determining the innate and adaptive immune responses to vesicular
... The goal of this research project is to determine the response of dendritic cells and T cells to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectors that express flagellin. VSV is currently in clinical trials as a recombinant vaccine vector against heterologous antigens (1). Incorporating flagellin gene into t ...
... The goal of this research project is to determine the response of dendritic cells and T cells to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectors that express flagellin. VSV is currently in clinical trials as a recombinant vaccine vector against heterologous antigens (1). Incorporating flagellin gene into t ...
... molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and adhesion molecules, like intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), play a major role in the regulation of these cellular interactions. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique and immunocytochemical staining, ...
Identificatio of CT521 as a Frequent Target of Th1 Cells in Patients
... analyzed by measuring the IFN-g response to 30 narrow protein fractions with a minimal overlap between neighboring fractions (figu e 1). PBMCs from a total of 16 patients were stimulated with the panel of protein fractions (data not shown). The immune responses showed a marked heterogeneity, and in ...
... analyzed by measuring the IFN-g response to 30 narrow protein fractions with a minimal overlap between neighboring fractions (figu e 1). PBMCs from a total of 16 patients were stimulated with the panel of protein fractions (data not shown). The immune responses showed a marked heterogeneity, and in ...
Giuliana Magri Characterization of natural killer cell response to human cytomegalovirus
... innate and adaptive immunity that are highly connected and reciprocally regulated. The adaptive immunity is required to provide long-lasting specific immunity and is mediated by T and B lymphocytes, while the innate immune system is the first line of defence against pathogens. From a phylogenetic st ...
... innate and adaptive immunity that are highly connected and reciprocally regulated. The adaptive immunity is required to provide long-lasting specific immunity and is mediated by T and B lymphocytes, while the innate immune system is the first line of defence against pathogens. From a phylogenetic st ...
Clinical features and pathobiology of Ebolavirus
... can also only be performed in laboratories that have BSL-4 facilities. The fact that Ebolavirus infection of nonhuman primates leads to essentially similar clinical manifestations as humans infected with Ebolaviruses, it is safe to assume that the findings in the nonhuman primates have direct implica ...
... can also only be performed in laboratories that have BSL-4 facilities. The fact that Ebolavirus infection of nonhuman primates leads to essentially similar clinical manifestations as humans infected with Ebolaviruses, it is safe to assume that the findings in the nonhuman primates have direct implica ...
Infection Salmonella PIR-B-Deficient Mice Are Susceptible to
... Paired Ig-like receptors of activating (PIR-A) and inhibitory (PIR-B) isoforms are expressed by many hematopoietic cells, including B lymphocytes and myeloid cells. To determine the functional roles of PIR-A and PIR-B in primary bacterial infection, PIR-B-deficient (PIR-Bⴚ/ⴚ) and wild-type (WT) cont ...
... Paired Ig-like receptors of activating (PIR-A) and inhibitory (PIR-B) isoforms are expressed by many hematopoietic cells, including B lymphocytes and myeloid cells. To determine the functional roles of PIR-A and PIR-B in primary bacterial infection, PIR-B-deficient (PIR-Bⴚ/ⴚ) and wild-type (WT) cont ...
Examples of Supervisors and Research Projects (Wellcome)
... Transcriptional regulation of IL-10 versus proinflammatory cytokine production in myeloid cells via type I IFN dependent and independent mechanisms in mouse models and human disease including infection and allergy Immune regulation of B cells in RSV infection of human volunteers Immunity to cancer i ...
... Transcriptional regulation of IL-10 versus proinflammatory cytokine production in myeloid cells via type I IFN dependent and independent mechanisms in mouse models and human disease including infection and allergy Immune regulation of B cells in RSV infection of human volunteers Immunity to cancer i ...
Pathways Molecule-Dependent and
... to previously unaffected regions due to global warming (24 –26). It is estimated that 30,000 –50,000 cases of JEV occur each year, resulting in 10,000 –15,000 deaths, although this number may be underestimated (22, 23). Additionally, 30 – 60% of surviving patients suffer from serious long-term neuro ...
... to previously unaffected regions due to global warming (24 –26). It is estimated that 30,000 –50,000 cases of JEV occur each year, resulting in 10,000 –15,000 deaths, although this number may be underestimated (22, 23). Additionally, 30 – 60% of surviving patients suffer from serious long-term neuro ...
Full Text - PDF - Donnish Journals
... duration, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia then confirmed by rK39 Dipstick. Fifty bone marrow smears showed moderate to sever megaloblastosis, an increased number of plasma cells and megakaryocytic hyperplasia with abnormal morphology. Amastigotes appeared as round or oval bodies found intracell ...
... duration, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia then confirmed by rK39 Dipstick. Fifty bone marrow smears showed moderate to sever megaloblastosis, an increased number of plasma cells and megakaryocytic hyperplasia with abnormal morphology. Amastigotes appeared as round or oval bodies found intracell ...
Autophagy in herpesvirus immune control and immune escape Open Access
... macroautophagy provides a route for endogenous proteins to intersect vesicles that form an important part of the MHC class II processing pathway. These proteins are then degraded to generate peptide epitopes which, upon binding into the groove of trafficking MHC class II molecules, are transported t ...
... macroautophagy provides a route for endogenous proteins to intersect vesicles that form an important part of the MHC class II processing pathway. These proteins are then degraded to generate peptide epitopes which, upon binding into the groove of trafficking MHC class II molecules, are transported t ...
CC Chemokine Receptor 4 Contributes to Innate NK and Chronic
... study examined multiple parameters of the immune response after pulmonary exposure to mycobacteria. These included innate resistance, induction of effector cells in draining lymphoid tissues, mobilization of effector cells to infected lungs, and ability to mount a recall inflammatory response to myc ...
... study examined multiple parameters of the immune response after pulmonary exposure to mycobacteria. These included innate resistance, induction of effector cells in draining lymphoid tissues, mobilization of effector cells to infected lungs, and ability to mount a recall inflammatory response to myc ...
Chapter 13
... network has been likened to a circus tent, in which I-J is the centre-pole, and the anti-MHC class II clones are the canvas. The centre-pole is stabilized by the presence of the canvas and vice versa. This model solves some of the main parts of the I-J puzzle, as I described in references 65 and 66 ...
... network has been likened to a circus tent, in which I-J is the centre-pole, and the anti-MHC class II clones are the canvas. The centre-pole is stabilized by the presence of the canvas and vice versa. This model solves some of the main parts of the I-J puzzle, as I described in references 65 and 66 ...
Pathogenic biofilm - Holistic Family Dentistry Steven N. Green, DDS
... Bacteria mostly exist in their attached interconnected form with an altered genetic profile and metabolism as part of the fabric of a highly-structured cooperative microscopic city, organized as a sessile sentient organism with sophisticated forms of communication and a group strategy for survival. ...
... Bacteria mostly exist in their attached interconnected form with an altered genetic profile and metabolism as part of the fabric of a highly-structured cooperative microscopic city, organized as a sessile sentient organism with sophisticated forms of communication and a group strategy for survival. ...
Understanding the interaction between psychosocial stress
... Increased sympathetic adrenal activity appears to play a major role in immune changes observed after acute psychological stress. Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis-activity, resulting in enhanced release of glucocorticoids, together with sympathetic mechanisms are mainly responsible for the i ...
... Increased sympathetic adrenal activity appears to play a major role in immune changes observed after acute psychological stress. Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal (HPA) axis-activity, resulting in enhanced release of glucocorticoids, together with sympathetic mechanisms are mainly responsible for the i ...
¿Manipulan los ácaros el sistema inmunológico?
... promote Th2-polarized adaptive immune responses – Natural exposure is not to single proteins, but to complex mixtures of molecules ...
... promote Th2-polarized adaptive immune responses – Natural exposure is not to single proteins, but to complex mixtures of molecules ...
Is there a scientific question to answer?
... David Goldblatt Professor of Vaccinology and Immunology/ ...
... David Goldblatt Professor of Vaccinology and Immunology/ ...
Claire Baldock
... The patent disclosed a method for producing the antibodies from human cells which would only be capable of making low affinity antibodies ...
... The patent disclosed a method for producing the antibodies from human cells which would only be capable of making low affinity antibodies ...
Activation of an inflammatory response is context
... Interestingly, despite the growing interest in understanding the costs of deploying or maintaining immune effectors in natural populations, rarely has ontogeny been taken into account in these studies. This is unfortunate, as there is evidence that not only does the immune system develop differently ...
... Interestingly, despite the growing interest in understanding the costs of deploying or maintaining immune effectors in natural populations, rarely has ontogeny been taken into account in these studies. This is unfortunate, as there is evidence that not only does the immune system develop differently ...
INDUCTION OF INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES BY PLANT
... The T Cell Regulates Early Innate Immune Responses ..........................................27 The δ T Cell Priming Response ...........................................................................29 The Phenotype of γδ TCR Signaling .......................................................... ...
... The T Cell Regulates Early Innate Immune Responses ..........................................27 The δ T Cell Priming Response ...........................................................................29 The Phenotype of γδ TCR Signaling .......................................................... ...
PDF - Journal of Veterinary Science
... using OMP and DNT of B. bronchiseptica as antigens. Generally, antibody titers peaked at 4 and 6 weeks in sera and egg yolks, respectively, after the first injection (Fig. 1 and 2). The titers of the vaccinated groups were three times higher than those of the control group. Antibody profiles against ...
... using OMP and DNT of B. bronchiseptica as antigens. Generally, antibody titers peaked at 4 and 6 weeks in sera and egg yolks, respectively, after the first injection (Fig. 1 and 2). The titers of the vaccinated groups were three times higher than those of the control group. Antibody profiles against ...
HIV-specific antibody- dependent cellular cytotoxicity
... an important bridge between the innate and acquired immune systems, wherein antibodies binding to antigen presented on infected cells and recruit natural killer (NK) cells to kill the virus-infected target. The Thai RV 144 Phase III vaccine trial conducted from 2003 to 2009, using 16,000 volunteers, ...
... an important bridge between the innate and acquired immune systems, wherein antibodies binding to antigen presented on infected cells and recruit natural killer (NK) cells to kill the virus-infected target. The Thai RV 144 Phase III vaccine trial conducted from 2003 to 2009, using 16,000 volunteers, ...
Sex steroid hormones
... cardiovascular disease, there is a male predominance. The sexual dimorphism of autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases probably relates to a number of factors, e.g. difference in exposure to risk factors and response to therapy, together with the effects of sex steroid hormones on disease pathophysio ...
... cardiovascular disease, there is a male predominance. The sexual dimorphism of autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases probably relates to a number of factors, e.g. difference in exposure to risk factors and response to therapy, together with the effects of sex steroid hormones on disease pathophysio ...
Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health hazard. Out
... test will help in early diagnosis leading to a reduction in mortality among children with tuberculosis and further transmission of this disease. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a potentially valuable technique and simple to perform. Crude as well purified forms of antigens of M. tubercu ...
... test will help in early diagnosis leading to a reduction in mortality among children with tuberculosis and further transmission of this disease. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a potentially valuable technique and simple to perform. Crude as well purified forms of antigens of M. tubercu ...
Review Article - clinicalevidence
... by gram-positive bacteria. This includes the identification of 1) components in gram-positive bacteria that initiates cytokine production, 2) receptors on host immune cells responsible for recognition of such components, and 3) signaling pathways leading to cytokine production. The discovery a decad ...
... by gram-positive bacteria. This includes the identification of 1) components in gram-positive bacteria that initiates cytokine production, 2) receptors on host immune cells responsible for recognition of such components, and 3) signaling pathways leading to cytokine production. The discovery a decad ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.