Modulation of Allospecific CTL Responses During Pregnancy in
... TCRs specific for the H-Y minor histocompatibility Ag found evidence for two distinct types of immune regulation induced by pregnancy. Some H-Y-specific T cells were specifically deleted, while others became anergic, but without down-regulation of their receptors (4). In the case of H-Y Ag, the preg ...
... TCRs specific for the H-Y minor histocompatibility Ag found evidence for two distinct types of immune regulation induced by pregnancy. Some H-Y-specific T cells were specifically deleted, while others became anergic, but without down-regulation of their receptors (4). In the case of H-Y Ag, the preg ...
A novel immunodeficiency disorder characterized by
... Figure 1 Increased DNA copy number of IL25 results in overexpression following T-cell activation. (a) Genome-wide DNA copy number analysis was performed using Sty 250 K SNP arrays (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA), on peripheral blood DNA from the case and three control subjects. Copy number was ca ...
... Figure 1 Increased DNA copy number of IL25 results in overexpression following T-cell activation. (a) Genome-wide DNA copy number analysis was performed using Sty 250 K SNP arrays (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA), on peripheral blood DNA from the case and three control subjects. Copy number was ca ...
Hypersensitivity
... What are the chemical mediators of immediate hypersentivity reactions? Some effector molecules of immediate hypersensitivity reactions are preformed mediators; others are newly synthesized mediators. Distinguish between the two. Briefly describe the two pathways for the production of newly synt ...
... What are the chemical mediators of immediate hypersentivity reactions? Some effector molecules of immediate hypersensitivity reactions are preformed mediators; others are newly synthesized mediators. Distinguish between the two. Briefly describe the two pathways for the production of newly synt ...
Interplay between the Hepatitis B Virus and Innate Immunity: From
... hepatocytes (PHH) [23], differentiated HepaRG [20], or Na+-taurocholate-cotransporting-polypeptide (NTCP)-expressing hepatoma cells [24]. Various levels of non-enveloped nucleocapsids may contaminate these inocula (supplementary material in [25]) and be at the origin of artefactual results. Moreover ...
... hepatocytes (PHH) [23], differentiated HepaRG [20], or Na+-taurocholate-cotransporting-polypeptide (NTCP)-expressing hepatoma cells [24]. Various levels of non-enveloped nucleocapsids may contaminate these inocula (supplementary material in [25]) and be at the origin of artefactual results. Moreover ...
Treatment of Mooren`s ulcer with cyclosporin A: report of three cases
... Estimations of total T lymphocytes (OKT 3, Ortho Diagnostics) were within the normal range in all patients (Table 2). Helper T cells (OKT 4) were also within normal limits. Suppressor T cells (OKT 8) were in the normal range initially and rose during CSA treatment. The rise was most marked in case 3 ...
... Estimations of total T lymphocytes (OKT 3, Ortho Diagnostics) were within the normal range in all patients (Table 2). Helper T cells (OKT 4) were also within normal limits. Suppressor T cells (OKT 8) were in the normal range initially and rose during CSA treatment. The rise was most marked in case 3 ...
1 Detection of Histatherin: a Potential Antimicrobial Peptide K
... the results are inconclusive at this stage. 1. Introduction ...
... the results are inconclusive at this stage. 1. Introduction ...
- Iranian Journal of Immunology
... Isolation and Characterization of mice MSCs. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of femurs and tibiae of 8-12 week old BALB/c (H-2Kd) mice (18). Four passages were done prior to use of the cells to achieve the highest purity. The purity of bone marrow derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) was assessed by Flowcytom ...
... Isolation and Characterization of mice MSCs. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of femurs and tibiae of 8-12 week old BALB/c (H-2Kd) mice (18). Four passages were done prior to use of the cells to achieve the highest purity. The purity of bone marrow derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) was assessed by Flowcytom ...
Instructions for Handling PDF Galley Proofs
... out in several laboratories, including ours, to better define these immune regulatory pathways and ultimately identify targets for immune-based interventions aimed at reducing the HIV-associated chronic immune activation. A second hypothesized mechanism to explain the resolution of immune activation ...
... out in several laboratories, including ours, to better define these immune regulatory pathways and ultimately identify targets for immune-based interventions aimed at reducing the HIV-associated chronic immune activation. A second hypothesized mechanism to explain the resolution of immune activation ...
Thymus Gland:
... hours the entire process had reversed itself. His temperature was down, he was breathing unassisted, and he was conscious. This is the kind of dramatic recovery we are going to see more and more as accurate testing of thymus function and administration of thymus extract, when indicated, becomes rout ...
... hours the entire process had reversed itself. His temperature was down, he was breathing unassisted, and he was conscious. This is the kind of dramatic recovery we are going to see more and more as accurate testing of thymus function and administration of thymus extract, when indicated, becomes rout ...
Memory and Specificity in the Insect Immune System: Current
... species, priming confers a strong protective effect against a secondary challenge with an otherwise lethal dose of pathogen. The specificity and duration of the protective effect appears to vary depending on the insect host and type of microbe used as a priming agent (12, 13). In light of evidence p ...
... species, priming confers a strong protective effect against a secondary challenge with an otherwise lethal dose of pathogen. The specificity and duration of the protective effect appears to vary depending on the insect host and type of microbe used as a priming agent (12, 13). In light of evidence p ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection with Regulatory Mechanisms
... (2). Alveolar macrophages are an ideal target for M. tuberculosis. In their resting state, not only are alveolar macrophages poor at destroying mycobacteria but M. tuberculosis can also inhibit their ability to kill phagocytized bacteria, most likely by preventing phagosome-lysosome fusion (3–5). Cl ...
... (2). Alveolar macrophages are an ideal target for M. tuberculosis. In their resting state, not only are alveolar macrophages poor at destroying mycobacteria but M. tuberculosis can also inhibit their ability to kill phagocytized bacteria, most likely by preventing phagosome-lysosome fusion (3–5). Cl ...
A monoclonal antibody against lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 decreases HIV-1
... plays a role in leukocyte trafficking, antigen presentation, cellular activation, and adhesion of Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to their targets. In addition to its role in the immune response, LFA-1 and its ligands are incorporated into the viral envelope as HIV-1 buds from the cell surface [1]. Th ...
... plays a role in leukocyte trafficking, antigen presentation, cellular activation, and adhesion of Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to their targets. In addition to its role in the immune response, LFA-1 and its ligands are incorporated into the viral envelope as HIV-1 buds from the cell surface [1]. Th ...
Restoring the Balance of the Autonomic Nervous System as an
... on immune cells, is adaptive to environmental needs. In addition, immune function is regulated by peptide neurotransmitters that colocalize with NE, such as neuropeptide Y and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), as well, but their exact contribution to immune regulation remains to be unraveled (12). The r ...
... on immune cells, is adaptive to environmental needs. In addition, immune function is regulated by peptide neurotransmitters that colocalize with NE, such as neuropeptide Y and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), as well, but their exact contribution to immune regulation remains to be unraveled (12). The r ...
Increase in Peripheral Blood Intermediate Monocytes is Associated
... monocytes after induction by the CD40-CD40L interaction [32]. Therefore, we assessed the levels of molecules related to such co-stimulation (CD86) in the intermediate monocytes. The intermediate subset from patients with T1DM was also found to express significantly higher level of CD86 than those of ...
... monocytes after induction by the CD40-CD40L interaction [32]. Therefore, we assessed the levels of molecules related to such co-stimulation (CD86) in the intermediate monocytes. The intermediate subset from patients with T1DM was also found to express significantly higher level of CD86 than those of ...
A Model to Predict Cell-Mediated Immune
... (2). Alveolar macrophages are an ideal target for M. tuberculosis. In their resting state, not only are alveolar macrophages poor at destroying mycobacteria but M. tuberculosis can also inhibit their ability to kill phagocytized bacteria, most likely by preventing phagosome-lysosome fusion (3–5). Cl ...
... (2). Alveolar macrophages are an ideal target for M. tuberculosis. In their resting state, not only are alveolar macrophages poor at destroying mycobacteria but M. tuberculosis can also inhibit their ability to kill phagocytized bacteria, most likely by preventing phagosome-lysosome fusion (3–5). Cl ...
Examination of Amino Acid Differences as a Means
... amino acid changes in the V3 loop corresponds to viral infectivity potential • The function of the V3 loop can be affected by six specific amino acid changes • When all six changes are present in the V3 sequence the virus cannot infect CD4 cells and replicate • These findings show the link between a ...
... amino acid changes in the V3 loop corresponds to viral infectivity potential • The function of the V3 loop can be affected by six specific amino acid changes • When all six changes are present in the V3 sequence the virus cannot infect CD4 cells and replicate • These findings show the link between a ...
EGFR Kinase Mutations Are Not Affected by Lung Cancer
... the signaling capacity of the receptor and which correlated with clinical response or resistance to TKI therapy. In the present study, we investigated the impact of such EGFR mutations on antitumor cell activity of EGFR Abs. Thus, an EGFR-responsive cell line model was established, in which cells wi ...
... the signaling capacity of the receptor and which correlated with clinical response or resistance to TKI therapy. In the present study, we investigated the impact of such EGFR mutations on antitumor cell activity of EGFR Abs. Thus, an EGFR-responsive cell line model was established, in which cells wi ...
Chapter 14: Blood
... 6. A person with type A blood has antibody anti-B in their plasma. 7. A person with type B blood has antibody anti-A in their plasma. 8. A person with type AB blood has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies in their plasma. 9. A person with type O blood has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their ...
... 6. A person with type A blood has antibody anti-B in their plasma. 7. A person with type B blood has antibody anti-A in their plasma. 8. A person with type AB blood has neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies in their plasma. 9. A person with type O blood has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their ...
Anti-Aging Benefits of Bovine Colostrum
... healthy tissues. The current treatment of choice for many cancers, chemotherapy, compromises the body’s natural immune function, thereby creating a situation of increased risk for opportunistic infections. The diverse combination of immune and growth factors in colostrum can protect against invading ...
... healthy tissues. The current treatment of choice for many cancers, chemotherapy, compromises the body’s natural immune function, thereby creating a situation of increased risk for opportunistic infections. The diverse combination of immune and growth factors in colostrum can protect against invading ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.