Mucosal Immunity in Mycobacterial Infections Anna Tjärnlund
... The mechanisms by which NO and other RNIs may affect antimicrobial activity, could be through the modification of bacterial DNA, proteins and lipids (reviewed in Chan et al., 2001). NO can deaminate, as well as directly damage bacterial DNA, and has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis. RNIs also ...
... The mechanisms by which NO and other RNIs may affect antimicrobial activity, could be through the modification of bacterial DNA, proteins and lipids (reviewed in Chan et al., 2001). NO can deaminate, as well as directly damage bacterial DNA, and has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis. RNIs also ...
Stress Damages Immune System and Health
... immune response, modulated by psychological stress, can impact both the antibody and T-cell responses to virus vaccines. This is important because in order to be protected against a virus infection, one needs to have both an antibody and a virus-specific T-cell response to the virus sufficient to pr ...
... immune response, modulated by psychological stress, can impact both the antibody and T-cell responses to virus vaccines. This is important because in order to be protected against a virus infection, one needs to have both an antibody and a virus-specific T-cell response to the virus sufficient to pr ...
PDF - Journal of Neuroinflammation
... and monocytes [4,10]. The chemokine plays an important role in germinal center organization. CXCL12 is also expressed in the normal brain and is crucial for neuronal guidance [10,19]. Higher CSF levels of CXCL12 were found in inflammatory CNS diseases. CXCL12 was also found in MS lesions but CSF lev ...
... and monocytes [4,10]. The chemokine plays an important role in germinal center organization. CXCL12 is also expressed in the normal brain and is crucial for neuronal guidance [10,19]. Higher CSF levels of CXCL12 were found in inflammatory CNS diseases. CXCL12 was also found in MS lesions but CSF lev ...
Regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses by
... Bacteria are classified as Gram-positive or Gram-negative, depending on their cell wall structure. The role of the bacterial cell wall in immune regulation is the focus of the current work. Most Gram-positive bacteria stimulate monocytes to produce large amounts of IL12. IL-12 induces production of ...
... Bacteria are classified as Gram-positive or Gram-negative, depending on their cell wall structure. The role of the bacterial cell wall in immune regulation is the focus of the current work. Most Gram-positive bacteria stimulate monocytes to produce large amounts of IL12. IL-12 induces production of ...
Thirteenth International Kidney Cancer Symposium
... outstanding level as my partners Mike and Joyce. It was truly a pleasure to work on this project with them, and I definitely appreciate their mentorship. By way of background, I was diagnosed with kidney cancer in 2003. I am a researcher by nature, and can remember at that time reading anything and ...
... outstanding level as my partners Mike and Joyce. It was truly a pleasure to work on this project with them, and I definitely appreciate their mentorship. By way of background, I was diagnosed with kidney cancer in 2003. I am a researcher by nature, and can remember at that time reading anything and ...
What the shark immune system can and cannot provide for the
... food chains as apex predators, for nearly one and a half billion years. Throughout this period they have benefitted from an immune system with the same fundamental components found in terrestrial vertebrates like man. Additionally, sharks have some rather extraordinary immune mechanisms which mammal ...
... food chains as apex predators, for nearly one and a half billion years. Throughout this period they have benefitted from an immune system with the same fundamental components found in terrestrial vertebrates like man. Additionally, sharks have some rather extraordinary immune mechanisms which mammal ...
Causes of disease_adaptive responses
... Acids and alkalis hydrolyze membranes Poisons like mercuric ion tie up sulfhydryl groups and destroy the cell. Formalin / formaldehyde crosslink amino groups on proteins and nucleic acids. Histopathologists use this chemistry to “fix tissues”. ...
... Acids and alkalis hydrolyze membranes Poisons like mercuric ion tie up sulfhydryl groups and destroy the cell. Formalin / formaldehyde crosslink amino groups on proteins and nucleic acids. Histopathologists use this chemistry to “fix tissues”. ...
Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia
... they act as a ÔhaptenÕ, to induce a humoral immune response. The resulting antibodies recognize the carrier molecule only where the ÔhaptenÕ is attached covalently. Accordingly, when drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia was first recognized as a clinical entity, it was suspected that the drug became ...
... they act as a ÔhaptenÕ, to induce a humoral immune response. The resulting antibodies recognize the carrier molecule only where the ÔhaptenÕ is attached covalently. Accordingly, when drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia was first recognized as a clinical entity, it was suspected that the drug became ...
Complexity of interferon-γ interactions with HSV-1
... its control of actin and microtubules (39). In an adenocarcinoma colonic (T84) cell line, IFN-γ treatment activated Rho GTPase that upregulated expression of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), which then mediated internalization of tight junction proteins from the apical plasma membrane into actin-coated ...
... its control of actin and microtubules (39). In an adenocarcinoma colonic (T84) cell line, IFN-γ treatment activated Rho GTPase that upregulated expression of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), which then mediated internalization of tight junction proteins from the apical plasma membrane into actin-coated ...
Functional capacities of human IgM memory B cells in early
... a fraction of bulk CD19+ B cells (38–41), turned out to be predominantly detectable on the surface of IgM memory B cells (Fig. 4 A–D). CCR2 is involved in the recruitment of macrophages to inflammatory sites along a macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) gradient. CEACAM1 belongs to a family of ...
... a fraction of bulk CD19+ B cells (38–41), turned out to be predominantly detectable on the surface of IgM memory B cells (Fig. 4 A–D). CCR2 is involved in the recruitment of macrophages to inflammatory sites along a macrophage chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) gradient. CEACAM1 belongs to a family of ...
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
... lysozymes and other secreted substances; cell-mediated responses involve a wide number of cell types, including phagocytes (neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells), natural killer cells (NK cells), basophils, mast cells and eosinophils. In the adaptive or specific immune system, hum ...
... lysozymes and other secreted substances; cell-mediated responses involve a wide number of cell types, including phagocytes (neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells), natural killer cells (NK cells), basophils, mast cells and eosinophils. In the adaptive or specific immune system, hum ...
Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: Positioning Cells for Host
... engraftment and to promote HSC mobilization in mice and humans (8, 9). A common method of stem cell mobilization in humans, G-CSF treatment, promotes the destruction of CXCL12 in the bone marrow and the appearance of peripheral blood HSCs with low CXCR4 expression (10). It remains unclear which mech ...
... engraftment and to promote HSC mobilization in mice and humans (8, 9). A common method of stem cell mobilization in humans, G-CSF treatment, promotes the destruction of CXCL12 in the bone marrow and the appearance of peripheral blood HSCs with low CXCR4 expression (10). It remains unclear which mech ...
Progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
... CD8+ proportions (figure 5). Lately, regulatory T cells have gained attention for their function in suppressing immune responses. Many cancers have been shown to display higher proportions of CD4+CD25+ regulatory cells which are thought to down-regulate the anti-tumour response 27, 28. In invasive S ...
... CD8+ proportions (figure 5). Lately, regulatory T cells have gained attention for their function in suppressing immune responses. Many cancers have been shown to display higher proportions of CD4+CD25+ regulatory cells which are thought to down-regulate the anti-tumour response 27, 28. In invasive S ...
Immunology Coursebook 2016/17
... awarded to a student only upon successful completion of the course year. Progression from one year to the next is determined by the course regulations that are available on the Science Course website. Students who fail a year of their course will not obtain credit for that year even if they have pas ...
... awarded to a student only upon successful completion of the course year. Progression from one year to the next is determined by the course regulations that are available on the Science Course website. Students who fail a year of their course will not obtain credit for that year even if they have pas ...
MUKOSA-SISTEM-IMMUN-BAKTERI-VIRUS-CACING
... recognize by epithelial cells EC secretion of cytokines inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by DC and macrophage DC & macrophages ...
... recognize by epithelial cells EC secretion of cytokines inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by DC and macrophage DC & macrophages ...
Th17 Cell Frequency and IL-17 Concentration Correlate
... which is the largest avascular tissue in vivo, is recognized as a foreign antigen, and an autoimmune response producing inflammation and sustained lumbocrural pain is induced once the immune system is prominently exposed to this antigen. Furthermore, Macnab4 reported that the numbness experienced by ...
... which is the largest avascular tissue in vivo, is recognized as a foreign antigen, and an autoimmune response producing inflammation and sustained lumbocrural pain is induced once the immune system is prominently exposed to this antigen. Furthermore, Macnab4 reported that the numbness experienced by ...
Mdm2 Promotes Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and
... E3 ubiquitin ligase that degrades several central cell cycle regulators including p53 and retinoblastoma protein.15,16 For example, increased levels of Mdm2 prevent the induction of genes that are required to initiate apoptosis, and Mdm2 directly activates the cell cycle, two mechanisms that are wel ...
... E3 ubiquitin ligase that degrades several central cell cycle regulators including p53 and retinoblastoma protein.15,16 For example, increased levels of Mdm2 prevent the induction of genes that are required to initiate apoptosis, and Mdm2 directly activates the cell cycle, two mechanisms that are wel ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.