DISEASE - IMMUNE SYSTEM
... lipids or nucleic acids located on the surface of bacteria, viruses and other pathogens ...
... lipids or nucleic acids located on the surface of bacteria, viruses and other pathogens ...
ppt - Marric.us
... • The skin serves as a physical barrier to prevent the passage of many disease-causing microorganisms. The skin is also slightly acidic and has good bacteria. ...
... • The skin serves as a physical barrier to prevent the passage of many disease-causing microorganisms. The skin is also slightly acidic and has good bacteria. ...
Matching - use the key below to answer questions 1
... 2. What is the difference between a B & a T cell. B cells mark foreign cells, T cells destroy them. 3. Describe the different types of B and T cells. Memory cells: provides future immunity after first exposure Plasma cells: increases antibodies released into the blood Cytotoxic T cells: kill foreign ...
... 2. What is the difference between a B & a T cell. B cells mark foreign cells, T cells destroy them. 3. Describe the different types of B and T cells. Memory cells: provides future immunity after first exposure Plasma cells: increases antibodies released into the blood Cytotoxic T cells: kill foreign ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034 M.Sc. BI 3951 - IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY
... 3. Mention the source and function of plasma cells. 4. Give the expansion NALT and one of its function. 5. What do you mean by Lymph nodes? 6. What do you understand by HLA? 7. Write two functional features of Haplotyping 8. Define the process phagocytosis. 9. How can you define immundifussion 10. W ...
... 3. Mention the source and function of plasma cells. 4. Give the expansion NALT and one of its function. 5. What do you mean by Lymph nodes? 6. What do you understand by HLA? 7. Write two functional features of Haplotyping 8. Define the process phagocytosis. 9. How can you define immundifussion 10. W ...
Physiology of the Blood III. White Blood Cells and the Immune
... - granules: strong basophil (blue-purple) staining - life: few hours-days - histamine release during inflammation and allergy - anaphylaxis ...
... - granules: strong basophil (blue-purple) staining - life: few hours-days - histamine release during inflammation and allergy - anaphylaxis ...
PowerPoint bemutató - Department of Immunology
... Ectopic expression of FOXP3 in naive mouse CD4+ T-cells confers suppressive activity and induces the expression of Treg-associated signature molecules such as CD25, CTLA4 and GITR. Expression of these receptors also correlates with FOXP3 expression in human CD4+ T-cells. ...
... Ectopic expression of FOXP3 in naive mouse CD4+ T-cells confers suppressive activity and induces the expression of Treg-associated signature molecules such as CD25, CTLA4 and GITR. Expression of these receptors also correlates with FOXP3 expression in human CD4+ T-cells. ...
Co-receptors
... The activation of specialised immune cells from the adaptive immune response (i.e. B cells and T cells) is controlled by their specific antigen receptor but also by co-receptors. In order to be fully activated and ready to respond to intruders or damaged cells, naïve T cells (that haven’t contacted ...
... The activation of specialised immune cells from the adaptive immune response (i.e. B cells and T cells) is controlled by their specific antigen receptor but also by co-receptors. In order to be fully activated and ready to respond to intruders or damaged cells, naïve T cells (that haven’t contacted ...
microbio 7 [4-20
... 12. What enzyme do cytotoxic T cells use to kill other hots cells? Granzyme & perforins 13. What are B-1 cells? B-1 cells seem to bridge innate and adaptive immunity by producing a limited series of antibodies that react with carbohydrates of infectious origin 14. What defines the first two stag ...
... 12. What enzyme do cytotoxic T cells use to kill other hots cells? Granzyme & perforins 13. What are B-1 cells? B-1 cells seem to bridge innate and adaptive immunity by producing a limited series of antibodies that react with carbohydrates of infectious origin 14. What defines the first two stag ...
Chapter 18 Answers to Even Numbered Study Questions
... Antibody binding to a foreign cell or protein protects in a number of ways. It stimulates the complement system, which can lead to lysis of the cells or enveloped viruses to which the antibody is bound. It also facilitates phagocytosis, as bound antibody acts as an opsonin. And it can interfere ster ...
... Antibody binding to a foreign cell or protein protects in a number of ways. It stimulates the complement system, which can lead to lysis of the cells or enveloped viruses to which the antibody is bound. It also facilitates phagocytosis, as bound antibody acts as an opsonin. And it can interfere ster ...
Immune system II
... Why is there a memory response? ! Lymphocyte stem cells (B cells and others) differentiate to become potential antibody producing cells, each capable of producing one antibody (of random specificity). ! Presence of antigen stimulates cell division of the cell(s) that make antibodies that react with ...
... Why is there a memory response? ! Lymphocyte stem cells (B cells and others) differentiate to become potential antibody producing cells, each capable of producing one antibody (of random specificity). ! Presence of antigen stimulates cell division of the cell(s) that make antibodies that react with ...
Chapter 13: Lymphatics
... 19. What is the origin of “B” in the designation of B-cells? Which organs “educate” Bcells in humans? 20. What do B-cells secrete? 21. What is the special action of NK cells? What do they secrete? 22. What is apotosis? 23. Name the primary lymphatic organs in humans. What happens to lymphocytes in t ...
... 19. What is the origin of “B” in the designation of B-cells? Which organs “educate” Bcells in humans? 20. What do B-cells secrete? 21. What is the special action of NK cells? What do they secrete? 22. What is apotosis? 23. Name the primary lymphatic organs in humans. What happens to lymphocytes in t ...
... sensitivity and specificity using a finite amount of coding DNA? Why do subsequent immune responses to a pathogen occur more rapidly and at higher titers than previous immune responses? How does the immune system provide a high degree of sensitivity and specificity to the broad array of pathogens wi ...
Immunology Notes
... Helper cells stimulate B cells to mature into plasma cells, which begin to synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin (proteins with known antibody activity) Suppressor cells reduce the humoral immunity B. Humoral immunity: also called immunoglobulin-mediated immunity Associated with circulating anti ...
... Helper cells stimulate B cells to mature into plasma cells, which begin to synthesize and secrete immunoglobulin (proteins with known antibody activity) Suppressor cells reduce the humoral immunity B. Humoral immunity: also called immunoglobulin-mediated immunity Associated with circulating anti ...
Document
... are released into circulation by red bone marrow. 2. Lymphocytes that reach the thymus differentiate into T-cells/T-lymphocytes. 3. B lymphocytes/B-cells differentiate in the red bone marrow. ...
... are released into circulation by red bone marrow. 2. Lymphocytes that reach the thymus differentiate into T-cells/T-lymphocytes. 3. B lymphocytes/B-cells differentiate in the red bone marrow. ...
Dental Microbiology #211 IMMUNOLOGY Lecture 1
... A group of naturally-occurring plasma proteins produced by the liver that play a major role in the killing and removal of pathogens. (To be discussed separately). ...
... A group of naturally-occurring plasma proteins produced by the liver that play a major role in the killing and removal of pathogens. (To be discussed separately). ...
Blood and the Immune System
... B-cell leukocytes are anti-body producing. Each B-cell produces a single type of antibody. Super-antibody-producing cells are called plasma cells which produce 2000 antibody molecules/sec ...
... B-cell leukocytes are anti-body producing. Each B-cell produces a single type of antibody. Super-antibody-producing cells are called plasma cells which produce 2000 antibody molecules/sec ...
File
... -Transferred through blood, semen and vaginal secretions that come into contact with broken skin and mucus membranes ( wet- thin tissue found in certain openings such as eyes, nose, rectum, vagina and penis) - Virus finds and destroys T-cells - Death usually comes not from the disease ...
... -Transferred through blood, semen and vaginal secretions that come into contact with broken skin and mucus membranes ( wet- thin tissue found in certain openings such as eyes, nose, rectum, vagina and penis) - Virus finds and destroys T-cells - Death usually comes not from the disease ...
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM AND IMMUNITY
... antibodies specific to a given antigen. Antibodies bind to the antigens on invaders and kill or inactivate them in several ways. Most antibodies are themselves proteins or are a mix of protein and polysaccharides. Antigens can be any molecule that causes an immune system response. There are two type ...
... antibodies specific to a given antigen. Antibodies bind to the antigens on invaders and kill or inactivate them in several ways. Most antibodies are themselves proteins or are a mix of protein and polysaccharides. Antigens can be any molecule that causes an immune system response. There are two type ...
Body Defenses Against Pathogens
... c. differentiation into plasma and memory cells d. plasma cells secrete antibodies e. antibodies bind to antigens to cause: i. agglutination ii. precipitation iii. neutralization iv. complement fixation -cell lysis -opsonization -inflammatory enhancement 2. active vs passive immunity 3. natural vs a ...
... c. differentiation into plasma and memory cells d. plasma cells secrete antibodies e. antibodies bind to antigens to cause: i. agglutination ii. precipitation iii. neutralization iv. complement fixation -cell lysis -opsonization -inflammatory enhancement 2. active vs passive immunity 3. natural vs a ...
11.4: Immunity Healing and Protection Against Disease Recall that
... Specific immune system- variety of cells that recognize foreign substances and act to neutralize or destroy them; develops over time in each individual depending upon which diseases a person is exposed to. 3. Third-line defense- activated when pathogen gets by first- and second-line defenses and in ...
... Specific immune system- variety of cells that recognize foreign substances and act to neutralize or destroy them; develops over time in each individual depending upon which diseases a person is exposed to. 3. Third-line defense- activated when pathogen gets by first- and second-line defenses and in ...
Immune-system-preview-nobelprize-org
... Responses—Have a look”. There is an interactive game on IMMUNE RESPONSES (http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/immuneresponses/). Click on PLAY. Start reading the descriptions and interact with the game characters as you advance through the game. Click on 02 on the right hand side. After c ...
... Responses—Have a look”. There is an interactive game on IMMUNE RESPONSES (http://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/immuneresponses/). Click on PLAY. Start reading the descriptions and interact with the game characters as you advance through the game. Click on 02 on the right hand side. After c ...
Lymphatic and Immune System
... Second Line of Defense • Cells and Chemicals – Phagocytes like macrophages and neutrophils engulf foreign particles and digest them with enzymes – Natural Killer Cells are lymphocytes that lyse and kill cancer cells and virus infected cells and act spontaneously without need to “recognize” intruder ...
... Second Line of Defense • Cells and Chemicals – Phagocytes like macrophages and neutrophils engulf foreign particles and digest them with enzymes – Natural Killer Cells are lymphocytes that lyse and kill cancer cells and virus infected cells and act spontaneously without need to “recognize” intruder ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.