Big_Idea_2-4D_Immune_Response
... the body, most innate immune leukocytes cannot divide or reproduce on their own, but are the products of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells present in the bone marrow. The innate leukocytes include: Natural killer cells, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils; and the phagocytic cells including macr ...
... the body, most innate immune leukocytes cannot divide or reproduce on their own, but are the products of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells present in the bone marrow. The innate leukocytes include: Natural killer cells, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils; and the phagocytic cells including macr ...
Lecture 5 T Cell-Mediated Immunity
... Mechanisms that are used by the immune system to eliminate pathogens (or other substances) from the body Cellular effector mechanisms ...
... Mechanisms that are used by the immune system to eliminate pathogens (or other substances) from the body Cellular effector mechanisms ...
Chapter 1
... several ways Antibody can cross-link several antigens, making it easier to be ingested by phagocytic cells Activate complement system resulting in lysis of microorganism ...
... several ways Antibody can cross-link several antigens, making it easier to be ingested by phagocytic cells Activate complement system resulting in lysis of microorganism ...
Cells of the Immune System Principles of Immunology 1/26/06
... “Fixed” throughout the body, e.g. Liver (Kupffer) Activated by cytokines and gamma interferon APC Secretes numerous immune response factors ...
... “Fixed” throughout the body, e.g. Liver (Kupffer) Activated by cytokines and gamma interferon APC Secretes numerous immune response factors ...
The Immune System and Disease
... may be caused by _____________ (bacteria, viruses, fungi) B. agents of disease ...
... may be caused by _____________ (bacteria, viruses, fungi) B. agents of disease ...
Suppressing the immune system
... cells to help treat different autoimmune diseases! • Using a patient's white blood cells to transport the myelin antigens to the spleen is expensive and labour-intensive so we thought nanoparticles might be a cheaper and more accessible option. A useful nanoparticle could be from a polymer called PL ...
... cells to help treat different autoimmune diseases! • Using a patient's white blood cells to transport the myelin antigens to the spleen is expensive and labour-intensive so we thought nanoparticles might be a cheaper and more accessible option. A useful nanoparticle could be from a polymer called PL ...
PowerPoint Presentation - I. Introduction to class
... ACTIVITY OF OTHER CELLS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. • DEFENSE AGAINST: • BACTERIA AND VIRUSES THAT ARE INSIDE HOST CELLS AND ARE INACCESSIBLE TO ANTIBODIES. • FUNGI, PROTOZOA, AND WORMS ...
... ACTIVITY OF OTHER CELLS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. • DEFENSE AGAINST: • BACTERIA AND VIRUSES THAT ARE INSIDE HOST CELLS AND ARE INACCESSIBLE TO ANTIBODIES. • FUNGI, PROTOZOA, AND WORMS ...
The Immune System
... Complement proteins are plasma proteins that help defend against invading microbes by tagging the microbe for phagocytosis, puncturing cell membranes or triggering the formation of a mucous coating ...
... Complement proteins are plasma proteins that help defend against invading microbes by tagging the microbe for phagocytosis, puncturing cell membranes or triggering the formation of a mucous coating ...
Immune System
... -Inteferon may act against cancer since some may be induced by viruses one kind mobilizes natural killer cells-destroys tumor cells may change malignant cell membranes- make them less likely to metastasize activates macrophages ...
... -Inteferon may act against cancer since some may be induced by viruses one kind mobilizes natural killer cells-destroys tumor cells may change malignant cell membranes- make them less likely to metastasize activates macrophages ...
Integrated Science 2 Name: Per
... 12. A substance that triggers the immune response is known as a(an) ______________________ 13. What are some examples of antigens? ______________________________________________ ...
... 12. A substance that triggers the immune response is known as a(an) ______________________ 13. What are some examples of antigens? ______________________________________________ ...
Comparative Vertebrate Physiology
... Inject a bacteria into an animal It raises proteins (antibodies against the infection Serum containing antibodies protects other animals not previously exposed ...
... Inject a bacteria into an animal It raises proteins (antibodies against the infection Serum containing antibodies protects other animals not previously exposed ...
Ch 12 Adaptive Defense Overview
... cells have many surface proteins that our immune cells recognize ...
... cells have many surface proteins that our immune cells recognize ...
Non-specific Immune Response
... recognised as being non-self by the immune system and stimulates the immune response. (anti –antibody, gen-generator) – Usually proteins or glycoproteins on the cell plasma membrane or cell wall of invading pathogen. ...
... recognised as being non-self by the immune system and stimulates the immune response. (anti –antibody, gen-generator) – Usually proteins or glycoproteins on the cell plasma membrane or cell wall of invading pathogen. ...
Saliva - Duplin County Schools
... White Blood Cells ~T-Cells~ • T-Cells, often called “natural killer” cells, recognize infected human cells and cancer cells • T-cells will attack these infected cells, quickly kill them, and then continue to search for more cells to kill ...
... White Blood Cells ~T-Cells~ • T-Cells, often called “natural killer” cells, recognize infected human cells and cancer cells • T-cells will attack these infected cells, quickly kill them, and then continue to search for more cells to kill ...
the immune system phagocytosis antibody function
... taking premade antibodies that provide temporary protection for people who have been exposed to a specific illness. ...
... taking premade antibodies that provide temporary protection for people who have been exposed to a specific illness. ...
IMMUNOLOGY (Ms. Lucky Juneja)
... distinguish subtle differences among antigens. Antibodies can distinguish between two protein molecules that differ in only a single amino acid. The immune system is capable of generating tremendous diversity in its recognition molecules,allowing it to recognize billions of unique structures on ...
... distinguish subtle differences among antigens. Antibodies can distinguish between two protein molecules that differ in only a single amino acid. The immune system is capable of generating tremendous diversity in its recognition molecules,allowing it to recognize billions of unique structures on ...
You should be able to find the information necessary to answer
... 16. Describe three differences between humoral and cell-mediated responses of the immune system to pathogen invasion. List the cells that are involved in each type of response. ...
... 16. Describe three differences between humoral and cell-mediated responses of the immune system to pathogen invasion. List the cells that are involved in each type of response. ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.