APCs such as macrophages (24 –28). This interaction leads to the proliferation and activation of a large number of T cells and the release of cytokines from both cell types. The production of TNF-␣ and - results in capillary leakage, IL-1 (IL-1) causes fever, and IL-2 and IFN-␥ caus ...
Peptide Vaccine: Progress and Challenges
... A successful vaccine must induce a strong and long memory humoral and cellular immune response, but more importantly, protect against the disease being targeted. Therefore, it is important to evaluate whether the peptide immunogen can induce ―protective‖ T-cell and B-cell immunity. The earliest pept ...
... A successful vaccine must induce a strong and long memory humoral and cellular immune response, but more importantly, protect against the disease being targeted. Therefore, it is important to evaluate whether the peptide immunogen can induce ―protective‖ T-cell and B-cell immunity. The earliest pept ...
The Immune System - Wiley-VCH
... immunity can sense the presence of infectious agents. Consequent inflammation enables blood-borne innate effector cells and molecules to enter the tissue. (a) Dendritic cells (DC) at the site of infection sense the presence of an infectious agent and capture molecules (antigens) from it. (b) They mi ...
... immunity can sense the presence of infectious agents. Consequent inflammation enables blood-borne innate effector cells and molecules to enter the tissue. (a) Dendritic cells (DC) at the site of infection sense the presence of an infectious agent and capture molecules (antigens) from it. (b) They mi ...
Phytochemicals
... How do phytochemicals work? There are many phytochemicals and each works differently. These are some possible actions: • Antioxidant - Most phytochemicals have antioxidant activity and protect our cells against oxidative damage and reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer. Phytochemica ...
... How do phytochemicals work? There are many phytochemicals and each works differently. These are some possible actions: • Antioxidant - Most phytochemicals have antioxidant activity and protect our cells against oxidative damage and reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer. Phytochemica ...
- Wiley Online Library
... may act locally at the site of infection (Scott-Browne et al., 2007). Mtb-specific Treg expansion requires the cognate antigen and occurs almost exclusively from pre-existing Tregs (Shafiani et al., 2010), raising the question of whether bacteria and or their components modulate adaptive immune resp ...
... may act locally at the site of infection (Scott-Browne et al., 2007). Mtb-specific Treg expansion requires the cognate antigen and occurs almost exclusively from pre-existing Tregs (Shafiani et al., 2010), raising the question of whether bacteria and or their components modulate adaptive immune resp ...
to read about the Elana Waldman Ovarian Cancer
... cancer through their studies, and is pointing the way toward better prevention and treatment. Examples of priority research areas underway include: 1. Using Antibodies in the Fight Against Ovarian Cancer In collaboration with a world-class, state-of-the art program at the University of Toronto, our ...
... cancer through their studies, and is pointing the way toward better prevention and treatment. Examples of priority research areas underway include: 1. Using Antibodies in the Fight Against Ovarian Cancer In collaboration with a world-class, state-of-the art program at the University of Toronto, our ...
Template to create a scientific poster
... The maternal immune system is exposed to paternal class II antigens • The maternal immune system is initially exposed to paternal antigens through sperm and seminal fluid which contain MHC class II molecules.8 • MHC class II molecules are not expressed at the surface of trophoblasts, but HLA-DR mole ...
... The maternal immune system is exposed to paternal class II antigens • The maternal immune system is initially exposed to paternal antigens through sperm and seminal fluid which contain MHC class II molecules.8 • MHC class II molecules are not expressed at the surface of trophoblasts, but HLA-DR mole ...
The effects of HIV Tat DNA on regulating the Open Access
... the virus trans-activation [15]. The C-terminal amino acids which are encoded by the second Tat exon contain the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif and mediate cell adhesion and binding of extracellular Tat [16]. In most cases, HIV-1 Tat is used as an immunogen [17,18]. However, the publishe ...
... the virus trans-activation [15]. The C-terminal amino acids which are encoded by the second Tat exon contain the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif and mediate cell adhesion and binding of extracellular Tat [16]. In most cases, HIV-1 Tat is used as an immunogen [17,18]. However, the publishe ...
Cancer immunotherapy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peptide_bound_to_Rituximab_FAB.png?width=300)
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.