Understanding MGUS and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
... (or in medical language, “immunoglobulins” or “Ig”) to fight the invading antigen. There are five types of heavy chain immunoglobulins: IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgM. There are two types of immunoglobulin light chain, kappa (κ) and lambda (λ). ...
... (or in medical language, “immunoglobulins” or “Ig”) to fight the invading antigen. There are five types of heavy chain immunoglobulins: IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgM. There are two types of immunoglobulin light chain, kappa (κ) and lambda (λ). ...
TNF receptor 2 pathway: drug target for autoimmune diseases
... in the body. TNFR2 expression is restricted to certain T-cell subpopulations, including lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8 cells)69, endothelial cells, microglia and specific neuron subtypes70,71, oligodendrocytes72,73, cardiac myocytes74, thymocytes75,76 and human mesenchymal stem cells77. Human mesenchymal ...
... in the body. TNFR2 expression is restricted to certain T-cell subpopulations, including lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8 cells)69, endothelial cells, microglia and specific neuron subtypes70,71, oligodendrocytes72,73, cardiac myocytes74, thymocytes75,76 and human mesenchymal stem cells77. Human mesenchymal ...
EBV infection B cells and lymphomagenesis
... Source: R Kuppers; Nature reviews immunology; 2003 ...
... Source: R Kuppers; Nature reviews immunology; 2003 ...
Metabolic syndrome: the danger signal in atherosclerosis
... factors and cytokines leads to stimulation of the innate immune system when these signals are detected as danger. Therefore, signals from different sources including: modified lipid products, endogenous inducible factors, and cytokines are implicated in a complex inflammatory response that relies on ...
... factors and cytokines leads to stimulation of the innate immune system when these signals are detected as danger. Therefore, signals from different sources including: modified lipid products, endogenous inducible factors, and cytokines are implicated in a complex inflammatory response that relies on ...
Metabolic syndrome: the danger signal in
... factors and cytokines leads to stimulation of the innate immune system when these signals are detected as danger. Therefore, signals from different sources including: modified lipid products, endogenous inducible factors, and cytokines are implicated in a complex inflammatory response that relies on ...
... factors and cytokines leads to stimulation of the innate immune system when these signals are detected as danger. Therefore, signals from different sources including: modified lipid products, endogenous inducible factors, and cytokines are implicated in a complex inflammatory response that relies on ...
Hypertensive anterior uveitis
... • When latently infected macrophages and dendritic cells subsequently become highly activated, the conditions inside the nucleus change. • The human cellular DNA binding proteins that previously bound to the CMV immediate-early promoter disappear, permitting the virus to reactivate from latency. ...
... • When latently infected macrophages and dendritic cells subsequently become highly activated, the conditions inside the nucleus change. • The human cellular DNA binding proteins that previously bound to the CMV immediate-early promoter disappear, permitting the virus to reactivate from latency. ...
BCelsa_WDA
... Specification discloses a method of generating antibodies to tumor cell suspensions and screening them for the ability to cause tumor regression in a patient. ...
... Specification discloses a method of generating antibodies to tumor cell suspensions and screening them for the ability to cause tumor regression in a patient. ...
Genome-scale profiling reveals a subset of genes regulated by DNA
... Epigenetic modifications are likely to mediate early developmental changes in T-cells, because these modifications are known to have a well-defined role in determining both the diversity and plasticity of T-helper cell phenotypes.5–7 Variability in DNA methylation levels and histone modification profiles ...
... Epigenetic modifications are likely to mediate early developmental changes in T-cells, because these modifications are known to have a well-defined role in determining both the diversity and plasticity of T-helper cell phenotypes.5–7 Variability in DNA methylation levels and histone modification profiles ...
PHENOTYPIC AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL BIOMARKERS IN ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION Isabel Puig-Pey Comas
... efforts have been tried and tested to optimize the outcome. Advances in the understanding of the overall transplant process, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, organ preservation techniques, and immunological mechanisms underlying rejection and graft function, together with a more individualized ...
... efforts have been tried and tested to optimize the outcome. Advances in the understanding of the overall transplant process, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, organ preservation techniques, and immunological mechanisms underlying rejection and graft function, together with a more individualized ...
Template for PowerPoint Use
... Specification discloses a method of generating antibodies to tumor cell suspensions and screening them for the ability to cause tumor regression in a patient. ...
... Specification discloses a method of generating antibodies to tumor cell suspensions and screening them for the ability to cause tumor regression in a patient. ...
Licentiate thesis from the Department of Immunology, Wenner-Gren Institute,
... system that can act swiftly against all pathogens and learn to respond more efficiently against any pathogen common to a given individuals specific environment. These branches are, however, not two entirely separate systems but the adaptive is dependent on the innate components to function and the i ...
... system that can act swiftly against all pathogens and learn to respond more efficiently against any pathogen common to a given individuals specific environment. These branches are, however, not two entirely separate systems but the adaptive is dependent on the innate components to function and the i ...
Macrophages in Kidney Injury and Repair
... acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), and ATN all feature marked recruitment of interstitial Mφs (47). While it has been easier to understand how glomerular Mφs clearing ICs or those adjacent to activated T lymphocytes might become activated, it is less clear how interstitial or glomerular Mφs in non- ...
... acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), and ATN all feature marked recruitment of interstitial Mφs (47). While it has been easier to understand how glomerular Mφs clearing ICs or those adjacent to activated T lymphocytes might become activated, it is less clear how interstitial or glomerular Mφs in non- ...
SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION OF THE TEST
... Bladder cancer is the fourth most common form of cancer in men and ninth most common form in women in the United States.1 Approximately 75 to 85% of these patients present with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) confined to the superficial mucosa of the bladder.2 The risk of recurrence in these patie ...
... Bladder cancer is the fourth most common form of cancer in men and ninth most common form in women in the United States.1 Approximately 75 to 85% of these patients present with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) confined to the superficial mucosa of the bladder.2 The risk of recurrence in these patie ...
BIOMED - Biomedical Research Institute
... The Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED) is one of the research institutes of Hasselt University with a staff of about 120 researchers, clinicians and technicians. Currently, 20% of PhD students come from outside the European Union. Over the last years, the Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED) e ...
... The Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED) is one of the research institutes of Hasselt University with a staff of about 120 researchers, clinicians and technicians. Currently, 20% of PhD students come from outside the European Union. Over the last years, the Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED) e ...
Influence of congenital human cytomegalovirus infection and the
... display a variety of clinical disorders [8, 11] potentially leading to important sequelae such as mental retardation and deafness. The type of maternal infection (i.e., primary versus reactivation/reinfection) conditions the risk of congenital infection and the pregnancy stage at which transmission ...
... display a variety of clinical disorders [8, 11] potentially leading to important sequelae such as mental retardation and deafness. The type of maternal infection (i.e., primary versus reactivation/reinfection) conditions the risk of congenital infection and the pregnancy stage at which transmission ...
Transient expression of human papillomavirus type 16 virus
... L1 monomers readily self-assembled into capsomeres and further into virus like particles (VLPs). Immunological characterization and electron microscopy showed that 89 % of L1 retained VLP structure also in extracts prepared from freeze-dried leaves. Plant expressed L1 in crude extracts was highly im ...
... L1 monomers readily self-assembled into capsomeres and further into virus like particles (VLPs). Immunological characterization and electron microscopy showed that 89 % of L1 retained VLP structure also in extracts prepared from freeze-dried leaves. Plant expressed L1 in crude extracts was highly im ...
Chapter 18 Lecture Outline
... • Osmolarity of blood—the total molarity of those dissolved particles that cannot pass through the blood vessel wall – If too high, blood absorbs too much water, increasing the blood pressure – If too low, too much water stays in tissue, blood pressure drops, and edema occurs – Optimum osmolarity is ...
... • Osmolarity of blood—the total molarity of those dissolved particles that cannot pass through the blood vessel wall – If too high, blood absorbs too much water, increasing the blood pressure – If too low, too much water stays in tissue, blood pressure drops, and edema occurs – Optimum osmolarity is ...
High Temperature Affects Cytokine Release by Human Peripheral
... autoinflammatory process characterized by periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenopathy, the peripheral blood concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β were elevated, whereas those of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 were insignificant [8]. Studies with rats have shown that intra-p ...
... autoinflammatory process characterized by periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenopathy, the peripheral blood concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β were elevated, whereas those of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 were insignificant [8]. Studies with rats have shown that intra-p ...
Animal Models of Leishmaniasis Relevant to
... • Only mice with healed primary lesions (live vaccinated mice) were significantly protected against infected sand fly challenge. • Rapidly-recruited, tissue-seeking, multifunctional cytokine-producing CD4+ T cells are the best immune correlates for protection. • These cells likely require persistent ...
... • Only mice with healed primary lesions (live vaccinated mice) were significantly protected against infected sand fly challenge. • Rapidly-recruited, tissue-seeking, multifunctional cytokine-producing CD4+ T cells are the best immune correlates for protection. • These cells likely require persistent ...
Immune recognition and rejection of allogeneic skin grafts
... of donor-derived passenger leukocytes following retransplantation of kidney grafts in rats [36,37] . Based upon the assumption that donor parenchymal cells are not capable of sensitizing recipient alloreactive T cells, an alternative pathway of allorecognition was proposed as the trigger for host T- ...
... of donor-derived passenger leukocytes following retransplantation of kidney grafts in rats [36,37] . Based upon the assumption that donor parenchymal cells are not capable of sensitizing recipient alloreactive T cells, an alternative pathway of allorecognition was proposed as the trigger for host T- ...
Influence of honey in mice bearing Ehrlich carcinoma
... • Blood and serum samples were collected from 5 mice from each group at 7, 14 and 21 days intervals post inoculation with Ehrlich effusive carcinoma cells. • Blood samples were subjected to determine lymphocyte transformation as Hegazi et al. (1981) & (1985) • phagocytic activity as Hegazi et al. (1 ...
... • Blood and serum samples were collected from 5 mice from each group at 7, 14 and 21 days intervals post inoculation with Ehrlich effusive carcinoma cells. • Blood samples were subjected to determine lymphocyte transformation as Hegazi et al. (1981) & (1985) • phagocytic activity as Hegazi et al. (1 ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.